Social Infrastructure Report

Brent Cross Cricklewood Partners 10 Grosvenor Street London W1K 4BJ www.brentcrosscricklewood.com

BXC10 —Social Infrastructure Report

Brent Cross Cricklewood Planning ApplicationMarch 2008

The planning application for the redevelopment of BXC is accompanied by a range of technical and supporting documents/reports. This is explained in full in the Development Specification and Framework (Volume BXC1). However, it may be useful, if viewing this document in isolation, to first read a short note on the ‘Introduction to the Planning Application’, which can be found on BXC Development Partners website (www.brentcrosscricklewood.com).

Brent Cross Cricklewood

Social Infrastructure Report

Volume 10

March 2008

1

Introduction ...................................................................................................... 2

Social and Community Infrastructure ............................................................ 3

Definition of Social Infrastructure ......................................................................................... 3

The Brent Cross Cricklewood Development Area............................................................... 4

Current Population.................................................................................................................. 5

Current Social Infrastructure Provision ............................................................................... 6

Summary................................................................................................................................ 13

Brent Cross Cricklewood Development Impacts & Future Demand.......... 14

Brent Cross Cricklewood Development Proposals and Impacts..................................... 14

Re-Provision of Current Facilities ....................................................................................... 14

Additional Needs................................................................................................................... 15

Implications of Population Projections for Education Provision .................................... 18

Implications of Population Projections for Health and Other Community Provision.... 21

Summary of Requirements Arising from Brent Cross Cricklewood Development........ 26

Place Making & Strategic Policy Issues ....................................................... 27

Creating a New Urban Centre .............................................................................................. 27

Interaction of Uses................................................................................................................ 28

Service Reform and Delivery ............................................................................................... 29

Learning and Childrens’ Services ....................................................................................... 30

Health Services ..................................................................................................................... 34

Policing .................................................................................................................................. 37

Requirements for the Development .................................................................................... 38

The Planning Application, Delivery and Implementation............................ 40

The Planning Application..................................................................................................... 40

Location of Uses and Inter-Relationship ............................................................................ 41

Mechanisms for Delivery...................................................................................................... 48

Location and Co-Location.................................................................................................... 48

2

Introduction

Brent Cross Cricklewood is planned to become a new centre for north London. The area stretches 2km, from Brent Cross Shopping Centre in the north to Cricklewood Lane in the south, and 1km from the Midland Mainline railway line in the west to Hendon Way in the East. It currently has an environment dominated by shops surrounded by parking, empty space, some light industrial uses, housing, three schools, leisure facilities and open space of mixed quality. Different parts are cut off from one another by the North Circular Road and other roads and railway lines. A comprehensive application has been prepared which shows how this 151 hectare area can be transformed into a thriving location of which local residents, the Borough of Barnet and London can be proud. The new area will contain new neighbourhoods which include homes, jobs, shops, open spaces, leisure and community facilities – together with a new mainline station and improved transport, to be delivered over the next 20 years. In developing these proposals, the Brent Cross Cricklewood Development Partners have been concerned to ensure that the development of the area represents a long term, sustainable investment, and that the area needs to contain all of the things which make the difference between somewhere being a “place” and somewhere being a “community”. This has involved:

• Input to the Cricklewood, Brent Cross and West Hendon Regeneration Area Development Framework, which set out a vision and comprehensive plan for the area;

• Undertaking detailed reviews of school sites to identify how best schools can be provided and re-provided as part of the Proposals; and

• Work with LB Barnet and other partners in the area to develop models for the delivery of the range community facilities, with a particular focus on location and co-location of facilities and the management of facilities.

This strategy sets out the background to this work, the conclusions reached, describes how social infrastructure is provided in the Proposals and how it will be planned and managed as the development is implemented.

3

Social and Community Infrastructure

Definition of Social Infrastructure

Social and Community Infrastructure is a central component of the development of new communities. People depend on a wide range of services and amenities in order to go about their daily business, to meet people, to play, enjoy arts, sports and recreation, to learn, to shop, to celebrate, and to reflect. In a major city like London people will do these things in different places – near where they work, in local centres or central London, or where friends and family live. But many of these things they do locally, and the best places to live are those areas which have beautiful parks and open spaces, good shops and restaurants, excellent childcare and schools, recreational and cultural facilities. In building a new community therefore, the Brent Cross Cricklewood Development Partners are aware that if it is to be a good place to live work and visit the new area needs to contain the right mix of uses, in the right places. The Cricklewood, Brent Cross and West Hendon Regeneration Area Development Framework (The Development Framework) sets out a vision for the area which brings together “A New Town Centre”, “A New Commercial District”, “A Sustainable Community”, “High Quality Useable Green Space” and “Quality of Life”. Central to this vision is that each element of the scheme interacts with the others so that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. In order to define each of the elements, background studies have been undertaken to identify the current baseline provision and what should be contained within the new development to achieve the vision. In the case of Social Infrastructure this has been taken to include:

• Primary and Secondary Schools

• Pre-School, Nursery and Children’s Facilities

• Health centres and GP Surgeries

• Recreation Sports and Leisure Facilities

• Community Centres and Places of Worship

• Theatre and Performing Arts

• Youth centres/clubs

• Community groups

• Libraries

• Adult and Community education

• IT centres

• Police and Safer Neighbourhoods Teams

4

The Brent Cross Cricklewood Development Area

The Development Framework, produced by the Council and the Greater London Authority, identifies a Regeneration Area which runs from West Hendon in the North to Cricklewood Lane in the south, taking in the entire area between Edgware Road and Hendon Way including Brent Cross Shopping Centre. The area is bisected by the A406 North Circular Road. The Opportunity Area contains within it the Development Site, which is subject of this Planning Application. For the purposes of assessing the socio-economic characteristics of the area, the Framework adopts an Inner Impact Area and a Wider Impact Area. The Inner Impact Area comprises 11 wards; 5 of which are in Barnet (West Hendon, Colindale, Hendon, Golders Green and Childs Hill), 5 of which are in Brent (Mapesbury, Dudden Hill, Dollis Hill, Welsh Harp and Fryent) and 1 of which lies in Camden (Fortune Green). The Wider Impact Area identified covers the London Boroughs of Barnet, Brent and Camden. The map below shows the location of the Inner Impact Area, Wider Impact Area and Development Site its wider London context.

Map 1: Brent Cross Cricklewood, Area Context

© Crown Copyright 2006. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100042404.

5

Current Population

The total population of the Inner Impact Area in 2001 was around 140,000 – similar to the population of a town the size of Reading. More recent 2005 mid-year estimates suggest a growing population with steady growth in the Wider Impact Area since 1990, and at a faster rate than London and England and Wales as a whole. The Inner Area has a similar age breakdown to London as a whole, with just under 20% of residents under the age of 16, around 68% between 16 and 64 and 12% over the age of 65.

Figure 2: Wider Impact Area, Population Trends

Population Trends

90

95

100

105

110

115

120

1990

1992

1994

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

Year

Ind

ex

Wider Impact Area

London

England & Wales

Source: ONS mid-year estimates – Indexed 1990 = 100

The area therefore already has a substantial population base, supported by a wide range of existing community facilities. The Development Site however, contains a very small proportion of this population (less than 1%) with no housing north of the A406, and only around 220 housing units in the south – predominantly in Whitefield Avenue Estate.

6

Current Social Infrastructure Provision

In order to establish a baseline and to identify current gaps in provision, three reports were produced which informed this strategy – Leisure, Community and Cultural Facilities (LCCF), Health, and Education. Each included an audit of existing provision. The LCCF and Health reports identified facilities within 1km of the development site – around 10 to 15 minutes walking time. The Education report provided information on schools within 1.5km of the development and then focussed more closely at those schools either within, or within walking distance of, the development site.

Leisure, Community and Cultural Facilities

Map 2, overleaf, shows the 121 community facilities within 1km of the Brent Cross Cricklewood development site. The key to the map is shown in Annex 1. Two current community facilities are identified within the development site, in the Eastern Lands area. These are the Hendon Leisure Centre, and Whitefield School – which is an extended full service school containing wider community provision. It provides a range of services both to pupils of the school – through a learning resource centre and homework clubs – and through the provision of meeting rooms for the wider community and the hosting of drop in and outreach sessions for a range of community and voluntary organisations including the Barnet Refugee Service and The Barnet Citizens Advice Bureau. There are a range of facilities located beyond the development site with particular clusters around Hendon/West Hendon, Cricklewood Lane, and Willesden Green. In addition the health facilities map (Map 2) shows a strong cluster of services around Cricklewood Broadway. In contrast the current Brent Cross Shopping Centre has limited community facilities: opticians and pharmacies and a nursery. At present, many existing services are located with others, such as children’s services located in schools and places of worship, various community groups using community centres and community groups using places of worship.

Health Facilities

Map 3 shows health provision within 1km of the site, in addition to which GPs premises in Hendon, Golders Green and Hampstead Garden Suburb were included to complete the picture of existing local services. It demonstrates that there are a large number of facilities in the area, although none within the regeneration site itself. The site is particularly well served by opticians, with a cluster of five based within Brent Cross shopping centre – which clearly takes customers from a wide catchment area. An analysis of GP patient lists showed that the average number of people per GP in the area is 1,739, which is close to the PCT’s target of 1,700 patients per full-time GP. The location of the health facilities shown on the map has been verified by the PCT.

7

Map 2: Community Facilities


8

Map 3: Health Facilities


9

Education Facilities

Pre School Provision

Map 2, above, includes non-statutory pre-school provision. Those immediately adjacent to the development area are the Kidz First Nursery on Brent Terrace which provides 38 places for children aged 0 to 5, and Jack and Jill in Childs Hill which provides morning sessions for 24 children aged 2 ½ to 5. In addition each of the schools in Table 1, below, has pre-school nursery classes for 3 to 4 year olds.

School Based Provision

Map 3, below, shows the schools within the development area, and, in the case of primary schools, those schools within five minutes walk of the Regeneration Area. The map demonstrates that the northern part of the development around the current Brent Cross shopping centre would be likely to be served by Parkfield School which may also provide for some residents from West Hendon.

Primary Schools

The main schools in the southern development zone are Claremont School (formed from a merger of Clitterhouse Infants and Juniors) which would serve most of the south western part of the site and potentially the town centre (south) area. St. Agnes and Childs Hill are both within 800 metres of the southern part of the development area but are a considerable distance from the Town Centre and Eastern Lands. The Eastern Lands themselves are currently poorly served by primary school provision although Claremont School is only around 600 metres away and a direct walk. Claremont School is housed in poor quality buildings, the replacement of which is a priority for the London Borough of Barnet. Table 1, below, shows the number of children on roll at each of these schools in January 2007, and the capacity of each school at that time. It then shows the percentage and number of surplus places in these schools. This shows that across the area in January 2007, there were 282 surplus places, 16% of all places. Of these 60% were in Claremont School. Childs Hill and St. Agnes were both close to the 5% benchmark to allow flexibility and parental choice.

10

Table 1: Primary Schools, Capacity and Numbers of Roll 2007

Surplus

Type

NOR (Reception to Year 6) Jan 2007

Capacity (AN) % Number

CHILDS HILL CFP 288 315 3% 8

CLAREMONT CFP 253 420 40% 167

THE HYDE CFP 380 420 12% 51

PARKFIELD CFP 268 315 11% 36

ST AGNES RCP 290 315 6% 20

Total Community & Foundation 1189 1470 18% 262

Total Roman Catholic 290 315 6% 20

TOTAL ALL 1479 1785 16% 282

Source: LB Barnet Annual School Census & LB Barnet Primary School Guide 2007

11

Map 3: Education Facilities


12

Secondary and Special Schools

The core area contains two secondary schools: Whitefield and Mapledown, which are located adjacent to one another but on separate and independent sites. Whitefield is a comprehensive school providing places for boys and girls from the ages of 11 to 19. The school has specialist status as a Sports College and is a Full Service Extended School, providing services for the local community. Its most recent OFSTED report found that it was a good school with many significant strengths and had seen improved teaching and results in recent years, both at GCSE level and in the sixth form. At January 20071 the school had 662 pupils in Years 7 to 11 on roll and a further 150 in the sixth form. This compared to a school capacity of 955 places – giving a surplus capacity of 183 or 19%. Mapledown is a mixed day special school providing education for pupils and students with severe or profound and multiple learning difficulties. The school has 61 pupils in the 11 to 19 age range. Despite inadequate physical facilities the school was found to be performing well in its last OFSTED report. The wider borough of Barnet contains twenty secondary schools: eight Community schools, four foundation schools, seven Voluntary Aided Schools and one Academy. In 2007, together the schools contained capacity for 17,045 pupils aged 11 to 16 and had 16,651 on roll, a surplus of 2 per cent. This overall figure masks significant variations with four schools between them having over 750 surplus places while a further eleven had pupil numbers above their notional capacity. Whitefield had 88 surplus places. Mapledown School is housed in a poor quality building and relatively poor quality grounds, which are in need of modernisation or replacement. Whitefield School has reasonably good quality buildings.

