SOFIA Instrument Workshop II Summary · 2020. 7. 30. · SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27,...
Transcript of SOFIA Instrument Workshop II Summary · 2020. 7. 30. · SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27,...
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
SOFIA Instrument Workshop IISummary
Erick YoungUSRA, Principal Scientist, Astronomy
Former SMO Director
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Main Workshop Themes• Detectors
– Direct Detection• Hailey-Dunsheath – KIDs
– Kilopixel arrays are being built– Yields are good for fabrication but tuning of pixels still a challenge
• Staguhn – TES Bolometers– Well demonstrated technology– MUX development a challenge
• Pipher – HgCdTe Mid IR Arrays– HgCdTe demonstrated to 16.7 µm by Teledyne– No good solutions to 28 – 50 µm regime, although reviving Si:Sb BIB detectors
are a possibility if SPICA support materializes• Glenn – Mid IR KIDs
– Working on pushing to shorter wavelengths
2
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Growth in Astronomical Sensors
3
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Large MKID Arrays are Flying
4
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Main Workshop Themes• Detectors
– Heterodyne• Goldsmith, Graf, Walker – Heterodyne Arrays
– Significant advances in key components» Multi-pixel mixers» LO Sources» Spectrometers
• Lara-Avila – Graphene Mixers– Interesting technology amenable to making arrays– Potentially lower noise than HEBs
5
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Sub-mm Components
6
CSO Mixer @ 492GHz(1990)
4 pixel AST/RO array @ 810GHz (2000)
SuperCam 8x8 Array @ 350 GHz
(2010)
SHARP Prototype: 2 THz Stacked Linear Arrays
100mm30mm
4.7 THz QCL Local Oscilliator (MIT)
Widely tunable LO Source (J. Siles, JPL)
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Epitaxial Growth of Graphene on SiC
7
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Main Workshop Themes - II• Building on what we already have
– Kutyrev – HIRMES• Fulfills key SOFIA science needs• Much of instrument is in very good shape• Detectors are the tall pole in realizing HIRMES
– Smith – SOFIA Common Dewar• Goal is to simplify qualification process for new instrument
8
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
HIRMES
9
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
SOFIA Common Dewar
10
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Main Workshop Themes - II• Building on what we already have
– Looney – FIFI-LS• Replace detectors with 77x44 pixel KID arrays• Major cryogenic complication: 1.8 K → less than 250 mK
– Dowell – HAWC• Room for significant increase in mapping capability• Dual polarization KID arrays possibility (for example, BLAST-TNG)
– Person – FPI+• Occultations are a unique SOFIA capability – potentially 100’s of targets in
next 5 years• Add IR channel to existing FPI+ using commercially available camera• GAIA and soon LSST should greatly reduce astrometry complications
– Klein – GREAT• Most promising upgrade would be second 7-pixel array for HFA• Mass, power, and volume constraints in current instrument limit other
possible upgrades
11
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020 12
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Main Workshop Themes - III• New Instrument Concepts
– Packham – SOFIA Mid-IR Polarimeter• Good synergy with polarization capabilities on HAWC+• Detectors are the main concern
– Richter – Immersion Grating Spectrograph Concept• Full coverage 3 – 8 µm with R~25,000 (red) and ~40,000 (blue)• Immersion gratings would reduce size of spectrometer by 4X
– Goyette – Sub-mm Spectrometer for 500-600 GHz• Current technology could provide 50 K Tn or ~3x better than 4GREAT
– Goldsmith, Graf, Walker, Klein – Large Heterodyne Instrument• Very large arrays are technically possible now
– Time and $$$$– Formats as large as ~128 pixels (Goldsmith, Graf) to 103 (Walker)
13
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Immersion Grating Spectrometer
14
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
15’’ pixels
[CII]
[OI]SOFIA Focal Plane~8 arcminutes
Lots of Room for Growth on SOFIA
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
100+ Pixel Array
16
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Main Workshop Themes IV• How can we make it happen?
– Jackson – SOFIA Roadmap• Desirable to have regular instrument calls• Instruments need to be community and science based
– Knezek – Funding Opportunities• NASA HQ wants to know what the community thinks is most important
and will try to work to make it happen.– Greenhouse – Strategy for Roadmap
• Should gear SOFIA program to Legacy programs (up to 95%)• Consider using Pioneer Program for solicitation of new instruments
– $20M cost cap– 7120.8 management structure
17
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
Possible Timeline
18
Jackson, Option 1
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020
My Takeaways• Need to support detector development
– Only astrophysics will support progress in Far IR and sub-mm sensors
• Many opportunities in enhancing scientific productivity ofSOFIA– But somehow, we need to take advantage of the fact the SOFIA
returns every night• Relaxed reliability, documentation, and qualification requirements
• People need realism in instrumentation development times– Even ”simple” instrument upgrades can take 1-2 years– New instruments will need 5+ years
19
SOFIA Instrumentation Workshop II July 27, 2020