Sonderforschungsbereich “Mehrsprachigkeit”...
Transcript of Sonderforschungsbereich “Mehrsprachigkeit”...
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Sonderforschungsbereich “Mehrsprachigkeit”Universität Hamburg
26 July 2007
The perception of lexical stress in L1and L2: methods and results
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de FilologiaEspanyola, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Sonderforschungsbereich “Mehrsprachigkeit”Universität Hamburg
26 July 2007
http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/
applied_linguistics/Hamburg_07/
Hamburg_07.html
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1 andL2: methods and results
Iolanda Alfano, RenataSavy
Dipartimento di StudiLinguistici e Letterari,Università degli studi diSalerno
Joaquim Llisterri, María J.Machuca, Carme de laMota, Montserrat Riera,Antonio Ríos
Grup de Fonètica,Departament de FilologiaEspanyola, UniversitatAutònoma de Barcelona
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1 andL2: methods and results
Speech perception in a second language
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and Italian
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
Final remarks
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1 andL2: methods and results
Speech perception in a second languageThe phonetic correlates of lexical stressThe perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and ItalianThe perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and ItalianFinal remarks
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Speech perception in a second language
• Several models have attempted to explainspeech perception and production in asecond language
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
SLM, Speech Learning Model
FLEGE, J.E. (1995) "Second-language speech learning:Theory, findings and problems", in STRANGE, W.(Ed.) Speech Perception and Linguistic Experience:
Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Cross-
Language Speech Research. Timonium, MD: YorkPress Inc. pp. 233-272.
FLEGE, J.E.- SCHIRRU, C.- MacKAY, I.R.A. (2003)"Interaction between the native and second languagephonetic subsystems", Speech Communication 40, 4:467-491.
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
SLM, Speech Learning Model
• Interlingual identification
• L2 sounds are erroneously assimilatedto L1 sounds
• Phonetic similarity
• Transfer from L1
• Similarities in spelling
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
SLM, Speech Learning Model
• Category formation and equivalenceclassification
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
SLM, Speech Learning Model
“foreign accent [...] may instead result from thedevelopment of the L1 phonetic system, whichmakes it increasingly unlikely that similarsounds in an L2 will evade being equated withsounds in L1”
FLEGE, J.E. (1991) "Perception and Production: The Relevance ofPhonetic Input to L2 Phonological Learning”, in Hueber, T.-
Ferguson, C. (Eds.) Crosscurrents in Second Language Acquisition
and Linguistic Theories. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. p. 285
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Speech perception in a second language
• PAM, Perceptual Assimilation ModelBEST, C.T. (1995) "A direct realist view of cross-language speech perception", in STRANGE, W. (Ed.)Speech Perception and Linguistic Experience:
Theoretical and Methodological Issues in Cross-
Language Speech Research. Timonium, MD: YorkPress Inc. pp. 171-206.
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Speech perception in a second language
• NLM, Native Language Magnet ModelIVERSON, P.- KUHL, P.K.- AKAHANE-YAMADA,R.- DIESCH, E.- TOHKURA, Y.- KETTERMAN, A.-SIEBERT, C. (2003) "A perceptual interferenceaccount of acquisition difficulties for non-nativephonemes", Cognition 87: B47-B57.http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/ratree/lin6932_4514/readinglist/Iverson%2003.pdf
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Speech perception in a second language
• SLM, PAM, NLM… seem to be based onthe notion of “category”
• Categorization in L1 inhibits theformation of new categories in L2
• Difficulties in perception
“Phonological deafness”
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Speech perception in a second language
“Les phonèmes et les autres représentations phonologiquesélémentaires de notre langue maternelle (...) se trouvent si étroitementliés avec notre activité perceptive que, même en percevant des mots(ou phrases) d'une langue avec un système phonologique toutdifférent, nous sommes enclins à décomposer ces mots en desreprésentations phonologiques propres à notre langue maternelle. Enentendant un mot inconnu étranger (...) nous tâchons d'y retrouverun complexe de nos représentations phonologiques, de le décomposeren des phonèmes propres à notre langue maternelle, et même enconformité avec nos lois de groupement des phonèmes”
POLIVANOV, E. (1931) “La perception des sons d'une langue étrangère” Travaux duCercle Linguistique de Prague 4; in Le Cercle de Prague (Change, 3) Paris, 1969. pp.