1 All schools data is LB Barnet Draft ASC 2007

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Summary

Using ready beckoners’ of population to demand for community facilities2 In quantitative terms the Cricklewood Brent Cross and West Hendon area is well provided with community facilities, particularly focused on existing town centres. The development area itself has very limited provision due, in part, to a very low residential population, and the isolated nature of the current Brent Cross Shopping Centre. One of the key challenges for the masterplan therefore is to create a public and civic focus to supplement its commercial role. The physical quality of some of the current provision – particularly Mapledown and Claremont Schools – is poor. In addition public service providers in the area – notably the Council and the Primary Care Trust have a range of policy drivers which encourage new types and formats for service provision. This is dealt with in more detail in the policy section below.

2 See background reports and Barton et al (1995) – Sustainable Settlements, a Guide for Planners, Designers and

Developers, UWE & LGMB

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Brent Cross Cricklewood Development Impacts & Future Demand

Brent Cross Cricklewood Development Proposals and Impacts

The Brent Cross Cricklewood Scheme proposes a comprehensive mixed-use re-development of the area which provides a new slice of London. This will include:

• A new integrated town centre location bringing together new retail space on both sides of the north circular road – including new comparison retail space, restaurants and bars at Brent Cross focussed around a new high street environment, with local stores and markets near to the new mainline train station – with leisure and public facilities;

• Around 7,500 new homes, including comprehensive re-development of the area currently occupied by Mapledown and Whitefield Schools and the Leisure Centre

• A new commercial district with 19,500 new jobs housed in 4 million sq ft of commercial floorspace planned as the final phase of development next to the new station

• New community facilities and open spaces which are described in more detail below.

This will have two impacts on the provision of community, leisure and cultural facilities. These are as follows:

• To re-provide existing facilities in the area where they will need to be moved due to the re-development process

• The need to provide for the additional needs generated by the new residential and workforce populations in the area

Re-Provision of Current Facilities

The re-development of the Eastern Lands will require the re-provision of those facilities which are currently located there. These are:

• Whitefield School

• Mapledown School

• Hendon Leisure Centre The basic principle in relation to the re-provision of these facilities is that the current buildings will not be closed until new facilities are completed and ready for occupation. In addition the Development Partners are committed to ensuring that these facilities will be of the highest quality, contributing to the development of an area of which all can be proud. At present, Whitefield School already uses the sports hall in the leisure centre. The location of the leisure centre therefore needs to be considered in relationship to Whitefield School to allow easy access between both without disrupting the school day if facilities continue to be shared.

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Additional Needs

In order to assess the potential impacts of the development a bespoke population and child yield model was produced as part of the development of the LCCF, Health and Education studies. Two main data sources have been used for the population modeling – the 2001 Census and the National Housing Federation CORE lettings data for social housing. For social housing, CORE data for the London Borough of Barnet has been used to calculate overall numbers of residents and age breakdowns. This estimate takes into account the differences in occupancy between flats and houses and between homes of different sizes. For intermediate housing, a similar approach has been used; however the sample size of existing intermediate tenure homes in Barnet is too small to form a statistically significant sample, so data from the whole of London has been used. Again this relates to size and type of dwelling. For private housing, we undertook a multivariate regression analysis of London Census data to establish a relationship between the type and size of dwelling and the number of people likely to be housed there. This was then applied to the private dwellings in the development scenarios. The model then identifies for each type (house or flat), tenure (private, intermediate, social rented) and size of property child yields. The regression analysis also identified a central estimate of 1.8 residents per residential unit, and an age range with a strong bias towards working age residents.

Development Scenario

These figures then need to be applied to the number of proposed units in the development of each type and tenure. The application includes a proposal for 15% affordable housing, with the affordable split on a 70:30 ratio between social rented and intermediate housing. However this may increase dependent on market conditions. For this reason, in this report, we have assessed a range of affordable housing from 15% at a 70:30 split to 30% at a 50:50 split to ensure that the social infrastructure provision can cope with the identified range. The two scenarios are set out in Table 2 below. These scenarios do not include the re-provision of homes from the current Whitefield Estate as these will not generate net additional population within the development.

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Table 2: Units by Tenure, Type & Size

Houses

1 bed 2 bed 3 bed All 3 bed 4 bed All TOTAL

@ 15% Affordable

Private

2,210

2,967

947

6,124

126

63

189

6,313

Intermediate

107

146

46

299 - - -

299

Social

107

263

270

640 -

71

71

711

Total

7,063

260

7,323

@ 30% Affordable -

Private

1,782

2,392

763

4,937

126

63

189

5,126

Intermediate

393

536

169

1,098 - - -

1,098

Social

172

422

433

1,027 -

71

71

1,098

Total

7,063

260

7,323

Projected Population

Table 3 below sets out the projected population on this basis.

Table 3 - Summary of Population Projection

Age group @15% @30%

Total children (0-15) 1,613 1,902

Pre-school 555 725

Primary 703 953

Secondary 356 507

16-59 years 10,244 9,742

Over 60s 1,397 1,328

Of which, over 65 1,104 1,050

Total population 13,255

The results show a relatively low occupancy level, which is what would be expected for high-density flatted developments, which typically attract a significant proportion of small households. They also show that the age of the children is likely to be skewed towards younger age ranges. This is also typical of flats in London, where there is a tendency for families to move away to a larger house (often out of London), as their children get older. This can be the result of a variety of factors including space requirements and the cost of housing.

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The proportion of the population that is forecast to be over 60 is particularly low, and the same pattern is found for other, older age groups. In the modelling this is driven largely by the fact that new social housing (with the exception of one-bed flats), tends to be given to families as a priority, thereby significantly lowering the overall proportion of older people in a new development. It is likely to be some time (decades after occupation, rather than years) before the natural ageing of the population in the social housing eventually begins to even out this imbalance. It should however be noted that it is possible that some of the private housing will be occupied by elderly households who are “downsizing” and therefore this should be the subject of ongoing monitoring as properties are occupied. As a result, the forecasts predict that the population of the development will be concentrated in the younger adults of working age group. It should be noted that these forecasts are made on the basis of general needs housing, within each tenure.

Population Breakdown

It has been possible to make predictions about the likely number of children and elderly people in the development as the age of residents is highly dependent on the type, tenure and size of property. However, it is harder to make firm predictions about other aspects of the population. For this, we base the forecasts on the current breakdown of the population and extrapolate this to the new population to make tentative forecasts for ethnicity and religion using four different scenarios: Barnet, London, 1km radius and new developments in Barnet. Given the dynamic nature of population change in London it would be unwise to use these figures for detailed planning purposes but they do demonstrate that the new development will be home to an ethnically and religiously diverse population. The ethnic breakdown by each of the different scenarios is shown in the table below.

Table 4 - Current Ethnicity

White Mixed Asian Black Chinese

& Other LB Barnet 74.0% 3.0% 12.3% 6.0% 4.6%

London 71.2% 3.2% 12.1% 10.9% 2.7%

1km Area 64.3% 3.5% 16.8% 10.0% 5.5%

New Developments in Barnet

65.0% 4.1% 12.2% 12.5% 6.2%

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Table 5 - Current Religious Breakdown

Christian Buddhist Hindu Jewish Muslim Sikh Other

religions

No

religion

Religion

not

stated

LB Barnet 47.3% 1.1% 6.7% 14.8% 6.2% 0.4% 1.0% 12.8% 9.7%

London 58.2% 0.8% 4.1% 2.1% 8.5% 1.5% 0.5% 15.8% 8.7%

1km Area 42.3% 1.2% 8.0% 14.3% 11.0% 0.2% 0.8% 11.9% 10.3%

New Developments in Barnet

54.3% 0.8% 6.4% 5.4% 9.3% 0.5% 0.9% 14.6% 7.8%

The religious breakdown shows that Barnet and the area within 1km of the development site have a lower proportion of Christians and those stating that they have no religion, and a higher proportion of Jews and to a lesser extent, Hindus than London as a whole. However, the occupants of the newly developed housing in the borough show a higher proportion of Christians, Muslims and those of no religion and a lower proportion of all other faiths. The population forecasts described here all relate to the resident population of the development. However significant employment is also likely to be created by the regeneration. The Regeneration Strategy (Volume BXC 12), being submitted alongside this document estimates that around 26,300 jobs can be expected to be generated by the new development, of which around 20% will be in leisure and retail, and the rest in office employment. This substantial working population in the development is important in that it is likely to improve the chances of attracting and maintaining viable commercial “town-centre” providers of leisure services. This would have knock-on benefits for residents in terms of availability of services locally. The presence of additional daytime population in the area may also have an impact on demand for other services such as health facilities.

Implications of Population Projections for Education Provision

Pre-School Provision

Table 3, above, identifies between approximately 555 and 725 children of pre-school age. Of these we estimate that approximately one third would be three and four year olds eligible for a pre-school place – approximately 165 to 220. Currently each of these children would be entitled to a part time place which would equate to approximately 80 to 110 full time places. This is equivalent to between 2.5 and 4 nursery classes although a proportion of these children would not attend nursery or the nursery classes within local schools. Pre-school provision for 0 to 3 year olds is harder to estimate and to plan for as provision is not a statutory requirement. Other estimates suggest that perhaps 20 per cent of 0 to 2 year olds and 45 per cent of two to three year olds3 might require a nursery place. This would again be likely to be on a part time basis. This would create demand for an additional 50 to 70 full time equivalent places.

3 E.g. EDAW Draft Baseline for Mill Hill East based on Greenwich SOP

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In total therefore the development could create demand for between 130 and 180 full time equivalent pre-school places in the area although these could be delivered in a number of settings including childminders, day care and day nurseries, places in Children’s Centres and nursery classes in Primary Schools. The Primary School proposals described below would provide for an additional two and a half forms of entry. If nursery classes were expanded at the same rate this would provide 75 full time equivalent primary school places. For nursery provision Government Building Bulletin 99 suggests 4.4 sqm of floorspace per nursery age child. An additional 100 FTE nursery places (over and above the expanded places in Primary Schools) would therefore require approximately 440 sqm.

Primary Provision

The population projections (see Table 3, above) suggest that there could be an additional 703 to 953 children of primary school age living in the area following the completion of the Brent Cross Cricklewood development. This would translate into an additional 3.3 to 4.5 forms of primary school entry. In addition, the consented scheme at West Hendon could provide demand for up to half a form of primary school entry in the north of the area. In total then there could be a peak of up to 1,100 additional primary aged children creating demand for just under 5 forms of primary school provision. It is recognised however that even if this peak number of children were housed within the development, that not all would require additional primary school places. Work undertaken by HDS for LB Barnet suggests that, using 2001 census moving groups data, around a quarter of families with primary aged children moving into new housing move from within that ward or from a neighbouring ward. In addition, LB Barnet’s child yield modeling has, in the past assumed that 11% of children might be educated outside the Borough or in private education. There is therefore the potential that total demand might be up to 35% lower than the gross total or around 700 pupils. Table 6, below, shows notional capacities if the following expansions were undertaken:

• Parkfield – increase in capacity from 1.5 to 2FE

• Childs Hill, increase in capacity from 1.5 to 2FE

• Claremont School - increase in capacity from 2 to 3FE

• St. Agnes – increase in capacity from 1.5 to 2FE Of these proposals, the expansion of Parkfield School is already being taken forward by LB Barnet, along with the development of a Childrens’ Centre on the site.

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Table 6: Primary Schools, Notional Capacity and Numbers on Roll

Type NOR Jan 07 Surplus

Net Capacity SN%

Available Places

CHILDS HILL CFP 288 420 27% 132

CLAREMONT CFP 253 630 57% 377

THE HYDE CFP 380 420 12% 40

PARKFIELD CFP 268 420 34% 152

ST. AGNES RC 290 420 30% 130

TOTAL 1,479 2,310 36% 831

The implementation of these proposals will require careful planning, with reference to phasing, decanting and funding, to ensure continuity and timely provision of additional places. This is dealt with in the delivery section below.

