So You Want to Build a Circuit
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Transcript of So You Want to Build a Circuit
So You Want to Build a Circuit?Bryan Hughes, Ph.D.
@nebrius Frontend Dev at Rdio
Voltage and CurrentVoltage is the potential difference
between two points, and current is the flow rate of electrons between them
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Basic Components
• Resistor
• Capacitor
• Inductor
• Battery
• Diode
• LED
• VCC
• GND
(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � Vdrop
Iideal
1
Ohm’s Law
Resistor: Battery: Ground:
V = I ·R (1)
V = voltage (V)
I = current (A)
R = resistance (⌦)
(2)
P = V · I =
V 2
R(3)
P = power (W)
(4)
Series resistors
V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2(5)
Parallel resistors
I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2(6)
LED resistor
R =
V � VLED
I(7)
1
(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � Vdrop
Iideal
1
Power Usage
Resistor: Battery: Ground:
V = I ·R (1)
V = voltage (V)
I = current (A)
R = resistance (⌦)
(2)
P = V · I =
V 2
R(3)
P = power (W)
(4)
Series resistors
V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2(5)
Parallel resistors
I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2(6)
LED resistor
R =
V � VLED
I(7)
1
(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � Vdrop
Iideal
1
Series Resistors
Resistor: Battery: Ground:
(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � Vdrop
Iideal
1
Parallel Resistors
Resistor: Battery: Ground:
Light Emitting Diodes
(1) V = I ·R
(2) P = V · I =
V 2
RSeries resistors
(3) V1 = V · R1
R1 +R2
Parallel resistors
(4) I = V · R1 ·R2
R1 +R2
LED resistor
(5) R =
V � VLED
I
1
Resistor: Battery: Ground:LED:
Volta
ge
0
1
2
3
4
5
Time
Voltage Low Threshold High Threshold
Digital LogicLow: -0.5V to 0.2⋅Vcc
High: 0.7⋅Vcc to Vcc + 0.5V
SwitchesPull Down Resistors stabilize the voltage while the switch is open
RelaysSoftware controllable switches
TransistorsAt the heart of almost every signal conversion circuit, such as power boosting and voltage level shifting
Power concerns
• Everything has power limits
• Exceeding those limits == damage
• Microcontrollers have low limits
• Key to great hardware is making everything happy
Thank YouBryan Hughes
@nebrius