111-14.
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Speech perception in a second language
“El sistema fonológico de una lengua es comparable a unacriba a través de la cual pasa todo lo que se dice (…) Laspersonas se apropian del sistema de su lengua materna ycuando oyen hablar otra lengua empleaninvoluntariamente para el análisis de lo que oyen la“criba” fonológica que les es habitual, es decir, la de sulengua materna. Pero como esta “criba” no se adapta a lalengua extranjera, surgen numerosos errores eincomprensiones.”
TROUBETZKOY, N.S. (1939) “Grundzüge der Phonologie”, Travaux du CercleLinguistique de Prague. Trad. Cast. de D. García Giordano en colaboración con L.J.
Prieto: Principios de Fonología. Madrid: Cincel, 1973 [II: Falsa apreciación de losfonemas de una lengua extranjera]
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Speech perception in a second language
“[…] listeners use a processing apparatus specifically tuned to theirmaternal language. Consequently, they have a lot of difficulty indealing with sound structures that are alien to the language theyheard as infants. They display what we call phonological ‘deafnesses’;that is, they have troubles discriminating phonological contrasts thatare not used in their native language. Moreover, the phonological‘deafnesses’ are robust, in that - analogously to patterns of foreignaccent in production - they are resistant to learning a secondlanguage, and even to specific training. We hypothesize thatphonological ‘deafnesses’ originate in the acquisition during the firstfew years of life.”
DUPOUX, E. - PEPERKAMP, S. (2002) "Fossil markers of language development: phonologicaldeafnesses in adult speech processing", in LAKS, B.- DURAND, J. (Eds.) Phonetics, Phonology, and
Cognition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 168-190.http://www.lscp.net/persons/dupoux/papers/Dupoux_Peperkamp_2002_Fossil_
markers_phonological_deafness.In_Royaumont_OUP.pdf
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1 andL2: methods and results
Speech perception in a second languageThe phonetic correlates of lexical stressThe perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and ItalianThe perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and ItalianFinal remarks
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Stress can be conceived as a prominenceor salience
• Three physical parameters in the soundwave
• Time
• Frequency
• Intensity/Energy
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Prominence is achieved by changes orcontrasts in the values of the physicalparameters
• Time: length
• Frequency (F0): pitch
• Intensity/energy: loudness
• Frequency (formants): quality
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• There is not always a perfect correlationbetween stress and an increase in thevalues of the physical parameters
• Stress shift or peak displacement insentences
• The F0 peak is displaced to the right ofthe lexically stressed syllable
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
GARRIDO, J. M.- LLISTERRI, J.- de la MOTA, C.- RÍOS, A. (1993) "Prosodic differences inreading style: Isolated vs. Contextualized Sentences", in Eurospeech'93. 3rd European Conference
on Speech Communication and Technology. Berlin, 21-23 September 1993. Vol. 1, pp. 573-576.http://liceu.uab.es/~joaquim/publicacions/Berlin_93/berlin_93.html
• Readparagraphs
• 5 speakers
• 100sentences
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Which are the modifications in the valuesof the physical parameters which areneeded to perceive a syllable in a word asstressed?