Secondary Provision

As noted above the population projections suggest that there could be an additional 356 to 507 children of secondary school age living in the area following the completion of the Brent Cross Cricklewood development. In addition to this there will be demand from 16 to 18 year olds – years 12 & 13. Assuming an 80% staying on rate this would be approximately between 56 and 80 pupils per sixth form year, or 112 and 160 in total. A proportion of secondary school aged children, like primary school pupils, will already have a school place when they move into the development and, given distances traveled to school by children of secondary age would be likely to retain them even if they moved a relatively large distance. This could reduce “additional” demand by up to 30%. In addition it should also be recognised that at secondary level pupils and parents wish to exercise choice over where children will attend school. These young people will be educated in a variety of settings which include:

• the state sector within the Borough; - only around a quarter of local secondary aged children who go to Barnet schools attend Whitefield School, and 40% travel more than 1.5 km to another Barnet school

• the state sector in neighbouring Local Education Authorities – around 10% of secondary aged Barnet pupils are educated outside the Borough;

• the private sector – accounting for around 13% of pupils in London The relative impact of each of the factors described above can vary significantly depending on the relative popularity of schools at any one time and school admission policies. Therefore it would be misleading to try and apply these factors to the overall child yield to identify a “net” demand figure. However it should be recognised that, at least in the early stages of occupation the net impact on secondary rolls in the Borough will be low.

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Given current surplus places but also the approach of LEA and Whitefield school it would therefore appear sensible to assume a maximum of a six form entry secondary school (900 pupils) plus a sixth form (up to c. 300 pupils) – total roll of 1,200 – (which needs to be clarified in consultation with the school). Depending on demand it may be that a school would be better opening with a capacity similar to the current level of 5FE (750 Year 7 to 11, plus around 250 Years 12 and 13) – with capacity to expand.

Implications of Population Projections for Health and Other Community Provision

In order to predict the other facilities needed to cater for the increase in population we have calculated some comparison ratios based on the number of facilities compared to populations in Barnet, London or England, depending on the availability of data. The figures used come from a variety of sources depending on the nature of the facilities in question.

Health

Based on the population forecasts set out above, it is possible to estimate the likely level of demand for health services.

Barnet PCT currently has a target of no more than 1,700 people per GP. Applying this ratio to the forecast population of the development suggests that around eight GPs will be needed to serve the new population.

For other primary healthcare services, the low proportion of older adults, and the fact that the age profile of children is biased towards the youngest age groups, suggests that demand is likely to be more for health visitors than for district nurses.

More generally, the high proportion of people aged 16-59 may mean that the overall demand for primary healthcare could be below the average for the borough, as these age groups tend to be in better health.

The PCT has identified a range of other staff, from nurses to physiotherapists, who could be needed to service the new population. This is set out in the Table 7, below, and indicates a need for around 11 health staff in addition to the 8 GPs. This forecast is based on an extrapolation of current staffing levels in the borough, adjusted to reflect the projected age profile of the development.

This list does not include all the NHS staffing groups or those services provided by voluntary groups. This estimate is based on current models of service and, therefore, will be subject to change over time. In addition the PCT estimates that a community mental health team of 3 people would also be needed to serve the new development.

In addition to the new resident population, the development is also forecast to bring a significant new working population to the area. While for GPs people generally register near where they live, the working population may increase demand for other services such as pharmacies, general dental practitioners and opticians. This working population will increase as further phases of development are delivered and, with the increased emphasis on choice promoted by the Government, has the potential to further increase local demand for services. This will need to be monitored over the lifetime of the development to assess any impacts on provision.

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Table 7. Additional demand for other health staff

Full time equivalent

staff

Health Visiting 2.4

District nursing 2.6

Pediatric speech therapy 1.3

Pediatric occupational

therapy 0.3

Pediatric physiotherapy 0.4

Adult speech therapy 0.6

Adult occupational

therapy 1.0

Adult physiotherapy 1.5

Dietetics 0.2

Podiatry 1.0

Total 11.3

Source: Barnet Primary Care Trust

To assess requirements for adult social services we have similarly used information on current staffing levels supplied by LB Barnet and related this to current population. This has then been extrapolated to the forecast population of the new development. The results are shown in Table 8 below. These numbers include both social workers and community care officers.

The majority of the projected staff requirements indicated in the table has been based on the total forecast increase in population from the development, but the older adult and hospital assessment teams have been based on the number of people forecast to be aged 65 years and over.

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Table 8. Adult Social Services Staffing Needs

Category of staff

Additional staffing

requirements

(full time equivalents)

Older adult assessment teams 1.2

Occupational therapists 0.8

Hospital assessment 0.5

Mental Health 1.3

Sensory impairment & physical

disabilities 0.7

Managers 0.6

Total 5.1

Source: Hunt Dobson Stringer from Barnet Social Services staffing data

Pharmacies, opticians and dentists

The PCT has less involvement in establishing the facilities required for pharmaceutical services, optometry and dental services, but does have a regulatory responsibility with regard to the provision and operation of these services.

Pharmacists are now undertaking health screening services, counselling and health advisory services. This aspect of their work will continue to expand. The PCT’s aim is for the location of a pharmaceutical outlet based alongside, or in close proximity to, a new primary care centre.

Experience elsewhere suggests that it can be difficult to sustain pharmacies that are based within a primary care centre and dedicated to dispensing prescriptions. The PCT’s preference, for a pharmacy that is adjacent or close to the primary care centre is therefore likely to be more viable, as pharmacy services can then be combined with a broader retail offer. Such premises are provided on a commercial basis.

For large shopping centres (such as Brent Cross) which serve a wider than local population, there are exemptions from the PCT’s controls over the establishment of pharmacy outlets.

For dentistry, the key issue is often not premises, but securing dentists willing to undertake NHS work. This is a problem in many parts of London, and a solution is likely to be dependent on changes at a national level. Since April 2006, primary care trusts have had responsibility for commissioning primary dental services to reflect local needs and priorities. This includes agreeing and monitoring local contracts with dentists or corporate bodies for the delivery of primary dental services.

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As was highlighted in the audit, Brent Cross is already well served by opticians, and it is unlikely that additional provision will need to be planned for this.

Adult social services

For adult social services, LB Barnet has expressed a strong preference for staff to be based within the primary care centre. They have also noted that an increase in out-reach working with a higher proportion of staff working in the field. Technology is now enabling electronic storage of data on hand-held terminals. The actual space requirements for the staffing levels projected are therefore quite small – likely to include “hot-desking” facilities and storage space, to be shared by different members of the team.

Libraries

The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) state that there are 3,600 static libraries in England, therefore giving a ratio of 1 library to every 13,600 people. In Barnet however, the 16 libraries in the borough relate to 1 for every 19,600 people (a higher ratio is to be expected for urban facilities). The increase in population at Brent Cross Cricklewood will be around 13,600 which is exactly the same as the population served by the average library in England, although less than the number for Barnet.

The existing provision is not well located to cater for the needs of the new community. The libraries are situated towards the south and east of the site and the north section of the development is not close to any library provision. The strategy brief states that the Council require around 400 sqm for a new library. This is similar to the size of three existing libraries in the borough. This is likely to be co-located with other facilities to maximize efficiencies and encourage casual use by local people.

Leisure Centres and Swimming Pools

In Barnet, there are seven Council-owned leisure centres, which means a ratio of 1 per 45,000 people, although to some extent levels of provision can be led by accessibility as much as total demand, and many facilities could benefit from increased custom. The regeneration area already includes a major leisure centre, and the increase in population as a result of the development is not expected to lead to a need for an additional centre. However, as the developers will need to re-provide the Hendon Leisure Centre, there may be some scope for enhancing the quality and design of the facilities within the leisure centre to enable (and encourage) more intensive use. Of the seven leisure centres in Barnet that are run by GLL, there are three centres with swimming pools with a total of 6 pools between them. Three of these pools are located at the Copthall Leisure Centre which is actually the closest of the other leisure centres to the development site. Copthall is two and a half miles to the north of Brent Cross Cricklewood and is easily accessible by road, though less so by public transport at the moment. The increase in population is not considered sufficient to justify provision of an additional pool.

Police

The Metropolitan Police has established Safer Neighbourhoods Teams in all wards in Barnet. Two of the teams covering the Brent Cross Cricklewood West Hendon area are based at Golders Green Police Station (Childs Hill and Golders Green) and the

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West Hendon team is based at Aerodrome Road, Hendon. Guidance issues by the police suggests that the teams need a small amount of space (around 70sqm) in each location. The average ward size in London (excluding the City of London) is around 11,500. This means that the development at Brent Cross Cricklewood would have a population equivalent to a reasonably large ward. It would therefore be feasible to have a dedicated Safer Neighbourhood Team for the Brent Cross Cricklewood area – although this would depend on how the police wish to allocate their ward based resources. In addition, the expended Town Centre area and the Bus Station are likely to be areas which will require presence both from the Metropolitan Police and the British Transport Police. Given the size of the spaces required it would be relatively easy to reserve areas in both residential and retail led parts of the development to meet potential future policing needs.

Community Centres and Faith Facilities

The Charities Commission estimates that there are 9,000 community centres and village halls registered as charities in England and Wales, giving a ratio of 1 community centre for every 5,800 of the population. In reality, it is likely that there is a large difference in the numbers of people served by these facilities – from a small rural community using a village hall, to much larger numbers of people in urban areas served by more intensively used community centres that serve a wider catchment area. This is illustrated by the community centres within 1km of the site, where there are three centres (two of which are faith based) indicating a ratio of around 1:8,200, which closely reflects experience elsewhere in London. On this basis, the new population could justify the provision of new community space though as stated above, this can be provided in a number of ways. It would be possible to provide a single centre that can be used by a variety of groups and contains different types of meeting space, or a number of smaller centres that have more specific functions. In relation to faith facilities those who do attend formal acts of worship, the place of worship they want will vary greatly, even within each religion. As mentioned earlier, religion is diverse and complex with people requiring more specialised places of worship for particular denominations of a faith or particular styles of ceremony. This means that it is not possible to provide meaningful predictions as to what religious establishments might be wanted. A more useful approach might be to ensure that flexible community space can be made available to a range of different faith groups, alongside the wider community, for a range of different activities that could include anything from charitable or community activities to meetings or acts of worship. This would obviate the need to try to predict specific faith needs of future communities and provide the opportunity for engagement in the community. It is important to recognise the distinction between sacred space and general space, and there is the possibility of providing prayer rooms within a multi-purpose community centre as has happened in a number of other places.

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Other Sevices and Provision

There are a range of other services and activities which might be provided in the area that don’t require dedicated provision but should influence the types of space provided and the design and specification of facilities. These include

• A new UK Online Centre (either within the library or community space);

• New community exhibition space by using facilities already being provided for other purposes – for example within a library, community centre, leisure centre or school where there is good community access

• Youth Provision: i.e. space and facilities for youth clubs/groups. This will need to be developed with youth providers as the development is taken forward.

Summary of Requirements Arising from Brent Cross Cricklewood Development

A range of provision is therefore required as a direct result of the development proposals. First, this involves the re-provision of the Mapledown and Whitefield Schools and the Leisure Centre which are being re-located as a result of the development proposals. Second, a range of provision is required to mitigate the impact of the development of 7,500 new housing units. This will require:

• Pre-school provision for up to 130 to 180 full time places

• 700 to 950 primary school places, with an additional 100 from West Hendon

• Around 354 to 507 secondary places, plus 120 to 160 sixth form places, although the net figure could be significantly lower

• An 8 GP surgery and perhaps 14 additional primary care staff (including mental health services, and 5 adult social services staff

• A 400 sqm small library facility

• Safer Neighbourhood provision for the Metropolitan Police

• Other community provision providing a range of room types, which can be used for general community use, faith provision, access to information technology, and arts and cultural uses. This has the potential to be co-located with the facilities described above and/or through multi-functional space.

• A UK Online centre probably co-located with another facility

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Place Making & Strategic Policy Issues

So far we have considered needs arising from current deficits in or quality of provision and the likely impacts of a new population. Given the transformational nature of the plans for Brent Cross Cricklewood it is however very important to consider the wider strategic policy context, both in relation to the making of places and the delivery of public services.

Creating a New Urban Centre

As set out above, the development at Brent Cross Cricklewood is about creating a new urban centre for North London. This will require a whole range of land uses all of which will interact with one another to create “a whole greater than the sum of the parts”. At present, although the area has strategically significant retail uses, and a number of community facilities, these are isolated from one another and do not currently form a recognisable “place”. One of the challenges for the development therefore is not just to physically transform the area but also to ensure that different land uses complement one another and inter-relate effectively.

Scale and Types of Uses

National policy in relation to the location and co-location of types of facilities can be seen as falling into two types. One is a place making agenda, which is dealt with here, the other a focus on changes to the delivery of public services, which is dealt with further in the following section.

