SOFIA –Status and Contextmmacgreg/FIR_SIG/documents/SOFIA_… · FIRSIG-OST Splinter January 6,...

FIRSIG-OSTSplinterJanuary6,2017

SOFIA– StatusandContext

ErickYoungSOFIAScienceCenter


ScientificRationaleforSOFIA

• ThescientificrationalesforSOFIAandtheOriginsSpaceTelescopesharethesamefoundation.

• Mostoftheluminosityofstarformationregions,externalgalaxies,andcoolerobjectsintheuniverseisinfar-IRandSub-mmdustemission

• ThemostimportantemissionlinesresponsiblefortheenergybalanceoftheInterstellarMediumareinthefar-infrared

ThespectralenergydistributionoftheentireLMC,basedondatafromSpitzer,IRASandFIRAS(Bernardetal.2008).SEDSarefittedwiththedustyPDRmodelofGallianoetal.(2008).FigurecourtesyofGalliano.


SOFIAStratosphericObservatoryforInfraredAstronomy

• CollaborationbetweenNASAandDLR• Highlymodified747-SPaircraftwitha2.7-mtelescope• Fliesupto13.7km(45,000feet),above99.9%ofthewatervaporinthe

atmosphere• Suiteofinfraredimagersandspectrometers• Providesaccesstotheinfraredtotheworldwideastronomicalcommunity 3


SOFIAInstrumentComplementInstrument Description Coverage

EXES(Echelon-Cross- Echelle

Spectrograph)

High Resolution (R > 105) Echelle Spectrometer 5 – 28 µm

FIFI-LS(Field Imaging Far-Infrared Line

Spectrometer)

Dual Channel Integral Field Grating Spectrometer

42 – 110 µm100 – 210 µm

FLITECAM(First Light Infrared Test Experiment

CAMera)

Near Infrared ImagingGrism Spectroscopy 1 – 5.5 µm

FORCAST(Faint Object infraRed CAmera for

the SOFIA Telescope)

Mid-IR Dual Channel Imaging Grism Spectroscopy

5 – 25 µm 25 – 40 µm

FPI+(Focal Plane Imager Plus) Visible light high speed camera 360 – 1100 nm

GREAT, upGREAT(German REceiver for Astronomy at

Terahertz frequencies)

High resolution (R>106) heterodyne spectrometer; multi-pixel

spectrometer

1.25 – 1.52 THz1.81 – 1.91 THz

4.74 THzHAWC+

(High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera-Plus)

Far-Infrared camera and polarimeter Five ~20% bands at 53, 63, 89, 154, & 214 µm.


KeyDifferencesBetweenSOFIAandOriginsSpaceTelescope

• SOFIAisawarmtelescope– ComparedtotheOriginsSpaceTelescope,thebackgroundfromthe

telescopeisveryhigh

• ThenumberofhoursperyearprovidedbySOFIAwillalwaysbelimited.

• SOFIAisoperatingnow• SOFIAinstrumentdevelopmentcantakeadvantageofthe

latestadvancementsintechnology.


GrowthinAstronomicalSensors


NewSOFIAInstrumentalCapabilities

• SOFIAisplanningonasteadycadenceofnewinstrumentalcapabilities– upGREAT 14-pixel(1.9THz)arraycommissionedin2016– HAWC+commissionedin2016– upGREAT 7-pixel(4.7THz)+14pixel(1.9THz)available2017– 4GREATcommissioningin2017– HIRMESanticipatedcommissioningin2019


DDTDemonstrationObservationupGREAT[CII]Map

Integratedlineprofileovermappedregion.


HAWC+CommissioningObservation– W3Imaging(Raster&Lissajousmodes)

•  preliminaryHAWC+imageofW3isshownbelow:

8

53μm


HAWC+ OrionMolecularCloud1

Note:Vectorsshowpolarizationdirectionbutnotamountofpolarization


HIRMESSynopsisHIgh ResolutionMidInfrarEd Spectrometer• HIRMESisadirectdetectionspectrometercovering 25to122

μm• TherearefourspectroscopicmodestoHIRME

– High-resmodeR~100,000– Mid-resmodeR~10,000– Low-resmodeR~600– Imagingspectroscopymode:R~2000

• TodeliverthemaximumsensitivityachievablewithSOFIA,HIRMESuses:– Backgroundlimitedbolometers– CombinationofFabry-PerotInterferometersandgratings

• Veryrapiddevelopmentschedule–CommissioninginSpringof2019


HIRMESInteriorandOptics

The Local Truth: Star Formation and Feedback in the SOFIA Era

Schematic Optical Path

\

SOFIA

Telescope Focus

Filter Wheel

Cold Stop

High-res FPI Wheel

Grating WheelStage 3

Camera

Detectors

Stage 3 Collimator

Stage 2 Camera

Stage 1 Collimator

Mid-res FPI Wheel

0.1 deg tilt

Low-res FPI Wheel

Stage 1 Camera

Stage 2 Collimator

Slit Wheel

HIgh ResolutionMidInfrarEdSpectrometer

KeyElements:16x64PixelTESBolometerArray

Low&MediumRes8x16PixelTESBolometerArray

HighResolution

GratingWheel

LowResolutionFabry-PerotMediumResolutionFPIHighResolutionFPI


PrincipalSOFIALegacies• PhysicsoftheInterstellarMedium

– EnergyBalanceinClouds– LifecycleoftheInterstellarMedium

• StarFormation– Physicsofstarformingfilaments– StarFormationinNearbyGalaxies

• SolarSystem– Highresolutionspectroscopyofplanets

• Venus– Highresolutionofcomets– AtmospheresofTrans-NeptunianObjects

• Far-InfraredCommunity– SOFIAprovidestheonlygeneralaccesstotheFar-Infraredforthe

foreseeablefuture


IRMissionCoverage

OST&Spica


https://www.sofia.usra.edu

SOFIA –Status and Contextmmacgreg/FIR_SIG/documents/SOFIA_… · FIRSIG-OST Splinter January 6,...

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