• Experimental procedure based onanalysis, manipulation and resynthesisusing Praat PSOLA algorithm
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Analysis of a corpus
• Fundamental frequency (F0)
n u 'm e R o
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Analysis of a corpus
• Intensity
n u 'm e R o
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Analysis of a corpus
• Duration
• Mean vowel duration
Average values for each vowel in 10repetitions of each word studied
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Creation of basic stimuli for a perceptualtest
• Replacement of the actual values foundin the a token of the word in the corpusby the averaged values over 10repetitions by the same speaker
• Manipulation with Praat
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Fundamental frequency (F0)
n u 'm e
o
n u 'm e
Ro
R
Actual values
Averaged values
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Duration
n u 'm e o
n u 'm e o
Actual values
Averaged values
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Intensity
l i 'm i t e
Actual values
Averaged values
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Creation of stimuli with changes in the valuesof the parameters
• The values for each vowel of aproparoxytone word are replaced by thevalues for each vowel of a paroxytone word
• The values for each vowel of a paroxytoneword are replaced by the values of eachvowel of an oxytone word
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• For each stimulus the following changesare made
• Only F0, only duration or only intensity
• F0 and duration, F0 and intensity orduration and intensity
• F0, duration and intensitysimultaneously
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Fundamental frequency (F0)“número” with values taken from “numero”“numero” with values taken from “numeró”
• Duration“número” with values taken from “numero”“numero” with values taken from “numeró”
• Intensity“número” with values taken from “numero”“numero” with values taken from “numeró”
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
“válido” with original F0 values
“válido” with F0 values from “valido”
b a l i o
b a l i o
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
“valido” with original F0 values
“valido” with F0 values from “validó”
b a l i o
b a l i o
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Fundamental frequency (F0) andintensity“número” with values taken from “numero”
“numero” with values taken from “numeró”
• Fundamental frequency (F0) andduration“número” with values taken from “numero”
“numero” with values taken from “numeró”
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The phonetic correlates of lexical stress
• Duration and intensity“número” with values taken from “numero”“numero” with values taken from “numeró”
• Fundamental frequency (F0), durationand intensity“número” with values taken from “numero”“numero” with values taken from “numeró”
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1 andL2: methods and results
Speech perception in a second languageThe phonetic correlates of lexical stressThe perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and ItalianThe perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and ItalianFinal remarks
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and Italian
SpanishLLISTERRI, J.- MACHUCA, M.J.- de la MOTA, C.- RIERA, M.- RÍOS, A. (2003)"The Perception of Lexical Stress in Spanish", in Proceedings of the 15thInternational Congress of Phonetic Sciences. Barcelona, 3-9 August 2003. pp. 2023-2026.http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Llisterri_Machuca_Mota_Riera_Rios_03_Perception_Stress_Spanish.pdf
LLISTERRI, J.- MACHUCA, M. J.- de la MOTA, C.- RIERA, M.- RÍOS, A. (2005)"La percepción del acento léxico en español", in Filología y lingüística. Estudiosofrecidos a Antonio Quilis. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia - Universidad de Valladolid. Vol.1. pp. 271-297.http://liceu.uab.es/~joaquim/publicacions/Llisterri_Machuca_Mota_Riera_Rios_05_Percepcion_Acento_Espanol.pdf
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish
• 30 Spanish speaking subjects (aged 18-45)
• Tests carried out in a languagelaboratory with individual earphones
• Previous training with stimuli notincluded in the test
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish
• Task 1: Identification of the stressed syllable inan isolated word
• 336 words
• 168 meaningful words and 168 nonsensewords
• 40 stimuli for each condition
• 56 control stimuli
• 10.088 answers
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish
• Task 2: Comparison of paired words (same-different)
• 280 pairs
• 140 with meaningful words and 140nonsense words
• 36 pairs for each condition
• 28 control pairs
• 8.400 answers
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish
• Task 1
• Modification of a single parameter
• Modification of two parameters incombination
• Simultaneous modification of the threeparameters
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish
• Cases in which the only F0 contour, only theintensity contour or only duration values havebeen replaced trying to displace the perceptionof the prominence to the right