The focus of policy on the regeneration of urban areas, combined with Government targets for housing development on brownfield sites, has meant that Government policy has increasingly focussed on the need to create sustainable communities.

With this has come a recognition that planning for new communities not only needs to take into account the capacity of area to physically accommodate new development but also the need to ensure that social and community facilities are in place to meet the needs of new communities and learn from the lessons of large scale housing developments in the 1960s and 1970s which often neglected the social dimension.

Recent Government policy documents have therefore emphasised the need to consider social infrastructure provision in the planning of new developments from the outset. Planning Policy Statement 3 – Housing (ODPM 2006) for example suggests that planning authorities need to consider the location, accessibility and capacity of social infrastructure such as schools and hospitals when allocating sites for housing uses. And the Sustainable Communities Plan identifies the need for a ‘sense of place’ and good quality local public services, as essential requirements for new developments.

Town Centres are identified in both PPS6 (Planning for Town Centres) and PPG13 (Transport) as the principle location for community facilities. They are identified as an essential part of the mix of facilities required in a Town Centre with PPS6 stating that local authorities should ensure “provision is made for a range of sites for shopping, leisure and local services, which allow genuine choice to meet the needs of the whole community, particularly the needs of those living in deprived areas.”

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PPG13 - Transport re-inforces this by stating that local planning authorities should seek to “locate day to day facilities which need to be near their clients in….service centres, and adopt measures to ensure safe and easy access, particularly by walking and cycling. Such facilities include primary schools, health centres, convenience shops, branch libraries and local offices of the local authority and other local service providers [and] should also encourage the provision of leisure and entertainment facilities serving local catchments and make provision for attractive local play areas, public open space and other recreational facilities in locations likely to be accessible without use of a car.”

At a regional level the London Plan (2008) supports this national guidance by ensuring that:

• Development takes account of the capacity of existing or planned infrastructure including public transport, utilities and community infrastructure, such as schools and hospitals

• Taking account of the suitability of sites for mixed use development and the contribution that development might make to strengthening local communities and economies

The London Plan also contains policies to ensure that communities and neighbourhoods benefit from growth and are also engaged in the development process. This includes building on diversity and being sensitive to the needs and preferences of different groups. It suggests that issues of equity and catering for the needs of all in society are addressed in local plans. The Brent Cross Cricklewood area is designated as an ‘opportunity area’ in the London Plan which means it can accommodate substantial new jobs or homes. However, these areas also need appropriate provision of other uses such as local shops, leisure facilities and schools.

The North London Sub-Regional Development Framework (SRDF) forms the implementation strategy for the London Plan, and therefore follows the same policies and principles. Research conducted for the SRDF concludes that a stronger range of leisure, culture and tourism activities are needed in the sub-region and that there is particular pressure to find locations for social infrastructure. Boroughs should ensure an appropriate range of community facilities to meet the diverse needs of the local population through area development frameworks, particularly in opportunity areas.

The SRDF states that the Brent Cross Cricklewood area proposals should lead to the creation of a sustainable town centre with a much more balanced range of uses and services.

Interaction of Uses

Social Infrastructure therefore plays a central role in the development of a new centre, not just to meet the needs of a new, or local, population but also as part of the broad offer of a “New Town Centre”. In the case of Brent Cross Cricklewood this would include both local services found in a local town centre – and usually located close to convenience (i.e. local) retail and secondly, subject to the plans of service providers more strategic services providing for a wider catchment area which should be easily accessible from public transport. The former can be seen as contributing to mitigating the impacts of the new housing within the development while the latter contribute to the area’s strategic role. As part of the production of the Leisure, Culture and Community Facilities Assessment, a number of comparison locations were identified and case studies were conducted to

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show how the existing facilities at Cricklewood, Brent Cross and West Hendon compare to those in existing town centres or planned large scale developments. As Brent Cross Cricklewood is expected to become a new town centre on the scale of a metropolitan centre, it is useful to see what a variety of other locations of a similar nature contain. Each of these places demonstrates aspects which can be related to the Brent Cross Cricklewood development. The planned developments also shed some light on more recent thinking regarding the types of community facilities required by new communities, though this, of course, will continue to change. We looked at three comparison locations: Romford and Stratford City in London and Newcastle Great Park in the north-east. Romford provides an example of an established metropolitan centre, the same designation as Brent Cross Cricklewood will become after the development. The other two locations are examples of large scale developments that have certain obligations to provide community facilities. The two planned developments both include more community facilities than found in the existing town centre in Romford, though Romford contained a variety of different community groups indicating that these will form wherever a community exists, independent of the physical facilities in the area. All three comparison locations contained a library, which is seen as an important element of a town centre. There is evidence in Romford of recent policy, such as the inclusion of UK Online centres with other community facilities such as libraries, to encourage use of IT in the community.

Service Reform and Delivery

Reform of the delivery of public services has moved to the centre of political debate in the UK, and has been subject of a wide-range of recent initiatives. The Government has set out its goals for public services reform4, which are that they should be citizen centred and responsive, universal (accessible to all and in the case of core services free at the point of use), efficient and effective, equitable (helping to reduce social exclusion and improve the life chances of the disadvantaged), excellent (high quality) and empowering.

The process of reform combines four key elements, performance management, competition and contestability, pressure from citizens through choice and voice and measures to strengthen the capacity of central and local Government to deliver improved services. At the local level this has been driven by the introduction of Community Planning and Public Service Agreements which are intended to set out the outcomes which local partners should achieve (eg. reductions in crime or improvements in resident satisfaction with local services). Local authorities had, in any case, been adopting new models of provision since at least the 1980s. This had included the decentralisation of service provision and the introduction of “one stop shops” and “customer service centres”.

As well as these general policies the Government has reflected the ethos of public service reform in legislation and in policy guidance for the delivery of specific public services.

4 The UK Government’s Approach to Public Service Reform, Cabinet Office, 2006

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Learning and Childrens’ Services

The Government has produced a range of policy in relation to the delivery of services to children and education provision, ranging from pre-school to adult learning. It has also invested significant capital and revenue funding in specific service developments.

Every Child Matters sets out the framework for provision of support for children and young people from birth to age 19. The Government’s aims for every child is that they should be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution and achieve economic well-being.

Childcare and Pre-School Provision

In 2004 the Government published its ten year strategy for childcare. This has four key themes:

• Choice and flexibility - parents to have greater choice about balancing work and family life

• Availability - for all families with children aged up to 14 who need it, an affordable, flexible, high quality childcare place that meets their circumstances

• Quality - high-quality provision with a highly skilled childcare and early years workforce, among the best in the world

• Affordability - families to be able to afford flexible, high-quality childcare that is appropriate for their needs

From April 2006 all three and four year olds became entitled to 12 ½ hours a week free early years provision for 38 weeks a year. From April 2007 this will be extended to 15 hours a week for the first cohort of children and by April 2010 will be in place for all 3 to 4 year olds. The longer term goal is to provide 20 hours care per week.

The development of Children’s Centres is another key priority for the ten year strategy, with centres being initially developed to reach 65% of children in the 20% most disadvantaged areas by March this year. By 2008 the Government intends that all children in the most disadvantaged areas will have access to a children’s centre. In addition, about 800 centres will be developed in other areas, with all communities having a children’s centre by 2010.

‘Choice for parents, the best start for children’ sets out the Government’s proposals for a childcare offer for school-age children. For primary schools this should mean that by 2010 all parents with children aged 5-11 will be offered the guarantee of affordable school based childcare between the hours of 8am-6pm, all year round. Half of all parents are intended to receive this service by 2008. Primary schools will provide these places themselves or in partnership with the private, voluntary and community sector. Secondary schools may also provide childcare services as part of their full service extended schools provision (see below).

The Childcare Act 2006, further extends the duties of public agencies, requiring local authorities, the NHS and Jobcentre Plus to work together to improve the outcomes of all children up to 5 and reduce inequalities between them, by ensuring early childhood services are integrated to maximise access and benefits to families – linked to the expansion of Sure Start Children’s Centres (see above). Local authorities will also be required to assess the local childcare market and to secure sufficient childcare for working parents. Local authorities will not be expected to provide childcare direct but will be expected to work with local private, voluntary and independent sector providers to meet local need.

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Schools

In relation to school age education, skills and training the Government has produced nine green papers, nine White Papers and passed ten pieces of legislation since 1997. It has also developed a number of capital funding programmes and issues a range of guidance. Policy of direct relevance to the provision of social infrastructure falls into four categories:

• Policies relating to how schools interrelate to wider provision of services for children and communities

• Policies relating to school organisation, regulating changes to schools and the provision of new schools

• Policies that provide statutory and non-statutory guidance on the provision of education facilities

• Capital funding programmes for development, re-development and refurbishment of schools

The role of schools in relating to other services is part of the wider Every Child Matters Framework described above. Rather than being seen as stand alone institutions schools are now seen more as part of a wider network of providers and agencies providing a range of services and facilities to meet the needs of young people and their families. This has been reflected in structural changes in administration, as required by the Children Act 2004. This includes a requirement to appoint a director of children’s services, the requirement to produce a Children and Young People’s Plan providing an integrated, overarching plan for all services for children in an area, and new powers for public agencies to pool budgets and a requirement to co-operate. The implementation of the joint plan will be overseen by a Children’s Trust which will, among other things, be responsible for “Integrated front line delivery organised around the child, young person or family rather than professional boundaries or existing agencies – for example, multi-agency teams, co-located staff in extended schools or children’s centres”. Many current examples of joint working are based in Children’s Centres, as described above. But they also happen within schools. The 2002 Education Act clarified and strengthened the legal position of schools wishing to provide services beyond their core task of educating pupils. It made clear that school governing bodies can:

• provide facilities and services which benefit families and the community as well as pupils;

• make agreements with other partners to provide services on school premises;

• charge for services. Since then the Government has promoted the idea of extended full service schools that work with local providers, agencies (and in many cases other schools) to provide access to a range of extended services including:

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• wraparound childcare 8am-6pm, all year round;

• parenting and family support;

• a varied range of activities including study support, sport and music clubs;

• referral to specialist services such as speech therapy; and

• community use of facilities including adult and family learning and ICT.

These services are provided using additional funding from the Government, and from partner providers. Schools are not allowed to spend core delegated education budgets on such activities. In relation to changes in schools organisation and proposals for opening, closing and expanding schools the Government has made some significant changes in recent years in the context of their commitment to expand choice in relation to education provision. Local Authorities are no longer required to produce School Organisation Plans, and schools and outside promoters have a greater role in initiating changes in provision, particularly expansion of existing popular schools. Since 1 September 2006 a new statutory framework has applied for the establishment of new secondary schools – whether they are to be brand new schools (e.g. to meet population growth) or to replace existing schools (e.g. flowing from a re-organisation). The provisions do not apply to proposals to re-build a school on its existing site or to transfer it to a new site. The 2006 Education Bill proposes further changes, but it is as yet unclear whether they will be approved in their current form. Government Guidance on Building and Site areas is set out in:

• The Education (School Premises) Regulations 1999.

• Building Bulletin 98 for Secondary Schools;

• Building Bulletin 99 for Primary Schools;

• Building Bulletin 77 for Special Schools;

• Building Bulletin 85: School Grounds, a Guide to Good Practice; The Education (School Premises) Regulations set out statutory requirements for minimum playing field areas for schools with pupils aged 8 and over. The Regulations do not specify the location of playing fields relative to a school. The Secretary of State has the power to give a direction deeming a school to meet one or more prescribed standards when, in fact, it does not do so. The circumstances in which this may happen are set out in primary legislation and are:

• The nature of the existing site or buildings

• Shortage of available sites

• Control of public expenditure, including when the school is to have additional buildings, or is to be transferred to a new site

• Availability of alternative sports facilities

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The Building Bulletin Guidance sets out: “Realistic, non-statutory minimum standards are recommended for various categories of space within the buildings…and the school grounds.”

The site areas contain the requirements for outdoor space but also an additional “float” to meet any additional requirements based on the specific needs of the school. Building Bulletin 77 is accompanied by sample built area guidance but does not have site area formulae. Instead it refers to Building Bulletins 85, 98, 99 and the statutory guidance described above. It should however be noted that the specific design issues facing a school with pupils with Special Educational Needs and Disabilities will have a significant impact on the potential density of any building and therefore on its site footprint.

In effect then, while the Building Bulletins and associated regulations set out a starting point for identifying site and building areas, there is actually significant flexibility to meet the specific needs of the particular school and location. This is particularly the case with site areas as these vary more widely than built areas which tend to be common across schools with a variance in the density or plot ratio rather than floor areas.

