Social Cohesion Action Plan of Council of Europe and SPIRAL methodology A response to the crisis in...

Social Cohesion Action Plan of Council of Europe Social Cohesion Action Plan of Council of Europe and SPIRAL methodology and SPIRAL methodology

A response to the crisis in Europe and in the A response to the crisis in Europe and in the world, starting from the local and regional levelsworld, starting from the local and regional levels

Division R&D Social Cohesion

Salaspils 2nd and 3rd February 2012

Conseil de l‘Europe – Council of Europe

1. Council of Europe Strategy and Action Plan for social cohesion

2. Social cohesion development as a response to crisis

3. Methodology for social cohesion at local level

4. How to develop Social Cohesion Strategy and Action Plan in Sweden

Presentation Outline

1- Council of Europe Strategy and Action Plan for Social

Cohesion

1949 : Creation of the Council of Europe with three core values : democracy, human rights, and rule of law.Then European Convention for fostering Human Rights and Fundamental liberties (1950), Creation of the European Court of Human Rights (1959), European Social Charter (1961)Great progresses in human rights with Governments through laws and policies, specially civil rights: women, migrants, minorities, disabled people, etc.

However from 1973, the growth rates decrease, with unemployment issues, regression of social rights and increasing of inequalities. A thinking begun on how to complete progresses with government with progresses with the whole society

1997 : Second Summit of the Council of Europe Introduction of the Social Cohesion as a new objective Social cohesion becomes "one of the foremost needs of the wider Europe and an essential complement to the promotion of human rights and dignity"

Council of Europe main steps

1998: Set of the European Committee for Social Cohesion

2000: First version of the Strategy for Social Cohesion, revised in 2004 and 2010.

It defines cohesion as the capacity of the society to ensure the well-being of all its members, avoiding disparities and polarisation and focusing on shared responsibilities to achieve this objective.Political definition and not only sociologic definition

Developing Social Cohesion

Including future generations

Social cohesion is the capacity of the society to ensure the well-being of all its members

Through coresponsbility (or shared social responsability)

Reducing disparities in the society

Definition of Social Cohesion

The Social Cohesion strategy

Social cohesion as a complementary objective of the core values of the Council of Europe: human rights, democracy, rule of law

Social Cohesion is pursued through four main pillars: investing in rights; sharing social responsibilities, enlarging civic and social dialogue and building a secure future for all

The Social Cohesion Strategy changes the vision of societal progress:

1. On the objective of progress: well-being of all, future generations included

2. On the responsibilities: progress through co-responsibility

Sharing responsibility for well-being of all implies the involvement of citizens and stakeholders in its definition

2005: Publication of a first methodological guide "collaborative development of indicators of social cohesion“

2005 - 2010: experiments in different cities, regions and institutions (companies, schools)Concept of "territory of co-responsibility '= territory in which a process of shared responsibility for the wellbeing of all is taking place between actors (public and private) of that territory. Extended to" School of co-responsibility", “Corporate co-responsibility", etc..

September 25, 2009: First international meeting of the Territories of co-responsibility in Mulhouse. and launching of the Territories of Coresponsibility Network, financed by Urbact II – project TOGETHER – 8 towns in 8 countries (one is Salaspils) + other 200 other towns

The implementation of the strategy

2010: Publication of a second methodological guide book: involving citizens in the societal progress towards well-being of allFebruary 2009: Conference of Ministers in Moscow2010: Launching the social cohesion action plan of the Council of Europe, crossing 2 approaches:

- A bottom up approach starting from the citizens expression of well-being/ Ill-Being to build indicators at local level, then at regional level and national level to revisit the policies at these different levels from what the citizens said

- A top down approach to adapt the policies to citizens needs

From Strategy to Action Plan for Social Cohesion in Europe

2- Social cohesion development as a response to

the crisis

Current crisis is not only financial and economic. It is as well- social- environmental- political (crisis of governance and regulation)- cultural, concerning knowledge itself- crisis of confidence

Crisis of society: what is progress?

Crisis of society goals: the progress

I- Since the industrial revolution the progress of society has been designed on the basis of a constant and very rapid growth in terms of wealth, mainly material wealth (estimated over last 60 years by GDP).

This growth was made possible by the widespread use of non-renewable resources, including fossil energies, leading, in a few centuries to the point of their exhaustion.

Limits of this model regards: Dissatisfaction with this model because, despite the increase of

wealth, much of humanity is excluded, inequality is increasing and even in the richest countries subjective indicators show a decrease of well-being, especially since 1980

The impossibility to continue with this model and the need to establish as quickly as possible an alternative model without massive use of non-renewable resources

Need to get back to basics: what is progress? What should the progress of societies tend towards? and how to make these changes?

An issue on the agenda

These questions have been raised since the 1970s by organizations such as the Club of Rome

From the 2000s the debate involves public institutions, at national and international level

In 2004 OECD launched a global project "beyond GDP"

In 2008 the French government forms a committee with two Nobel Prize winners (Stiglitz and Sen)

Since 2008 the European Commission undertakes a specific program "beyond GDP"

Conclusions are similar

GDP is not enough and progress must be rethought in relation to the well-being of humans and of our planet in general.

Well-being must be defined by citizens

Convergence with the social cohesion strategy and action plan of the Council of Europe

Rethinking well-being of all

The well-being of all the as an objective of society cannot be defined by either the market or by a central structure, or by specialists: well-being is a concept that belongs to citizens need of an overall democratic and participatory debate.