the syllable originally bearing the lexicalstress is identified as the stressed one bylisteners
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish
• When the values of the F0 contour are changedtogether with the values of the other twoparameters –duration or intensity–
listeners identify the syllable aligned with theF0 peak as stressed
• If F0 is not taken into account in thecombination
the syllable with original lexical stress is theone perceived as stressed by the listeners
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish
• The F0 contour alone is not sufficient toinduce the identification of the syllablealigned with the F0 peak as stressed if theother two parameters are not modified
• F0 is an essential acoustic cue incombination with duration, intensity orboth duration and intensity
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Italian
ItalianALFANO, I. (2005) La percezione dell'accento lessicale: un esperimentosull'italiano a confronto con lo spagnolo. Tesi di laurea in LinguisticaGenerale. Facoltà di Lingue e Letterature Straniere. Università degliStudi di Salerno.ALFANO, I. (2005) "La percezione dell'accento lessicale: un testsull'italiano a confronto con lo spagnolo", in SAVY, R.- CROCCO, C.(Ed.) AISV 2005. 2o Convegno Nazionale "Analisi prosodica: teorie,modelli e sistemi di annotazione". Associazione Italiana di Scienze dellaVoce, Salerno, 30 Novembre - 2 Dicembre 2005.http://www.parlaritaliano.it/aisv2005/papers/Percezione_Apprendimento/Alfano.pdf
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Italian
• Manipulation of two parameters
• Fundamental frequency (F0)
• Duration
• Pairs of accentual contrasts were alsoused due to lack of triplets (“legami -legami”)
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Italian
• 27 Italian speaking subjects (aged 20-30)
• Tests carried out with individualearphones and laptop
• Specific software for presentation ofstimuli and data collection
• Previous training with stimuli notincluded in the test
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Italian
• Task 1: Identification of the stressed syllable inan isolated word
• 123 words
• meaningful words and nonsense words
• 26 stimuli for each condition
• 45 control stimuli
• 3.321 answers
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Italian
• Task 2: Comparison of paired words (same-different)
• 291 pairs
• with meaningful words and nonsense words
• control pairs
• 7.857 answers
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Italian
• Task 1
• Modification of a single parameter
• Modification of two parameters incombination
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Italian
• Modifications only in fundamentalfrequency (F0)
do not seem to induce changes in theidentification of the lexically stressedsyllable
• Modifications only in durationpartially affect the identification of thelexically stressed syllable
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Italian
Proparoxytones with paroxytone values
• Modification only in F0: 3,7% identifiedas paroxytones
• Modification only in duration: 61,7%identified as paroxytones
• Combined modification of duration andF0: 90,8% identified as paroxytones
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and Italian
Spanish and Italian
• Same acoustic correlates
• Different role in each language
• F0 needed in combination with anotherparameter in Spanish
• Duration needed in combination withanother parameter in Italian
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and Italian
• Spanish and Italian
• Free stress languages
• Paroxytones are the most frequent categoryamong polysyllabic words
• CV is the most frequent syllabic pattern
• Tendency to isosyllabicity
• Tendency to find F0 peak displacement
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1 andL2: methods and results
Speech perception in a second languageThe phonetic correlates of lexical stressThe perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and ItalianThe perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and ItalianFinal remarks
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
• “Stress deafness” has been shown for French(stress-fixed language) speakers listening toSpanish (stress-free language) wordsMORA, E. - COURTOIS, F. - CAVÉ, C. (1997) "Étude comparative de laperception par des sujets francophones et hispanophones de l'accent lexical enespagnol", Revue PArole 1: 75-85.PEPERKAMP, S. - DUPOUX, E. - SEBASTIÁN-GALLÉS, N. (1999) "Perceptionof stress by French, Spanish and bilingual subjects", in Eurospeech'99. 6thEuropean Conference on Speech Communication and Technology. September 5-9,1999, Budapest, Hungary. Vol. 6, pp. 2683-2686.http://www.lscp.net/persons/dupoux/papers/Peperkamp_DS-G_1999_Perception_stress_french_spanish_bilinguals.In_Eurospeech.pdf
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
• Spanish subjects listening to ItalianstimuliALFANO, I. - LLISTERRI, J. - SAVY, R. (2007) "The perceptionof Italian and Spanish lexical stress: A first cross-linguistic study",in Proceedings of the 16th International Congress of Phonetic
Sciences. Saarbrücken, 6-10 August 2007.http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/publicacions/Alfano_Llisterri_Savy_07_Perception_Stress_Spanish_Italian.pdf