Government investment in capital programmes for schools has combined additional funding for mainstream capital allocations to local authorities and schools, with targeted programmes brought together under the banner of “Building Schools for the Future” (BSF). The BSF programme has focused funding on improving secondary schools with a commitment to renew at least one school in each local authority in England by 2011 and projects underway in at least three schools by 2016. LB Barnet is in one of the later waves of funding.

The Government has also recently published a prospectus for the primary capital programme. This outlines the Government’s ambition to put primary schools “at the heart of the community” with significant additional capital funding announced in 2008-9 and 2009-10. The aim of the programme is to rebuild, remodel or refurbish at least half of all primary schools with a particular focus on those with the 5% worst physical condition nationally. Investment plans for local areas need to be targeted and linked with joint planning for services and facilities as part of Every Child Matters. The prospectus emphasises the need for excellent design and sustainability in new and improved school buildings.

Libraries

The Framework for the Future sets out the Government’s strategic framework for the future of the library service. It identifies the central role that libraries can play in providing access to knowledge, skills and information. The Framework identifies three roles which libraries should undertake:

• The promotion of reading and informal learning

• Access to digital skills and services including e-government

• Measures to tackle social exclusion, build community identity and develop citizenship.

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Recent trends in library provision have focussed on modernising buildings to provide on-line services and learning facilities as well as books. New libraries in other locations have been either located adjacent to other services or as part of larger multi-use buildings.

Health Services

Health policy at local and national levels continues to develop very rapidly, as technological and organisational change continues. Extrapolation of current trends can be a poor guide to predicting future policy frameworks; however it is nonetheless helpful to set the context for this report by briefly considering the current policy environment for primary healthcare provision in Barnet.

The NHS Plan (Department of Health, 2000) includes a commitment to improve health facilities in local areas, particularly where this brings a range of health and social services under one roof improving convenience for patients. This has resulted in the development of new models of local health provision which includes Walk-In Centres, One Stop Primary Health centres and Diagnostic and Treatment centres.

Ongoing policies will impact on future delivery of NHS services in the primary care setting; on the size and location of the primary care facilities and on patient’s expectations and attitudes towards their own health.

National and local priorities for healthcare development identified by Barnet PCT are to:

• Reduce hospital admission rates by enabling GPs and other practitioners to do work which is now undertaken in the acute setting. Also to reduce the length of stay (LOS) by providing rehabilitative care and continuing care in the community setting.

• Implement ongoing initiatives to reduce hospital referrals and the treatment of patients in hospital. For example: the development of basic diagnostic and minor surgical facilities and outpatient consultations for services such as dermatology, phlebotomy and diabetes.

• Improve long-term care for chronic disease/elderly care management; improving self-care, voluntary support services and to increase the focus of ‘Hospital at Home’ and preventative care services.

• Provide ‘alternative’ healthcare services within a primary care health centre, for example: acupuncture for the treatment of chronic and other diseases, counselling and provide easy access to local advisory services.

• Undertake a greater element of health promotion work in a variety of the primary care settings to reduce: smoking, obesity, sexually transmitted diseases, unwanted pregnancy, and to reduce drug and alcohol consumption.

• The report ‘Choosing Health: Making healthy choices easier’, describes how people will be encouraged to improve their health through changes in lifestyle. For example, by seeking advice through local health improvement services or clinics.

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• Develop a collaborative primary/community specialist team-based approach. For example: greater provision of a wider range of services by pharmacists, optometrists, GPs, specialist nurses. This will require the development of new workforce roles: for example 10% of additional time required by practice-based specialist nurses to enable GPs to provide specific elements of care. This could increase the number of full-time nurses working in general practice. Alternatively, pharmacists may play a major role in the ongoing monitoring of chronic illness.

• Develop the technological capacity of primary care to enable full computerisation. This will be essential to enable: on-line consultation and diagnosis, the electronic recording of patient information and the electronic transfer of the patient record; increased analysis of data, electronic booking systems and patient access to online health information.

• Ensure the co-location of Sure Start programmes (see above) in primary care centres and schools. The increase in the percentage of the population in the child-bearing age group, will lead to a demand for primary healthcare and for a proportional increase for the support of health visitors, community nurses; and therapists working with under 5’s (school setting for 5 years and over)

All the proposed changes in policy will impact on the resources required in Primary Care. The increased demand will also impact on the work of GP’s – possibly leading the employment of nurse consultants and other healthcare specialists.

At a local level, the London Borough of Barnet has made health issues a priority in its Community Plan 2006-2016, saying:

Healthier Barnet Our vision is that by 2016 the life expectancy of all residents, but particularly those living in what are currently Barnet’s deprived wards, will have increased.

The strategy sets a number of targets around three key themes:

• People are supported to take responsibility for their own health

• Health and social care provision is targeted at the most vulnerable, specifically people with mental health needs and disabilities

• Access to good quality health services

The Primary Care Trust sets out its objectives in the Strategic Service Development Plan. It sets out the PCT’s purpose, which is:

• To address health inequalities and improve health

• To commission specialist, acute, primary and community services on behalf of the local population

• To provide a focus for the development and improvement of primary care services, engaging all professional staff groups, other partner agencies, patients and the public

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• To provide (for the time being) generalist and specialist community-based health services for children and adults from community hospitals, health centres and clinics, primary care surgeries and within peoples homes

It also states the PCT’s vision:

Barnet PCT will improve the health of the local population and ensure there are good quality, appropriate health services for those people that need them. The PCT will want to ensure people receive 21st century health services - that is the right treatment at the right time in the right place provided by appropriately skilled staff.

The strategy outlines the plan to develop a “hub and spoke” network of community hospitals, primary care centres, and independent contractors. And this is related to individual development areas. The PCT is in the process of revising the SSDP, but the current version says, for Cricklewood:

Prior to the submission of a proposal to the developers a review of the local provision was undertaken. The proposal to be submitted now will enable an extra 8 GPs, or equivalent primary care workforce, to be based in the area and will assist 4 GPs to relocate into one of two new facilities. The plan is for one large primary care centre to the north of the development and a small surgery further south. The PCC will function as the ‘hub’ providing diagnostic services and be a centre for ‘enhanced’ services. It will function as the base for outreach mental health workers, a community nursing team and allied health professionals. The PCC will be based adjacent to many other local facilities i.e. pharmacy, school, library, leisure centre and LBB services and it is hoped to use the physical proximity to support joint initiatives where appropriate.

…It is envisaged that this development will form a large PCC supporting a cluster population of approximately 62,000. Up to 16,000 of this population will be a direct result of the regeneration scheme. This will have a significant impact on healthcare delivery requiring an increase in the provision of all services and workforce.

In relation to detailed guidance on space standards there are no nationally set space standards for GP surgeries. It is widely acknowledged that the more traditional model of GP surgery – in particular the conversion of a house – is no longer acceptable provision and that modern facilities where patients can access a broad range of primary care and community services is the preferred objective.

Until last year the Government did give space guidance through the statement of fees and allowances. These suggested that eight GPs would require 885 sq m of space, plus further space for additional services. However this guidance has been withdrawn to allow for more flexible models that can allow more space to enable GPs to operate in centres that offer a much broader range of services.

Some current advice is given on space requirements through the NHS Estates Facilities planning and design guidance on primary and social care premises. These three primary care centres, all of which opened in last year, aim to serve a population

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of 13,500-14,000 people – very similar to that forecast for the Brent Cross Cricklewood development. They vary in how many other facilities they include, and so vary in size from 1,100 to 2,500 sqm.

Clearly the context of each facility will vary, in terms of the type of population and their needs, the existence of other facilities in the area, and the policies and plans of the PCT. In addition, expectations and requirements will change over time, so the type of facility being opened now will not necessarily reflect what will be needed in 15 or 20 years time. This will need to be taken account of in the design of the facility, which may need to be flexible enough to enable change.

Policing

The Government’s plans for police reform are set out in the 2004 White Paper ‘Building Communities, Beating Crime – A Better Police Service for the 21st Century. This had a strong focus on neighbourhood policing and involving communities and citizens in how neighbourhoods are policed.

More broadly the Government’s “Respect” agenda identifies the need to tackle anti-social behaviour at the local level as the key to maintaining and improving local quality of life. This approach involves a combination of enforcement and community justice with preventative measures such as work with young people and families, creating activities for children and young people and strengthening local communities.

At the local level The Metropolitan Police, in partnership with the Council and other members of the Crime Reduction Partnership, have produced a crime, disorder and drugs strategy outlining the partnership’s vision of reducing crime and making Barnet a safer place to live.

As noted above this involves the introduction of safer neighbourhoods teams one of which is likely to be located alongside other local community provision at Brent Cross Cricklewood. The police have also identified the need for police shop units in key retail frontages/town centres. This suggests the need for an additional local facility located close to other local services and a small unit close to the core of the town centre and/or transport interchange.

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Requirements for the Development

The Proposals for Brent Cross Cricklewood therefore need to bring together the requirements identified from the three strands described above, namely addressing problems with current provision, mitigating the impacts of the development proposals, and anticipating and incorporating major strategic requirements in creating a new centre and providing for new forms of service delivery. A summary of each element is set out below.

Current Provision

The assessment of current provision found that in quantitative terms the wider Cricklewood/Brent Cross/West Hendon area is well provided with community facilities, particularly focused on existing town centres. The physical quality of some of the current provision – particularly Mapledown and Claremont School – is poor.

The development area itself has very limited provision due, in part, to a very low residential population, and the isolated nature of the current Brent Cross Shopping Centre. One of the key challenges for the masterplan therefore is to create a public and civic focus to supplement its commercial role.

Scheme Impacts

A range of provision is required as a direct result of the development proposals. First, this involves the re-provision of the Mapledown and Whitefield Schools and the Leisure Centre which are being re-located as a result of the development proposals. In the case of Mapledown School this offers the opportunity to address the currently poor provision. Second, a range of provision is required to mitigate the impact of the development of around 7,500 new housing units. This will require:

• Pre-school provision for up to 130 to 180 full time places

• 700 to 950 primary school places, with an additional 100 from West Hendon. Barnet Council is keen to see this provision include new school buildings for the Claremont School to address current poor provision

• Around 354 to 507 secondary places, plus 120 to 160 sixth form places, although the net figure could be significantly lower

• An 8 GP surgery and perhaps 14 additional primary care staff (including mental health services, and 5 adult social services staff

• A 400 sqm small library facility

• Safer Neighbourhood provision for the Metropolitan Police

• Other community provision providing a range of room types, which can be used for general community use, faith provision, access to information technology, and arts and cultural uses. This has the potential to be co-located with the facilities described above and/or through multi-functional space.

• A UK Online centre probably co-located with another facility

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Creating a Special Place

In creating a new centre the proposals need to address a range of strategic policy objectives. In particular they need to take into account the future strategic role of Brent Cross Cricklewood as a “New Town Centre” – providing community and leisure for facilities for a wider population than solely the development itself and second it needs to provide local facilities easily accessible to new residential populations. This suggests the clustering of facilities in selected locations within the development. The proposals also need to take into account wider policy developments and likely future trends in the delivery of public services. In relation to services for children and those providing learning opportunities there is a need to see provision as part of an overall package of services for children and families in the area. This will involve all schools being extended schools and providing wider provision, and the need for the development not only of Children’s Centres and public provision of pre-school education but also support for and stimulation of voluntary, community and private provision. Given the extensive plans for new and improved school provision within the development area they will play a central role as community hubs for the new development. Primary care facilities are also likely to play an increasingly important role in the local area, working with social services and the services for children and families described above. The Primary Care Trust wish to see flexibility in the provision of a “hub and spoke” model which could include a major primary care centre serving a wider strategic function working alongside a smaller local centre. These will need to relate to the other proposed facilities. In addition to this specific provision there is also an identified need for a range of flexible spaces which can provide for the diverse needs of a range of groups, organisations and service providers. This could involve halls, meeting rooms, training rooms, and public space which can play host to a range of activities including various community and faith activities as well as learning, arts, sports and recreation provision. The following Chapter brings these requirements together, describes how provision is made for these identified needs within the Proposals and the approach that the Development Partners will be taking to the phasing and delivery of these facilities.

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The Planning Application, Delivery and Implementation

The Planning Application

The proposals for Brent Cross Cricklewood are one of the most significant planning applications ever to be submitted in London, covering 151 hectares of land comprising 1.4 million sqm of development. They will be built over a fifteen to twenty year period. The application therefore needs to set out in sufficient detail what is proposed for the area, whilst leaving a level of flexibility to allow the Development Partners to respond to changing circumstances. The Development Specification and Framework (Volume BXC 1) sets out the proposed uses within the scheme. These are set out in Table 9.

