Spanish 3 Final Review Semester 1

Present Tense

Yo-O

Nosotros/Nosotras-AMOS

Tú-AS

Él/Ella/Usted-A

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes-AN

AR VERBS

Yo-O

Nosotros/Nosotras-EMOS/IMOS

Tú-ES

Él/Ella/Usted-E

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes-EN

ER/IR VERBS

Irregular Verb Structures

• Ir+ a+ infinitive= am/is/are going to…– Yo voy a comer en un restaurante I am going to eat in a restaurant. *DO NOT CONJUGATE SECOND VERB!

• Querer+ infinitive= want to– Ella quiere bailar con Channing Tatum. She wants to dance with Channing Tatum.

• Tener + que + infinitive= have to…– Nosotros tenemos que estudiar para el examen. We have to study for the test.

Ser and Estar

• Ser: D-O-C-T-O-R• Estar: Feelings/Emotions/location

Ser and Estar ConjugationsYo

EstoyNosotros

EstamosTú

EstásÉl/Ella/Usted

EstáEllos/Ellas/Ustedes

Están

YoSoy

NosotrosSomos

TúEres

Él/Ella/UstedEs

Ellos/Ellas/UstedesSon

Preset Progressive

• Conjugation of estar + ando/iendo– If you have an AR verb drop AR and and ando– If you have an ER/IR verb drop ending and add iendo

• EX: She is speaking= Ella está hablandoThey are eating= ellos están comiendo

• Remember: NEVER USE SER!! ALWAYS ESTAR!

Affirmative Tú Commands

• Take the third person singular conjugation for the present tense

• EX: Tyler, finish your homework Tyler, termina tu tarea. • Irregular: hacer and poner

Preterite

Yo-É

Nosotros-AMOS

Tú-ASTE

Él/Ella/Usted-Ó

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes-ARON

Used to describe actions that occurred one time in the past, or that had a definite beginning and end period

AR VERBS!

PRETERITE

Yo-ĺ

Nosotros-IMOS

Tú-ISTE

Él/Ella/Usted-IÓ

Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes-IERON

ER/IR

Key words • The following words are words that trigger the preterite:

– Anoche: last night– El año pasado: last year– La semana pasada: last week

• Any period of time + pasado= last _________– Day of the week (use def article)– Month (use def article)

– Ayer: yesterday– Anteayer: the day before yesterday– Hace + (time expression): _________ago

• Hace tres años: three years ago• Hace cuatro meses: four months ago

– Una vez: one time – De repente: suddenly– Un día: one day– Una noche: one night

Trigger Words• a menudo: often *todas las semanas: every week• a veces: sometimes *todos los días: every day• cada día: every day *varias veces: several times• cada año: every year

– Cada + period of time= every _______• con frecuencia: frequently • de vez en cuando: every once in awhile• Frecuentemente: frequently • Generalmente: generally• muchas veces: a lot of times• Nunca: never• por un rato: for awhile• Siempre: always

ABA ÁBAMOS

ABAS

ABA ABAN

ÍA ÍAMOS

ÍAS

ÍA ÍAN

DOP’s

• Replace the direct object of the sentence with the DOP– Must agree in gender and number and replace the

DO and all adjectives with it– Put IOP BEFORE conjugated verb • If you have 2 verbs you can attach it to the infintive

– Lo/La/Los/Las (it/them)

IOP

• Correspond with the IO of the sentence– Must agree in number– IO always comes after the “A”– Put IOP BEFORE conjugated verb• If you have 2 verbs you can attach it to the infinitive

– Me/Te/Le/Nos/les (to or for: me, you, he/she/you (formal), us, them(y’all)

The Present Perfect

• The present perfect is used to describe something that has been done. – We have played tennis. – You have watched the movie.– I have recycled the cans.

• You form the present perfect by:– Conjugating “haber” in present tense– Taking the past participle of the verb

Haber

He HemosHasHa Han

Past Participle

• Ar verbs:– Drop “AR” add “ado”

• ER/IR verbs:– Drop “ER/IR” add “ido”

• Accents:– Caído– Leído– Traído– Oído

• If it the verb has two vowels together you put an accent on the “I”

Irregular• Decirdicho• Devolverdevuelto• Escribirescrito• Hacerhecho• Morirmuerto• Ponerpuesto• Romperroto• Vervisto• Volvervuelto

• Exs:– I have finished my homework. – Yo he terminado mi tarea– We have watched that movie. – Nosotros hemos visto esa película