The experiments that we have been carried out for five years in this sense clearly demonstrate that the well-being of all defined by citizens give more room for intangible dimensions of wellbeing, opening a key route for societal progress. These dimensions depending on human relationships, social and personal balance, sense of life, participation and engagement in society, etc.. are an inexhaustible source of untapped wealth, although they are often misused, explaining the increasing feeling of ill-being, despite the increase in material wealth.

Multi-dimension aspect of Well-Being

The eight dimensions of well-being according to the criteria expressed by citizens

LIVING ENVIRONMENTPhysical components

A- Access to livelihoods

B- Living environment

SUBJECT Endogenous Components

F- Personal balances G- Sense

of well-being/ill-being

H-Commitment/engagement

E-Social balances and sense of belonging D-Human

relations

C- Relations with institutions

GROUP OF SUBJECTSSocial components

F- PERSONAL BALANCES G- FEELINGS OF WELL-BEING / ILL-BEING F00 - Personal balances in general F01 - Physical balance and health F02 - Autonomy, freedom, independence F03 – Time management & balance between activ F04 - Mental/emotional balance F05 - Spiritual life and religion F06 - Balance in relations with society F07 - Personal development

G00 - Feelings of well-being/ill-being in general G01 - Self-esteem/shame G02 - Satisfaction/frustration G03 - Peace of mind/Fear G04 - Stress/worries G05 - Happiness/sadness

H- ATTITUDES AND INITIATIVES E- SOCIETAL BALANCES H00 - Attitudes and initiatives in general

H01 - Self-improvement/self-respect H02 - Personal activities and initiatives H03 - Politeness/Sociability H04 - Meeting/Listening, being supportive H05 - Responsibility vis-à-vis common goods H06 - Commitment in society H07 - Dynamism, collective commitment

E00 - Societal balances in general E01 - Assertion & transmission identities & values E02 - Politeness, respect and tolerance E03 - Solidarity, sharing & transmission of knowledge & resources E04 - Social mix/insularity E05 - Economic balance E06 - Demographic balances E07 - Equity and social mobility E08 - Inclusion / exclusion E09 - Violence and peace E10 - Relations between society and environment E11 - Technical and scientifical progress

D- PERSONAL RELATIONS D00 - Personal relations in general

D01 - Partners/loving and sexual relationships D02 - Family life/family relationships D03 - Friends/relations with friends D04 - Neighbourhood relations D05 - Relations in activitiy places (work , school,…) D06- Relations with animals

C- RELATIONS WITH & BETWEEN ORGANISATIONS C00 - Relations with and between organisations in general

C01 - Fundamental rights/recognition C02 - Functioning of justice C03 - Consultation/democracy C04 - Transparency/communication C05 - Organisation, management, finance C06 - Access, information and contacts

A- ACCES TO ESSENCIAL RESOURCES A00 - Access to essential resources in general A01 - Food A02 - Medicines and health care A03 - Housing/equipment A04 - Clothing A05 - Education/Training A06 - Employment/work A07 - Leisure, culture, sport A08 - Purchasing power/access to finance A09 - Home care and personal services A10 - Mobility A11 - Information/exchanges

B- LIVING ENVIRONMENT B00 - Living environment in general

B01 - Cleanliness/pollution/noise B02 - Basic infrastructure and amenities B03 - Service infrastructure and facilities B04 - Meeting and leisure areas B05 - Weather and natural phenomena B06 - Landscape and living spaces B07 - Production and work conditions

Interactions between dimensions of well-being

Key role of co-responsibilityWhy co-responsability is important?

Considering that Resources activities well-being of allTo progress toward a better capacity to ensure well-being of all

implies:

RESOURCES

- natural

- équipments, infrastructures

-Time

- skils/ methods

- Financial

1- To develop better

utilisation of

resources

(valorisation,

mutualisation

preservation

transmision) & less use

of no renewable resources

ACTIVITIES

2- To develop the multidimen-sionnality of the l’impact of the activities on

well-being of all

WELL-BEING OF ALL :- material WB (employment, housing, éducation)- environment- relations- sociétal and personal equil - feelings- attitudes and initiatives

3- Methodology for social cohesion at local level

Local process

Step 1: Setting a coordination group involving representatives of local actors

Local process

Step 2: Defining progress in well-being of all with citizens by :Organizing homogeneous groupsCollecting criteria through 3 open questions:What is for you well-being?What is for you ill-being?What do you do or can do for well-being of all?Great number of criteria SynthesisRestitution, validation by homogeneous groups and fourth question about future generations

1- Setting up a coordination group

Common framework of local processes

8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens/communities

2-Defining

the well-being/ill-being criteria




2-Defining



3- Using criteria to evaluate



2-Defining




4- Planning improvements and pilot actions (action plan preparation)

Common framework of local processes8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens/communities

2-Defining




5- Deciding/committing


Common framework of local processes8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens/communities

2-Defining




6-Acting / implementing



Common framework of local processes8 phases for progress in policies/action involving citizens /communities

2-Defining





7 – reevaluation (ex post)




2-Defining





7 – reevaluating (ex post)

5- deciding/ committing


PROGRESS CYCLE

Common framework of local processes8 phases of the process developed involving citizens / communities

2-Defining




8-reviewing/learningcapitalizing





PROGRESS CYCLE

Common framework of local processes8 phases of the process developed involving citizens / communities

2-Defining



3- Using criteria to

evaluate

8-reviewing/learningcapitalizing




4-Planning improvements and pilot actions (action plan preparation

CYCLE OF PROGRESS

CYCLE OF CONSULTATION


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