© Fraunhofer IKTS

Solarvalley Central Germany and RenewableEnergies and Energy-Efficiency Systems at Fraunhofer IKTS

Prof. Dr. A. Michaelis, Dr. I. Kinski

Dresden, Germany, IKTS

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 2

Solarvalley Central Germany –Technological advance by regional collaboration

Leipzig

Frankfurt

Stuttgart

Munich

Hamburg

Düsseldorf

Berlin

Dresden

Germany

Frankfurt

19

20

2428

312317

14

09

18 49

2659

582105 15

40 01

54

08 1507 40 29 252713 09 52 11

Leipzig22 37 1638

36 10 12 43 03

4756

3035 42 04

33

50

46 57 48 4155

39 45 19 5153

34

440232

Source: Invest in Germany Research 2008, EuPD 2008, Photon 2008

Silicon

Wafer

Solar cells

Modules

Fully integrated

Thin film

CPV

65% PV companies located in Central Germany

Research, development, production

18% of worldwide solar cell production

4 companies listed in world top 10

8500 direct employees in PV industry

growth rate of companies > 30%

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 3

Innovation strategyCooperation along the entire PV value chainConcept of development from fundamental research to innovative application

27 Global operating companies7 Renowned Research Institutes4 Universities3 Federal states

Solar Energy –Crucial factor on the energy market

Thin film Si technology

Crystalline Si technology

Glass Coating Module

Silicon Crystallization Wafer Cell Module

Integrationinto

buildings

Systemtechnology

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 4

Matched R&D program for the entire value chain:Cost reduction for components efficiency increase in this model

Integral modern education concept for photovoltaics:Competence center for vocational and professional training

New Bachelor- and Master program, foundation professorship

Development of a state-connecting network:Solarvalley Central Germany e.V. with regional offices in

Dresden, Erfurt and Halle

International

leading

PV cluster

Acceleration of Innovations –Integral concept throughout cluster of excellence solarvalley

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 5

Definition, preselectiontechnology, supplier

Optimizationprocess, products

Startmass production

new solar systems

Milestones 2011Materials cost reduction > 30%Efficiency crystalline solar cell > 20 % (equates with 25% increase)Thin film > 10 % (equates with 30% increase)Reliability and module warranty ≥ 30 years (equates with 20% increase)

Political conditions in Thuringia10 million € R&D joint projectsSolarZentrum Erfurt as additional institute of TU IlmenauCenter of Spectroscopy at IMN IlmenauFocus on thin film at IPHT

Electricity for future generations –Technology and products leading to net parity

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 6

Expansion of varietyState-cooperating

integraleducational program

Qualification for expertsand management

Future-assured jobsin Central Germany

Milestones 2011Professional qualification: 5.000 skilled workers

Recruiting of experts outside of Central Germany: 2000

Network of academic education (Bachelor, Master): 400 graduations / year

Doctor‘s degree: 40 graduations / year

National and international partner

Economic growth by vocational and professional training –new jobs

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 7

Expansion ofcluster of excellence

Implementation ofstates and industry into

the network

Interregional collaboration Globalization

Milestones 2011PV communication platform, monitoring of success of the innovation processNew PV applicationsCross-linked research infrastructureSet-up and establishment for suppliers, allocation of areas for building development

High-Tech in Central Germany –Region for PV with high attractiveness for economy & society

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 8

Fraunhofer – Institute forCeramic Technologies and Systems IKTS Dresden

www.ikts.fraunhofer.de

Regular staff: 218

Student workers: 47

Total budget: € 20.8 million

Industrial revenues: 41.3 %

Public research revenues: 38.9 %

Core financing: 20.6 %

Area: 102 laboratories and pilot plants of approx. 9400 m2

Institute director: Prof. Dr. Alexander Michaelis

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 9

Profile of Fraunhofer IKTS – Business Units

Materials

Process/Components

Micro and Energy Systems

Smart Materials and Systems

Sintering /Characterization

Environmental ProcessingTechnology

Structural Ceramics Functional Ceramics

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 10

Renewable Energy at IKTS

Research Activities:

Development of Materials and Processes for PV application

System solution for efficient biogas production

SOFC: from mW to kW application

Development of small fuel cell systems (SOFC, PEM)

Membrane and Filter Technology (Diesel Particulate Filter)

TEG (Thermoelectric Generators)

„energy harvesting“ (Piezoceramics)

Battery Technology (Li-Ion)

Force transducer for small, dynamical forces

Filter segment with specific filter design

Ceramic fuel cell stack

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 11

IKTS – SOFC SystemsCompetency on entire production line

Materials (raw materials: Sintered ceramics)

Membrane ElectrodeAssembly

StackSystem(Reformer [H2+CO],stack and burner)

over 20 Patents> 30 Industrial projects since 1992Take-over of planary SOFC technology of Siemens AG in 1998

From materials to systems – From laboratory scale to small batches

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 12

IKTS – LTCC-based micro fuel cell charging station

Mobile Phones

PDALaptops

CamcordersCameras

From materials to systems – From laboratory scale to small batches

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 13

Micro and energy systems

Smart materials and systems

2 Tape casting, screen printing

1 Pastes / thick film technology

3 Stacking 4 Lamination / co-firing

IKTS – Functional materials

From materials to systems – From laboratory scale to small batches

© Fraunhofer IKTS

1 0.1 0.6

30 µm

IKTS – Photovoltaics: Metallization

Si substrate

Hot-Melt Ink-Jet Fine linescreen printing

Aerosol printing(5-fold print)

2 µm 15 µm

30 µm 20 µm 25 µm

5 µm

30 µm

AR

From materials to systems – From laboratory scale to small batches

0.1

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 15

IKTS – Photovoltaics: processing and characterization

BTU firing furnace

IR firing furnacecontinous line

Automated 2x4 point probe for resistivitymeasurements

Solar simulator

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 16

IKTS – Material development – battery production

Powder – suspension - pasteMaterials for CathodesLi-Mn-Co-Ni Oxides

Development and production of pastes foranodes and cathodes

Ceramic membrane materials

Functionality, stability, processing

From materials to systems – From laboratory scale to small batches

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 17

IKTS – Renewable energy generation: biogas production

Development of methods and systems for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants

Successive utilization of organicsubstances for energy production byspecial educt treatments

Fermentation of biogenous remnants(straw)

Efficiency improvementof plants biogas

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 18

IKTS – Renewable energy generation: from biomass to heatand electrical power

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 19

IKTS – High-end characterization methods

Powder characterization (PSD, BET, Zeta-Potential)XRD (Hot-Stage-XRD)Simultanous thermal analysis (DTA/TG/MS) Impedance spectroscopy (in situ)Rheological characterizationChemical stabilityFTIR / Raman spectroscopy (in situ)FESEM coupled with EDX equipped with FIBUltrasonic microscopeComputed tomographyEllipsometryReflectometry

© Fraunhofer IKTS

Slide 20

SummarySolarvalley e.V. business office Dresden: EESA and Fraunhofer IKTS

Renewable energy research projects at Fraunhofer IKTS

Development of materials and processes for PV application

System solution for efficient biogas production

SOFC: from mW to kW application

Development of small fuel cell systems (SOFC, PEM)

Membrane and filter technology (Diesel particulate filter)

TEG (Thermoelectric generators)

„energy harvesting“ (Piezoceramics)

Battery technology (Li-Ion)