Table 9 Brent Cross Cricklewood – Uses

TOTAL SQM (per use)

Residential (Class C3) 712,053

Retail and related uses North of the A406 (Classes A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5) 78,133

Retail and related uses South of the A406 (Classes A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5) 32,794

Business (Class B1) 395,297

Industrial/Storage & Distribution (Classes B2 and B8) inc rail and freight 61,314

Hotel (Class C1) 61,264

Leisure (Class D2) 26,078

Private Hospital (Class C2) 18,580

Community Facilities (Class D1) 34,615

Rail & Bus Station (Sui Generis) 2,533

PFS (Sui Generis) 326

TOTAL 1,422,987

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Location of Uses and Inter-Relationship

The site has been divided into development zones that reflect areas of distinct character within the planning application site within which buildings and open spaces will be constructed. Table 10 below provides a summary description of each development zone.

Table 10 Summary Description of Development Zones

Community Uses by Zone

Table 11, below, shows the proposed provision, contained within the planning application, for Social Infrastructure by Zone. This will ensure that, as a minimum, the scheme provides for the floorspace required as identified through this document. The precise timing, configuration and content of these facilities will be subject to triggers, agreed through the planning process, and through detailed planning of each facility as the part of the site in which they are located is brought forward for development. As elements of this Application are submitted in outline, each facility is contained within a Development Zone with the precise location and issues of co-location to be addressed as detailed plans for each area are brought forward and requirements for provision are triggered. The majority of the proposed facilities are contained within the proposed Community Campus (see section on location and co-location below) situated in the Eastern Lands. Other facilities are contained in the heart of the new Town Centre (Brent Cross East and Market Quarter) and will be brought forward as part of the first phase of development. The remaining facilities are located to ensure a broad geographical spread within the development with pre-school facilities in Brent Terrace and Station Quarter and the smaller Health Centre in the southern part of the development on

Development Zone Summary Description Brent Cross East Mixed use development including retail (Classes A1-A5), residential (Class C3),

business (Class B1), leisure (Class D2) , in addition to community facilities (Class D1) and enhanced public transport facilities.

Brent Cross West A mainly residential development configured around a rejuvenated River Brent. Market Square Mixed use development. The principal land uses include residential (Class C3), with

retail (Classes A1-A5) uses below. The zone also includes hotel accommodation, community facilities including health care and leisure floorspace.

Eastern Lands Mixed use development comprising an education campus (Class D1), private health care facilities (Class D2), in addition to business (Class B1) and retail (Class A1-A5) uses.

Brent Terrace New residential development (Class C3) with retail and education facilities. Clitterhouse Playing Fields Improved and enhanced existing open space, including shared education and

community facilities. Station Quarter The creation of a new mainline rail station and business (Class B1) floorspace. The

zone also includes residential (Class C1), as well as some retail and leisure floorspace.

Railway Lands Primarily industrial (Classes B2 & B8) development, with some business uses (Class B1)

Cricklewood Lane Mixed use development including residential, retail (Classes A1-A5) and health care facilities (Class D1), in addition to improvements to Crickewood Train Station.

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Cricklewood Lane. The expanded Claremont School will remain on its current site in Brent Terrace. The remainder of this chapter sets out some indicative directions in relation to these issues which will be subject to negotiation as part of the consideration of the planning application. Table 11 Community Provision by Size and Zone

Use Size Zone

Pre-School, Education & Learning

Claremont School Up to 4,900 sqm Brent Terrace

Children’s Centre 558 sqm Eastern Lands

Non-Statutory Pre-School (1) 232 sqm Eastern Lands

Whitefield School Up to 15,000 sqm Eastern Lands

Library and UK Online Centre

400 sqm Eastern Lands

Mapledown School Up to 4,500 sqm Eastern Lands

Non-Statutory Pre-School (2) 232 sqm Brent Terrace

Non-Statutory Pre-School (3) 232 sqm Station Quarter

Health

Primary Care Centre (incl. Social Services)

Up to 3,000 sqm Eastern Lands

GP Surgery/ Drop In Centre Up to 1,150 sqm Cricklewood Lane

Temporary GP Surgery Up to 500 sqm Market Square

Community & Other

Multi-Use Community 1,000 sqm Market Square

Multi-Use Community 1,000 sqm Eastern Lands

Multi-Use (Training) 500 sqm Brent Cross East

Leisure (Replacement) 2,800 sqm Eastern Lands

Police Unit 1 75 sqm Market Square

Police Unit 2 75 sqm Brent Cross East

Map 5 shows the illustrative provision of some of the main Community Facilities within the scheme. This includes the proposed provision of a Community Campus which will bring together the new Whitefield and Mapledown Schools with the Leisure Centre and Primary Care Centre. The precise configuration and relationship of these uses will be subject to detailed design when detailed development proposals for this area are brought forward.

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Map 5 Illustrative BXC Masterplan Area & Core Community Facilities

Key:

1. Whitefield School

2. Mapledown School

3. Lesiure Centre & Large Primary Care Centre

4. Children’s Centre

5. Claremont School

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Timing of Infrastructure Delivery

The timing of community infrastructure is informed by two elements. Firstly, the likely demand for these facilities, which will be driven by the development of the new housing units. Secondly, the proposed physical locations of the facilities within the development, and the need for re-provision before closure of certain facilities, has a major influence on when they can be delivered. Determining the locations and timing of the infrastructure has therefore been an iterative process with demand for facilities informing their phasing and location and vice versa. The development proposals contain an initial first phase which is intended to comprise development both north and south of the A406 and will straddle a number of zones including Brent Cross, Market Square and Brent Terrace. Beyond this the timing will be dependent upon market conditions. The first phase contains approximately 18 per cent of housing units. Assuming that it contains a similar proportion of residents it could be expected to house a total population of around 2,300. Of this population around 300 would be likely to be aged 0 to 15, 100 of pre-school age, 127 of primary age and 64 of secondary age. In view of this and to ensure sufficient social infrastructure provision addresses demand as it arises, a series of triggers have been developed which will ensure that each element is delivered at the right time.

Pre-School & Education Provision

Primary Development Package (PDP)

The implications of the PDP for education provision are as follows: For pre-school provision just over 20 full-time equivalent places will be required. In relation to primary school provision we have identified a total potential child yield of 127. As noted above this total could perhaps be reduced by around a third due to local moving groups, in which case net demand would be around 80. In terms of secondary school provision, the PDP could generate a demand from up to 64 students of this age. As noted above, this is likely to generate significantly lower local demand as some will continue to attend current schools, others will be educated out of the Borough or the state sector and others will attend other Barnet schools. Additional demand could be as low as twenty pupils which could comfortably be met in Whitefield School. The proposals for the PDP suggest that this additional pre-school and school age demand will be met through surplus and additional places in existing schools. In the case of pre-school and primary places, Parkfield School will be expanded and will also include a Children’s Centre. The development partners also propose to support the re-development and expansion of Claremont School, providing an additional form of entry including a nursery class. The combination of additional and surplus places would, on the basis of current rolls provide 530 school places, more than sufficient to meet additional demand in the short to medium term.

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Post Primary Development Package

The development will need to continue to provide for the pre-school and education demand on a basis related to occupation of residential units. LB Barnet’s standard approach to mitigating the impacts of development is to seek pro-rata financial contributions to allow the Council to secure the necessary expansions in provision to meet the needs of development. In the case of Brent Cross Cricklewood, given the scale of development there is also the need to consider the provision of sites for pre-school, primary and secondary provision. For pre-school provision this will be met by a combination of expanded nursery provision within primary schools (see below), the already planned provision by LB Barnet of the Children’s centre at Parkfield School, the provision if required of a further Childrens’ Centre within the development in the Eastern Lands and through the provision of three locations for day nurseries run by either private, voluntary or community sector providers. These facilities are each proposed to be 232 sqm, which using the Government’s Building Bulletin Formula could each provide for up to 50 places. As noted above Development Partners will pay for the re-development and expansion of Claremont School. In relation to Secondary Provision, the development does not create sufficient demand for the development of new schools in their own right. The re-provision of Whitefield and Mapledown schools therefore arises from the need to re-locate them as part of the Development Proposals. In the case of Mapledown School the LB Barnet’s brief called for an expansion of the school to nearly twice its current size – 61 pupils to 112. In addition, the recently produced Government guidance for special schools (Building Bulletin 77) significantly expands the required site areas. The development partners would therefore expect the local authority and or DfES to contribute to this re-development in recognition of current deficiencies and the expansion of available places not required as a result of the development. In the case of Whitefield School, it is anticipated that the re-development of this school could provide sufficient places to meet additional demand created by the development and in these circumstances the Development Partners would therefore not expect to have to contribute to the provision of places at schools elsewhere in the Borough. If the Council chooses to retain Whitefield at its current size partners will need to consider how additional needs can be met off site. The provision of the new schools will be the subject of conditions by which existing schools will remain in place until new schools are provided.

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Monitoring of Uptake

As noted above it is likely that overall primary provision, even for the higher end scenario, can be met by the re-development and expansion of Claremont School and the expansion of other primary schools within the area. However, it will be important for an ongoing process of monitoring to ensure that future scheme delivery will provide the necessary numbers of school places in a timely manner. Therefore a monitoring process, using post housing occupancy surveys and school roll data will be required to assess actual net additional demand generated by both the Brent Cross Cricklewood Development and that at West Hendon. A similar process will be required in the case of secondary school places, particularly in relation to the re-provision of Whitefield School which is proposed as part of the Community Campus in the Eastern Lands zone. The site has capacity to expand the school to meet likely potential local demand arising from the Brent Cross Cricklewood development, but depending on early take of places from the PDP, and trends in school rolls may need to continue at its present size. Mapledown School is also scheduled for re-development as part of the Eastern Lands zone. However, as a borough wide facility the replacement of the school is not affected by additional demand from the development but by the demands of the overall scheme. In the case of pre-school provision, it would be proposed that the expansion of primary schools to meet demand should be accompanied by the expansion of nursery classes. This should deliver sufficient provision for three and four year olds. It is also proposed, as part of the Eastern Lands zone, to develop a Children’s Centre as part of the community campus. In relation to private or voluntary sector nursery facilities – these are to be provided in Brent Terrace, Station Quarter and Eastern Lands.

Health Provision

The PDP would bring about demand for 1 to 2 GPs – less than a fifth of the likely final total and only around 10% of the capacity which the PCT are identifying from any new facilities. It is therefore not appropriate to bring forward a new stand alone facility as part of the PDP. If necessary the BXC partners will provide temporary space for the provision of a small GP surgery (500sqm) – perhaps for outreach from an existing practice – to address these demands. The large scale primary care provision is therefore proposed as part of the development of the Community Campus in the Eastern Lands. As noted this would provide capacity for the entire development and the wider surrounding area. Should the Eastern Lands element of the scheme not be forthcoming prior to agreed housing triggers for this centre the development partners will offer the PCT an alternative location in either the Market Quarter, Station Quarter or Brent Terrace zones. The smaller centre on Cricklewood Lane, would be provided based on the development of residential units in the area and subject to the conditions described below.

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Multi-Use Community Provision

The proposals provide for 2,500m² of flexible multi use community floorspace. It is envisaged that 1,500m² will be provided in the PDP, within Market Quarter and Brent Cross East zones, to form a basis for the new emerging community. The area within the Market Quarter is intended to provide flexible community space including a hall and spaces to rent by community groups. The floorspace in Brent Cross east is intended to provide flexible training space for retail and other related training activities described in the Regeneration Strategy. The Development Partners are concerned to ensure that the multi-use facilities are well managed and well used. It is therefore proposed that they will be run by the Estate Management Company, with an advisory group of local stakeholders. The remaining 1,000m² of flexible multi-use community floorspace is to be provided within the Eastern Lands zone within the Community Campus and may be co-located with other community facilities, probably with extended schools.

Leisure Centre

The Leisure Centre will be re-provided as a result of the re-development of its current site. The timing will not be driven by demand, but by its location in the Community Campus in the Eastern Lands Zone. As stated above the current Leisure Centre will not be closed until the re-provided centre is handed over and ready to open. The new Leisure Centre will provide at least the current level of facilities, with its precise configuration to be determined with the Council at the time it is being planned and built.

Library and IT Access

The PDP will not generate, in itself, sufficient demand for new library facilities. The new library will therefore be delivered as part of the Community Campus in the Eastern Lands, probably co-located with the new Whitefield School.