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
• Italian meaningful and nonsense wordswhich are not similar to Spanish onestaken from Alfano (2005)
• Manipulation of F0 and duration
• Test administered individually at UABthrough earphones and with special datapresentation and collection software
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
• 30 Spanish speaking subjects (aged 19-22)• Group a: had been studying Italian for 5 to 9
months• Group b: had never studied Italian, but knew
some Italian: travels to Italy, relationships withItalians, listening to Italian music…
• Group c: had never studied Italian and hadnever had any kind of contact with thelanguage
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
• Task 1: Identification of the stressed syllable inan isolated word
• 55 words
• Task 2: Comparison of paired words (same-different)
• 129 pairs
• Total: 5.520 answers
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
Manipulation of F0
• Proparoxytone with paroxytone values
Identified as paroxytone in percentagesreaching the 10% of the cases
• Paroxytone with oxytone values
Perceived as oxytone in percentagesranging from 30 to 43,3% of the cases
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
Manipulation of duration
• Proparoxytones with paroxytone values
Identified as paroxytone in percentagesreaching the 50% of the cases
• Paroxytones with oxytone values
Perceived as oxytone in percentagesranging from 40 to 66,7% of the cases
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Modifications in durationSpanish vs. Italian stimuli with Spanishspeaking subjects
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
• Spanish subjects seem to exhibit atendency to have a more similarbehaviour to Italian subjects listening toItalian words than Spanish subjectsexposed to Spanish items
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
• Proparoxytone words with paroxytone values
Subjects do not perceive the manipulation of F0
They seem quite sensitive to the manipulation ofduration
• Paroxytone words with oxytone values
The role of F0 seems to be less clear
Serious difficulties appear in the case of changes induration
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
Factors to be considered in more detail• Acoustic analysis of duration and the effect on
stimuli with oxytone values• Prepausal (final) stressed vowels
• 42,3% longer than word internal ones inSpanish
• 7,8% shorter than word internal ones inItalian
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
Factors to be considered in more detail• Difficulties in the identification of words
as oxytone in L1• Duration might be more relevant for
paroxytone words than for oxytoneones
• Dependencies between perceptual cuesand stress patterns
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
Factors to be considered in more detail
• Role of lexical knowledge
• Differences between groups a, b and cseem to be more marked in nonsensewords than in meaningful words
• Different reliance on acoustic cues oron lexical knowledge
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and Italian
• Italian subjects listening to SpanishstimuliNext step in the project…
• Reaction time measurementsIn preparation, in collaboration with OlgaSoler, Departament de Psicologia Bàsica,Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1 andL2: methods and results
Speech perception in a second languageThe phonetic correlates of lexical stressThe perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and ItalianThe perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and ItalianFinal remarks
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Final remarks
• A methodology allowing the study of the role ofacoustic correlates in the perception of lexicalstress has been developed
• Natural stimuli (vs. fully synthesized)
• Consideration of the prosodic pattern of thewhole word
• Only applied to words in isolation so far
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Final remarks
• Different roles of the same acousticparameters has been established for twoclosely related languages
• F0 needed in combination with anotherparameter in Spanish
• Duration needed in combination withanother parameter in Italian
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Final remarks
• The performance of non-native subjectsappears to be influenced• by their native language• by the acoustic features of the signal
• Attested lack of coherence in the stressjudgements which can be related toconflicting cues
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
The perception of lexical stress in L1 andL2: methods and results
Speech perception in a second languageThe phonetic correlates of lexical stressThe perception of lexical stress in L1:Spanish and ItalianThe perception of lexical stress in L2:Spanish and ItalianFinal remarks
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Sonderforschungsbereich “Mehrsprachigkeit”Universität Hamburg
27 July 2007
http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/
applied_linguistics/Hamburg_07/
Hamburg_07.html
Joaquim LlisterriGrup de Fonètica, Departament de Filologia Espanyola
Vielen Dank!
http://liceu.uab.cat/~joaquim/
applied_linguistics/Hamburg_07/
Hamburg_07.html