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Social Exclusion, Caste Systemand Anti Oppressive Social Work

Dr. Prashant Bhosale

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Outline of Presentation

1. Concept: Social Exclusion

2. Problem : Caste System

3. Frame of Action : Anti OppressiveSocial Work

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Its as per the general agreementabout core features and indicatorsrelated to poverty andinequality(Mayara Buvinic 2005).

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Concept of Social Exclusion

Social Exclusion is denial of equalopportunities imposed by certaingroup of society up on others whichleads to inability of an individual toparticipate in the basic political,economic and social functioning

of the society.

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Characteristics

1. The Deprivation Caused throughExclusion

2. It embedded in Societal Relationsand Societal Institutions

(Arjan Hann 1997)

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Deprivation (i.e. denial ofequal opportunity) andPoverty(i.e. lack of resources as

compared to other member ofthe social group) can be theproducts of the Social Exclusion;

the consequences depend onfunctioning of socialinstitutions.

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An individuals access to equalopportunity is largely impacted by theSocial Exclusion provided interaction

occurs between power/ subordinaterelationship. (Mayra Buvinic 2005).

Exclusion from Societal Relation andSocietal Institution : The process

through which individuals or groups arewholly or partially excluded from fullparticipation in the society in which theylive.

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Caste System

Historically, the caste system hasregulated the social and economic lifeof people in India.

Exclusion in form of deprivation,discrimination and isolation based onidentity and ethnicity of a socialgroup.

Caste system has the basicepistemological premise of the Hindureligious philosophy.

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It has an organizational schemebased on the division of social group(Caste) in which rights (i.e civil, culturaland economic) of an individual arepredetermined and ascribed by birthpassing through generation togeneration.

Social Ostracism or social and

economic penalties is the regulatorymechanism which enforces the socialexclusion.

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Anti Oppressive Social Work

Anti oppressive practice embodies aperson centered philosophy, an egalitarianvalue system concerned with reducing thedeleterious effects of structural inequalitiesupon peoples lives;

A methodology focusing on both processand outcome; and structuring relationshipsbetween individuals that aims to empower

users by reducing negative effects ofhierarchy in their immediate interaction andthe work they do together

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Structural Social Work Theory: The order and conflict perspectives

are two competing views on the nature

of people, society and social problems. Former views : Society orderly, stable,

persistent and shared culture , valuesand consensus on its form and institution

Later views: Society held together notby consensus but by differential controlof resources and political power

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A. Working within (and against) thesystem

The personal is political

Oppression

Empowerment

Consciousness raising

Normalization

Collectivization Redefining

Dialogical Relationships

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B. Working outside (and against) thesystem

Social movements and coalition Building

Progressive Unionism

Professional Association

Electoral Politics

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References

1. Robert Mullay Structural Social Work: Ideology, theory and practice , M & S Publication, 1993.

2. Thorat Sukhadeo, Caste, Social Exclusion and

Poverty Linkages, E article retrived on 4.10.123. Ray I. A., Ray S., B.R.Ambedkar and his

philosophy of land reform: an evaluation, AfroAsian Journal of Social Sciences, 2011

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Thank You.!!!

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Amartya Sen (2000)

The Unfavorable Inclusion, with unequal treatmentmay carry same adverse effects as UnfavorableExclusion.

There is important need to differentiate in betweenActive Exclusionand Passive Exclusion for casual

analysis and policy response. Exclusion or deprivation have an intrinsic importance

of there own i.e.ConstitutiveRelevance The exclusion in itself is not impoverishing but can

lead to impoverishment of human life i.e. Instrumental Importance.

In economic sense, the exclusion may operatethrough restrictions on the entry in market and/through selective inclusion with an unequaltreatment to market and non market transactions.

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Market Economy framework andExclusion

In market economy framework,occupational immobility would operatesthrough restrictions in various markets

such as land, labor, credit, other inputand services necessary for an economicactivity.

Labor being an integral part of the

production process of any economicactivity, would obviously become part ofmarket discrimination.