Policing Provision

The two Safer Neighbourhoods Units will be provided in the main civic and commercial locations in the scheme. It is proposed that one will be located in the Brent Cross East zone. The development partners will make available a further unit either in the Market Square or Eastern Lands Zones as part of the PDP, or when required by the Metropolitan Police

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Mechanisms for Delivery

The delivery set out above will be included in the planning consent and Section 106 agreement, a legal agreement between the Council and the Development Partners which sets out requirements on the Development Partners on a range of items including social infrastructure. This will include a number of mechanisms for the delivery of social infrastructure including:

• Triggers & Planning Conditions, relating to the development of housing units and other elements of the scheme – which will determine when social infrastructure needs to be brought forward. Conditions may also state for example, that development cannot take place in one part of the site, e.g. the current leisure centre – until a new centre has been provided;

• Financial Contributions – to contribute to the cost of providing facilities;

• Responsibilities, Terms and Conditions – setting out the responsibilities of the Council and development partners in, for example seeking funding and/or statutory approval for delivery of certain facilities, and also the terms and conditions of leases for facilities to providers, including the Council and third parties.

The balance between the mechanisms for each piece of social infrastructure provision will differ depending on the baseline position, impacts of development and reasons for re-provision. Earlier in this document we identified three drivers for new provision in the area. This includes current deficits in provision (either quantitative or qualitative), strategic policy and broader objectives in relation to provision, and mitigation of the impacts of the development.

Location and Co-Location

The previous chapter highlighted the location and co-location of services as a significant factor for a number of reasons. First, there is a clear driver to provide comprehensive and accessible services to meet the broad range of community needs, particularly for young people. Second there is a concern in planning policy to reduce the need for separate trips and create a critical mass of services in strategic and accessible locations. Thirdly, there is an imperative to deliver services efficiently and effectively and desire to maximise the potential usage, and therefore value for money, of each facility. The co-location of services fosters this approach. As noted above the bulk of the community facilities are located in the Eastern Lands zone, but immediately adjacent to the market square. In this sense, the zone of civic, or public, uses can be seen as a natural extension eastwards for the Town Centre and facilitate linked trips to both. Map 5 illustratively shows how the main plots in this location could be configured to facilitate co location of facilities within this zone. The bottom (square) plot is Whitefield School. This would play a pivotal role, to the east of the Market Square, north of

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Clitterhouse Fields and west of the campus square. This plot would need to have the ability to draw people through to the square and other facilities from the market square. Further east, the plot could contain the Primary Care Centre and Leisure Centre in separately managed buildings on a single plot. This could also have active street frontages to provide for café or other eating and drinking or convenience shopping. To the south of this plot lies the Mapledown School site and the Children’s Centre. Both of these face out onto a community square which would be open to the public but has the potential to be controlled space for use by the schools or for public performance and public art. This would need to have the services provided which would allow it to be used for such purposes. This is an illustrative diagram to show how core community uses can be co-located close to one another. The buildings and plots can be used in a range of different configurations depending on detailed design and procurement issues at the time of the development. Further models and ideas are set out below.

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Role of Schools

The role of schols in delivering public services, not just for young people but for the wider community, has grown significantly in recent years. The new responsibilities placed on local authroities for childcare and delivering the Government’s “Every Child Matters” agenda has given schools a central role in delivering a range of services. New secondary schools are expected to be extended schools providing a range of community services as well as wrap around care for pupils. Whitefield School is a full service secondary school with a sports specialism. In testing the appropriate plot location and size of the school site we have therefore taken into account these roles and in particular its need to provide community services in securely managed spaces which allow the school to function effectively alongside community provision, and also the need for the school to have excellent sports facilities on site and be located close to off site provision if required. The illustrative ground floor plan below shows how the school could be used as a key community hub, providing both for its own needs and for the wider community. The yellow area on the bottom left hand corner of the picture – which would be adjacent to the northern end of the market square, could be used as a public library and exhibition space on ground floor level, with the school library on a mezzanine floor above. Outside school hours the facilities could be combined to provide a single space for students and the public.

Map 7: Whitefield School, Illustrative Ground Floor Plan

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The parts of the building to the east and south of this area at all levels would provide the core school facilities. To the eastern end of the site however the building again has the potential to have a range of joint community uses. The block of the building adjacent to the public square could have shared IT and learning facilities and would be capable of providing separate entrances. In addition, the sports hall area – which again fronts on to the public square and also to the playing fields to the south, could have joint school and community uses. Mapledown School, being a special school with children with severe learning difficulties, would probably find it more difficult to manage joint uses, certainly during the school day. However, its location close to the PCT centre, and its provision of Hydotherapy and other specialist therapeutic spaces may have the potential to be used out of school hours as well, particularly if separate entrances are in place. The Children’s Centre would complete the range of Children’s Services around this square providing a range of services for young children and families. Again this would benefit from proximity to the Primary Care Centre and Sports and Play Facilities.

Integrated Building/s

An alternative model would be for the schools to provide their core services while the “Community Facilities” plot, identified above as housing the Primary Care Trust and Leisure Centre, additionally contained space for library and learning facilities, and other general community space. The building could be managed by the Estate Management Company with rents apportioned according to use of floorspace and prevailing market rents for the differing uses. Such a building would face significant design challenges, including separate entrances, noise and other environmental management, security, and apportionment of costs for utilities and other services.

Adjacency Model

The adjacency model can combine the school led and integrated buildings model described above. The “Community Facilities Plot” would house those services not delivered on the education sites, but housed in separately managed buildings but with adjacent entrances, clustered around the public square. This would avoid some of the difficulties associated with an integrated buildings model while ensuring that facilities are located close to one another.

Ownership and Management of Other Community Facilities

A key concern of all partners is to ensure that the proposed community facilities are actually delivered and able to be used by local people. There is a concern, particularly in relation to “generic” community facilities that while we can ensure that the buildings spaces within them, are built, this doesn’t guarantee that they will be used or well managed. For this reason BXC Development Partners propose that, with the exception of replacement facilities for current LBB owned property ie. the schools and leisure centre, the community facilities will be owned and either leased or run by the Estate Management Company.

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Those facilities proposed to be leased by the Estate Management Company, at a fair market rent, to providers are:

• Temporary Primary Care Facilities

• The Main Primary Healthcare Centre

• The GP Surgery

• Pre-School Provision

• The Safer Neighbourhoods Units The facilities to be owned and managed by the Estate Management Company are:

• The Multi Use Community Facilities

• The Skills and Training Provision in the Management Suite

Role of the Estate Management Company and Relationship to Management of the

Area

Effective management of the estate is essential if the proposed transformation of the area is to be achieved and sustained. The objective of the development partners is to ensure that the whole of the new development is managed to a high standard and that the management of those aspects which are under the control of the development partners (ie. the privately owned parts of the estate) works alongside the effective delivery of public services by Barnet Council and other public sector providers. A draft Estate Management Report has been produced which sets out how this will be achieved. In relation to Community facilities and Area Management three features of the proposed model are of interest:

• Funding Model

• Specification and Management of Social Infrastructure

• Area Management

Funding Model

The basic principle is that all areas need to be managed at an agreed standard. In a smaller or wholly private development this would not be problematic as Estate Management costs would be apportioned equally between the different uses. However, in a complex development this will not be possible not least because affordable housing cannot sustain the level of service charge of private housing. The Development Partners are therefore seeking to find innovative means to subsidise estate management deficits arising from affordable housing.

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Specification and Management of Social Infrastructure

It is proposed that the Estate Management Company will have ownership and will either directly deliver or contract for management of the multi-use facilities. Further definition is required of how:

• The physical content of facilities will be agreed and defined as the detailed planning proposals come forward

• What the range of programmes and activities which will be undertaken within the facilities will be

• Which groups and organisations will be able to access the facilities and at what cost

It is proposed that the Area Management Group (see below) or a sub-group of this will advise and help oversee the work of the Estate Management Company on these issues.

Area Management

The Development Partners recognise that an integrated approach to Area Management is required between the BXC Estate Management Company, Individual Estate Management Companies dealing with specific plots or groups of plots within the development and public service providers. They therefore propose to establish a Town Centre Forum and a Community Advisory Board. These groups will, among other things:

• Advise the EMC and other partners on the co-ordination physical and environmental management including private, and public realm, open space and roads;

• Advise the EMC and other partners on the public and community service provision in the area – including the provision of community facilities;

• Provide for liaison on security, policing, community safety and CCTV. The groups will establish sub-groups or working groups as necessary to take forward specific strands of work. This could, for example, include existing strands such as skills and employment and also potentially other issues such as Arts and Culture and Youth. In addition this should also explore the potential for incorporating LB Barnet’s customer service initiatives such as One Stop Services based in libraries.

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The Community Advisory Board could include representatives from:

• The Development Partners

• The Estate Management Company

• LB Barnet

• Registered Social Landlords

• Transport for London & Network Rail

• Health Providers

• Metropolitan Police

• Education and Training Providers

• Community and Voluntary Organisations At present it is intended that the group would concentrate on liaison, advice and co-ordination rather than having executive powers. .

Annex A

Ref Name Category Theme Address1 Postcode Borough Notes

1 Christ Church Church POW Heriot Road NW4 Barnet Includes Piccolo Motessori pre-school

2 Hendon United Synagogue Synagogue POW 18 Raleigh Close NW4 2TA Barnet

Includes Gan Yachad Jewish Orthodox Nursery

3 Hendon Park Tennis Courts Leisure Queens Road NW4 2TH Barnet

8 tarmac tennis courts - well used. Pay for the courts when the café is open. Free use when the café is closed. 4 x 7 a side football pitches with changing facilities - no showers.

4 Tennis Club Leisure Graham Road/Foscote Road Barnet Private club

5 West Hendon Baptist Church Church POW Wilberforce Road NW9 6AX Barnet

6 St Johns CE Church POW St Johns Vicarage, Vicarage Road NW4 3PX Barnet

Includes West Hendon Opportunity Group (pre-school)

7 Welsh Harp Sailing Centre Sailing Centre Leisure Cool Oak Lane NW9 3BG Barnet Closed at the moment.

8 UGC Cinemas Cinema Leisure Staples Corner Retail Park

NW2 6LW Barnet

9 Tennis Courts Leisure Alder Grove Brent Private

10 St Mary and St Andrew RC Church POW 216 Dollis Hill Lane NW2 6HE Brent Good Condition

11 Avigdor Hirsch Torah Temimah Synagogue POW Dollis Hill NW2 6RJ Brent Attached to school

12 Cricklewood Library Library Library 152 Olive Road NW2 6UY Brent 1 floor with possible storage above Old building, looks refurbished inside

13 St Michaels Church of Jesus Christ Church POW St Michaels Road NW2 6XG Brent Well kept

14 Dar-Al Islam Foundation Community Centre Centre 61 Anson Road NW2 3UY Brent

2 story building Well used Includes Shabab al Medhi Community Group

15 Cricklewood Synagogue Synagogue POW 131 Walm Lane NW2 3AU Brent

Gerard court has building work (maybe next door land)

16 St Gabriels Church POW Walm Lane NW2 4RX Brent Overgrown Offers a hall

17 Pavillion Leisure Off Westcroft Way Barnet Unknown

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Brondesbury Cricket, Tennis and Squash Club

Cricket Ground and Tennis Courts Leisure 5a Harman Drive NW2 2EB Barnet

Private club 7 tennis courts, squash and cricket

19 Tennis Courts and Sports Ground Leisure Off Horcroft Avenue Barnet Private Club

20 Sadhu Vaswani Centre Church POW 25 Cricklewood Lane NW2 1HP Barnet Children's centre?

21 St Agnes Catholic Church Church POW 35 Cricklewood Lane NW2 1HR Barnet Old building - refurbishing outside

22 Claremont Community Centre Community Centre Centre Sandifer Drive NW2 Barnet

New 1 storey building containing: Slimming club, artists, Thanksgiving bible church, Tai Chi, Claremont Free Church, Tae Kwon Do, Excel Saturday School, Toddler Group

23 Playing Field Pavillion Leisure Off Ranulf Road Barnet

Cricket pavillion, cricket nets, rugby pitch Part of University College School Playing Fields

24 University College School Playing Field Pavillion Leisure Off Ranulf Road Barnet 6 tennis courts plus cricket

25 Childs Hill Library Library Library Cricklewood Lane NW2 2QE Barnet 1 storey - old small building, full Contain UK Online centre

26 All Saints Parish Church Church POW Church Walk NW2 2TJ Barnet

Old Includes Jack and Jill P&T and pre-school

27 Allotment Leisure Off Garth Road Barnet 1503 Poles - 150 plots

28 Basing Hill Park Tennis Courts Tennis Courts Leisure Hendon Way Barnet

2 tarmac tennis courts. -free to the public. 1 senior soccer pitch plus changing rooms. Multi-surface court.

