Solar Energy - P.5 Biogas – P.10 Nuclear Power – P.15.
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Transcript of Solar Energy - P.5 Biogas – P.10 Nuclear Power – P.15.
Defining of Alternative fuels
• Any materials/substances can be used as a fuel
Include • Biodiesel• Bioalcohol
Eg:Ethanol, Butanol• Batteries and Fuel cells etc.• Hydrogen• Non-fossil methane• Non-fossil natural gas• Vegetable oil • Other biomass sources.
Renewable Energy
• A energy source amount that can be produced at a faster rate than our using rate
• For example,
Solar energy and Nuclear energy are two different kinds of renewable energy
Importance of Renewable energy
• Unlimited supply
• Preventing energy resources deficiently
• Environmentally friendly
Solar energy
• Technology of obtaining usable energy from the sun lightUse lots of mirrors to reflect the rays onto a boiler
then the water in the boiler heats up to
become steam that turns the turbine
• Collect by solar panels
• Most common uses in daily
Solar panels
Common uses
• Domestic use• Supply heat or hot water• Desalination of seawater• Air-conditioning
• Generate electricity1. Greenhouse energy supply
2. Solar energy calculating machine
3. Solar transportation
• Space exploreAn Earth observation satellite
International
• Solar Cities initiativeAustralia carry out this cause more than 4 city to be Solar City
• The first Europe solar factory Spain built it in Seville on 30 March,2007
• Rising the sum of Solar energyCalifornia increase the maximum of generate solar energy
Pros & Cons of Solar energy
• Easy to collect
• Manifold Using
• No by-product
• Secure
• Expensive to build panels
• Seasonal
Can’t work in dim light condition
Biogas
• Refers to a gas produced by the 1. Anaerobic digestion
2. Fermentation of organic matter
manure
sewage sludge
municipal solid waste
biodegradable waste
• Containing Methane
Produce of Biogas
• Mainly production is anaerobic digestion for treating biodegradable waste Valuable fuel can be produced while destroying pathogens and
reducing the volume of wastes
Anaerobic digestion component
Methane
• Molecular formula CH4
• Not toxic• Highly flammable• May form explosive mixtures with air• Greenhouse gas with a greater global warming potential than CO2
• Attractive fuel1. Methane's relative abundance
2. Clean burning process
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O
Pros & Cons of Biogas
• Reduce the volume of wastes
• CheapestJust reuse wastes
• DangerousForms explosive mixtures
• Will cause
global warmingMethane is Greenhouse gas
Nuclear Power
• Nuclear power is energy released from the atomic nucleus
• Mainly uses Uranium-235 or Plutonium-239
• A Controversial energy
• As of 2004,nuclear power provided 6.5% of the world's energy and 15.7% of the world's electricity
How to produce electricity!?
1. Nuclear fuels break down in a controlled way to generate Heat
2. The heat is used to boil water to steam
3. The steam drives the turbine
4. Turbine produces electricity
Producing electricity
Common uses
• Mainly for generation of electricity
• Heavy-duty weapons use it for power source
• Additional, hydrogen production
by generation of electricity
Factory
Why Nuclear energy cannot replace fossil fuel?
• Expensive to construct & run a nuclear power station
• The purpose of petroleum is wider
• The required technique level is higher
• Safer for using fossil fuel1. Accidents will destroy the environment
2. Effect the surrounding population’s health
3. The wastes are radioactive
• The waste heat of produce Nuclear power
is difficult to reduce
The Nuclear Fuel Cycle
Argument of using Nuclear power!?
• The accident of nuclear power station is serious Such as the Chernobyl disaster
• May be controlled by careerist to develop nuclear weapon
1. nuclear warhead2. nuclear-armed missile
• Environmental impacts of nuclear power are damaged by
1. Uranium mining which is radioactive effluent emission2. waste heat.
Pros & Cons of nuclear power
• Can reduce global warming when produce a great amount of energy
• Very expensive• The wastes are
harmful • Is serious that the
nuclear plant have any accidents
The useful energy in future
• We think Biogas is the most suitable in future- Come from nature
- Can be produced a lot by populations raising
- Repayment is the greatest
- Completely absorb the methane by technique arise
- Area of wastes occupied will decrease
Disadvantage of develop alternative fuels
• Excess resources for testing and producing station
• Less range of uses than petroleum
• Efficiency is low
• Usually, need a lot of technology to support
• Some are dangerous to produce or
• Difficult to handle( Methane )