29 Hospital Fields East and West Allotment Leisure Hendon Way Barnet 1645 poles - 164 plots

30 Clitterhouse Playing Fields Playing Fields Leisure Claremont Road Barnet

2 Cricket, 1 Gaelic, 7 senior soccer pitches, 4 7 a side. No changing rooms and no showers. Hosts Cricklewood Festival

31 Hendon Football Club Sports Ground Leisure Claremont Road NW2 1AE Barnet

Ryman Premier League Team Including Claremont Youth Centre

32 Hendon Reform Synagogue Synagogue POW Danescroft Avenue NW4 2NA Barnet

Hosts Danescroft Ducklings P&T, Sticky Finger Creative Art, Sticky Fingers Interactive Parent and Baby Group, Danescroft Playgroup

33 MacHzike Hadath Synagogue Synagogue POW 3 Highfield Road

NW11 9LU Barnet

34 Princes Park Tennis Courts Leisure Oakfields Road Barnet Not known to council

35 Beth Yisochor Dov Synagogue POW 2-4 Highfield Avenue NW11 9ET Barnet Includes Jewish Care?

36 Netzach Yisrael Synagogue Synagogue POW

281 Golders Green Road

NW11 9JJ Barnet

37 Sinai Synagogue Synagogue POW 54 Woodstock Avenue

NW11 9RJ Barnet

38 Golders Green Beth Hamedrash Synagogue POW The Riding

NW11 8HL Barnet

39

The Greek Orthodox Cathedral of the Holy Cross and St Michael Cathedral POW Golders Green Road

NW11 8DA Barnet

40 Ohel David Eastern Synagogue Synagogue POW

Lincoln Institute, Broadwalk Lane

NW11 8HD Barnet

41 Golders Green Library Library Library

156 Golders Green Road

NW11 8HE Barnet

Includes office space for Farsophone Association volunteer group.

42 The Manor Health Club Leisure 307 Cricklewood Broadway NW2 6PG Brent Fitness centre above shops - 2 storey

43 Holmes Place Health Club Leisure 108-110 Cricklewood Lane NW2 2DS Barnet

New building - 2 storey plus hair and beauty and swimming pool

44 Hendon Leisure Centre Sports Centre Leisure Marble Drive NW2 1XQ Barnet Details already given in the brief.

45 LA Fitness Health Club Leisure 152-154 Golders Green Road NW6 7ET Barnet Private

46 Holmes Place Hendon Health Club Leisure 260 Hendon Way NW4 3NL Barnet Private

47

Cricklewood Trades Hall Club and Institute

Clubs and Associations Group

134 Cricklewood Lane NW2 2DP Barnet 1 floor plus bar - members?

48 Richmond School of Bridge

Clubs and Associations Group Humber Road

NW2 6DW Brent

49

Deerfield and West Hendon Social Club and Institute Ltd

Clubs and Associations Group 2 Station Road NW4 4PR Barnet

50 Central Circus Club Clubs and Associations Group 17 Central Circus NW4 3AS Barnet

51

Old Hendon Ex-Service Mens Club Ltd

Clubs and Associations Group 10-12 Heriot Road

NW4 2DG Barnet

52 Shabab Al Mehdi Youth and Community Groups Group 61 Anson Road NW2 3UY Brent

53 Tzivos Hashem Youth and Community Centres Group 2 Western Avenue

NW11 9HH Barnet

54 Welsh Harp Youth Sailing Base

Youth and Community Groups Group Cool Oak Lane NW9 7BG Barnet Closed at the moment.

55 Ezra Youth Movement

Youth and Community Groups Group 2a Alba Gardens

NW11 9NR Barnet

56 Hendon Sea Training Corps

Youth and Community Centres Group Cool Oak Lane NW9 7ND Barnet

57 Chaverim Youth Organisation

Youth and Community Centre Group 19 Highfield Road

NW11 9LS Barnet

58 Shree Kutch Leva Patel Community

Youth and Community Centre Group

15a Wilberforce Road NW9 6BB Barnet

59 Brent French Speaking Community Community Centres Group

03 Allies House, Dollis Hill Estate NW2 7BZ Brent

60 Maharashtra Mandal London Community Centres Group 306 Dollis Hill Lane NW2 6HH Brent Looks not in use/rundown

61 Barnet Multicultural Community Centre Community Centre Centre Algernon Road NW4 3TA Barnet

Barnet African Caribbean Association Barnet Somali Community Group Hendon Satsang Mandai Barnet Asian Peoples Association Hosts Multicultural Community Day festival and Refugee Week festival

62 The London Jewish Family Centre Community Centre POW

113b Golders Green Road

NW11 8HR Barnet

63

Brent Adult and Community Education Service Further Education Education

John Kelly Centre, Crest Road NW2 7SN Brent

Part of John Kelly Technical College Old mobile unti at back of site

64 Barnet College Further Education Education Safestart Foyer, 1 Handley Grove NW2 1TD Barnet

Includes Safe Start Foyer (8266 4287) Good condition/new - 1 storey Includes Safe Start College, Barnet College, Stadium Housing and Learn Direct

65 Starlight School of Dance Dance Schools Arts Wessex Gardens

NW11 9RR Barnet

66 Adele's Dance School Dance School Arts 13 Menelik Road NW2 3RR Camden Residential

67 Chantraine Dance of Expression Dance School Arts 25a Menelik Road NW2 3RJ Camden Residential

68 The Stables Gallery and Art Centre Art Galleries - Public Arts

Dollis Hill House, Gladstone Park, Dollis Hill Lane NW2 6HT Brent Heritage Lottery Fund

69 Mr Fitta Health Club Health Clubs Leisure 7 Senteniel Square NW4 2EL Barnet Heavy Weights fitness suite

70 Eastwest Studios Health Clubs Leisure 9 Watford Way NW4 3JL Barnet Women only

71 Neti-Neti Theatre Company Theatre Group Arts

Whitefield School, Claremont Road NW2 1TR Barnet

Has office space in school also used by Paiwand (Afghani group) for classes.

72 Mosque and Islamic Centre of Brent Mosque POW 33a Howard Road NW2 6DS Brent

Good Condition Includes Fingertips daycare nursery and hall

73 Montfort Missionaries Place of Worship POW 27 St Gabriels Road NW2 4DS Brent Residential

74

London Midland Railway Clubs Association Sports Club Group 327 Edgware Road NW2 6JP Barnet

75 Safe Start Foyer UK Online IT Hazledean Court, 1 Handley Grove NW2 1TD Barnet

76 Cricklewood Homeless Concern UK Online IT 60 Ashford Road NW2 6TU Brent

77 Childs Hill Library UK Online IT 320 Cricklewood Lane NW2 2QE Barnet

78 Cricklewood Library UK Online IT 152 Olive Road NW2 6UY Brent

79 St Patricks Church POW 167 The Broadway NW9 7EB Barnet

80 North London Itec IT Centre IT HITEC House, 193 The Broadway NW9 7DD Barnet

81 331 Young Peoples Centre Youth Group Group 189 The Broadway NW9 7DD Barnet

82 West Hendon Youth Association Youth Group Group 4a Park Road NW4 3PQ Barnet

83 206 Project Music Studios Arts 206 WH Broadway NW9 7EE Barnet

84 Federation of Synagogues Religious Group Group 65 Watford Way NW4 3AQ Barnet

85 Gayatri Mandir Place of worship POW 201 The Broadway NW9 7DE Barnet

86 Hendon Islamic Centre Place of Worship POW Brent Park View NW9 7EL Barnet

87 St Peter's Montessori Cricklewood Pre-school Nursery

Church Hall, 25 Cricklewood Lane NW2 1HP Barnet

88 Childs Hill Clinic P&T Parent and Toddlers P&T Garth Road NW2 Barnet

89 Hasmonean Kindergarten Full daycare Nursery 8-10 Shirehall Lane NW4 2PD Barnet

90 Independent Jewish Day School Full daycare Nursery 46 Green Lane NW4 2AH Barnet

91 Talmud Torah Beth Yosef Full daycare Nursery 8 Queens Road NW4 3NS Barnet

92 Make and Play Club Afterschool Club Clubs Childs Hill School NW2 1SL Barnet

93 Childs Hill Community Primary Council-run nursery Nursery Dersingham Road NW2 1SL Barnet

94 Clitterhouse Community Infant Council-run nursery Nursery Claremont Road NW2 1AB Barnet

95 Parkfield Community Primary Council-run nursery Nursery

St David's Place, Park Road NW4 3UB Barnet

96 St Agnes RC VA Primary Council-run nursery Nursery Thorverton Road

NW2 1RG Barnet

97 Wessex Gardens Community Primary Council-run nursery Nursery Wessex Gardens

NW11 9RR Barnet

98 Gan Yachas Jewish Orthodox Nursery Pre-school Nursery

Hendon United Synagogue, Raleigh Close NW4 2TA Barnet

99 Piccolo Montessori Pre-school Nursery Christ Church, Heriot Road NW4 Barnet

100 Claremont Road Toddler Group

Parents and Toddlers P&T

Community Centre, Sandifer Drive NW2 Barnet

101 Jack and Jill P&T Parents and Toddlers P&T

All Saints Church, Church Walk NW2 Barnet

102 Jack and Jill in Childs Hill Pre-school Nursery All Saints Church NW2 Barnet

103 Claremont Youth Centre

Youth Service Centres

Youth Centre

Hendon FC, Claremont Road NW2 1AE Barnet

104 West Hendon Oppotunity Group Pre-school Nursery

St Johns Church, Algernon Road NW4 3PX Barnet

105 Danescroft Ducklings Parents and Toddlers P&T

Hendon Reform Synagogue, Danescroft Avenue NW4 Barnet

106

Sticky Fingers Creative Art/Parnet and Baby Group

Parents and Toddlers P&T


107 Danescroft Playgroup Pre-school Nursery


108 Fingertips day nursery Day nursery Nursery

Islamic Centre (76), 33a Howard Road NW2 6DS Barnet

109 Busy Bees Parents and toddlers P&T St Agnes Church, Gillingham Road NW2 Barnet

110 The Clubhouse Youth Facilities Youth Centre 29 Woodstock Road

NW11 9RG Barnet

111 Sindhi Community House Temple POW

318 Cricklewood Broadway

NW2 6QD Barnet

Temple and community centre for Sindhi community

112 Jain Social Group Organisation Faith Facility 18 Wykeham Road NW4 2SU Barnet

113 Jain Wishwa Bharti Organisation Faith Facility 148 Hendon Way NW2 2NE Barnet

114 Shri Sanatan Dharma Sabha London Organisation

Faith Facility 36 Elmcroft Crescent NW11 Barnet

115 Shree Vishwakarma Association of UK Organisation

Faith Facility 56 Ridge Hill

NW11 8PS Barnet

116 Shree Gayatri Mandir Organisation Faith Facility 201 The Broadway NW9 7DE Barnet

117 Swaminarayan Sidhant Organisation

Faith Facility 3 Neeld Crescent NW4 Barnet

118 Sri Sathya Sai Bhajan Centre Organisation

Faith Facility 25 Montagu Road NW4 Barnet

119 Golders Green Police Station Police Station Police 1069 Finchley Road

NW11 0QE Barnet

120 Claremont Free Church Place of Worship POW Cheviot Gardens NW2 1PY Barnet

Contains hall for youth organisations, mothers and toddlers, sure start education, OAP groups

121 St Peter's Church Place of Worship POW 25 Cricklewood Lane NW2 1HP Barnet Includes pre-school facility

ANNEX B SCENARIOS

Houses

1 bed 2 bed 3 bed All 3 bed 4 bed All TOTAL

@ 15% Affordable

Private 2,210 2,967 947 6,124 126 63 189 6,313

Intermediate 107 146 46 299 - - - 299

Social 107 263 270 640 - 71 71 711

Total 7,063 260 7,323

@ 30% Affordable -

Private 1,782 2,392 763 4,937 126 63 189 5,126

Intermediate 393 536 169 1,098 - - - 1,098

Social 172 422 433 1,027 - 71 71 1,098

Total 7,063 260 7,323

CHILD YIELDS Houses

1 bed 2 bed 3 bed 4 Bed 1 bed 2 bed 3 bed 4 Bed

Private 0.007 0.100 0.194 0.288 0.3350 0.4290 0.5230 0.6170

Intermediate 0.006 0.248 0.894 1.400 0.0247 0.4162 1.2681 1.2857

Social 0.012 0.938 1.886 2.336 0.0101 1.1474 2.1334 2.5020

CHILDREN

Pre Primary Secondary

@ 15% 555 703 356

@ 30% 725 953 507

Social Infrastructure Report

Documents

Transcript of Social Infrastructure Report