SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log....

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SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows

Transcript of SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log....

Page 1: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

SNAKES 3-27-06

Stealths of the Shadows

Page 2: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you may get bitten when your foot startles them.

Page 3: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Instead, always step on logs then take a stride off.

Page 4: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

In Sri Lanka, cobra charmers are plentiful. BTW, just where is that big snake going???

Page 5: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Typical cobra stance photo by Thomas Eimermacher

Page 6: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Most snakes crawl on the ground or climb trees.

Page 7: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

But, in the tropics, some snakes fly!Chrysopelea from SE Asia (National Geographic).

Page 8: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Fer-de-lance, called a Tommygoff in Belize. Bothrops asper.

Page 9: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Can you tell why it is called a Lance-head?

Page 10: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Note how the Tommygoff looks like a pile of leaves?

Page 11: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Look again.

Page 12: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

And look again.

Page 13: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

We walked right by this one – the third person in line saw it. Cockscomb, 2005.

Page 14: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

These Fer-de-lances are from Trinidad.

Page 15: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Tommygoff in Rabinowitz’s wrecked airplane. Orlena Tampira & Ryan Englebrecht

looking into the hole (bottom left is what they saw; Dr. Bob leaning inside plane to take the photo of the 6 ft fer-de-lance on the right).

Page 16: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Dead Tommygoff found on the highway by Sydnoid.

Page 17: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Bothriopsis bilineata - Perú

Page 18: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Eyelash Palm-Pitviper, Bothriechis schlegelii - Belize

Photos by Marceau Ratard

Page 19: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Eyelash Palm-Pitviper, Bothriechis schlegelii, juvenile. This species often rests flat against

tree trunks in Belize forests. photo by Thomas Eimermacher

Page 20: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Cantil, Agkistrodon bilineatus - Belize

Page 21: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Cantil head shots.

Page 22: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

What is this?

Page 23: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

A hawk moth caterpillar, Hemeroplanes

ornatus photo from

Natural History Magazine

Page 24: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Puff Adder, Bitis arietans - Africa

Page 25: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Saw-scale Viper, Echis coloratus – Note that it is lying with its sides curved & in contact. This allows it to rub its sides together and make a loud hissing sound. Africa

Page 26: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

African Horned Viper, Cerastes cerastes: Convergent with the American Sidewinder Rattlesnake due to use of desert habitat; nestles down in the sand and ambushes prey.

Page 27: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Velvety-Green Night Adder, Causus resinus – Africa - not all vipers look like venomous snakes.

Page 28: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Bibron’s Burrowing Asp, Atractaspis bibronii – Africa – feed on rodents in burrows; have the ability to move the fangs out of the mouth, pointing to the rear, an adaptation for envenomating a number of mice as they scurry away and past the predator in the burrow. Don’t try to pick them up behind the head – they can bite backwards! Photo by Harry W. Greene.

Page 29: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

HOW CAN ONE TELL A CORAL SNAKE FROM ITS “MIMICS”?

In the U.S. and Belize, remember this poem: Red and yellow kill a fellow, red and black friend of Jack. This means that if red rings touch yellow rings, it is venomous; if red rings touch black rings, it is not venomous.

Warning: This does not work everywhere – check out some of the venomous coral snakes in the following slides.

Page 30: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Are all red, yellow (tan), and black non-venomous snakes actually mimicing venomous coral snakes?

That is the theory, but there is a strong possibility that this color combination is cryptic. Remember, they mostly live underground. Also, when lying still, they tend to be obvious, but when they are 1) in the shade or 2) begin to move, they are extremely cryptic.

Page 31: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Non-venomous Milk Snake, Lampropeltis triangulum, from Cockscomb, Belize – 2002.

Page 32: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

False Coral, Erythrolamprus mimus, a mildly venomous coral snake mimic.

Page 33: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Calico False Coral Snake, Oxyrhopus petola – a non-venomous nocturnal snake - Belize

Page 34: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Guatemalan Neck Band Snake, Scaphiodontophis annulatus – how did this evolve? - Belize

Page 35: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Scaphiodontophis juvenile from Cockscomb, Belize.

Page 36: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Large Coral Snake, Micrurus lemniscatus – Trinidad (by John Moyle)

Page 37: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Maya Coral Snake, Micrurus hippocrepis – Cockscomb, Belize

Page 38: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Spix’s Coral Snake, Micrurus spixii – South America

Page 39: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Aquatic Coral Snake, Micrurus surinamensis – displaying - Amazon Basin

Page 40: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.
Page 41: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Black Mamba, Dendroaspis polylepis – note the venom drops – Africa. The pink skin is possibly the result of a viper bite.

Page 42: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

In the south Pacific, there is an octopus that mimics a sea snake

Page 43: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Mussurana, Clelia clelia: As an adult, mussurana’s eat snakes; as juveniles, they eat lizards (see a specimen extruding from a wound in this dead specimen’s side). As an adult it is very dark, but as

a juvenile, it looks a bit like a coral snake.

Page 44: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Black-striped Snake, Coniophanes imperialis - Belize

Page 45: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Scorpion-eating snake, Stennorhina freminvillei

Page 46: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Big-headed snake, Imantodes cenchoa - Cockscomb

Page 47: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Rain Forest Cat-eyed Snake, Leptodeira frenata - Tikal

Page 48: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Northern Cat-eyed Snake, Leptodeira septentrionalis - Belize

Page 49: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Cat-eyed Snake, Leptodeira septentrionalis, eating the eggs of the Red-eyed Frog.

Page 50: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Mexican Parrot Snake, Leptophis mexicanus - Belize

Page 51: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Sydney captured a Green Parrot Snake, Leptophis ahaetulla (non-venomous) along the Sibun River as we floated out of the cave.

Page 52: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Dr. Bob gets nailed by a Green Parrot Snake (non-venomous, of course).

Page 53: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Puffing Snake, Pseustes poecilonotus - Belize

Page 54: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Puffing Snake defensive posture – puffing up to look bigger and looking like a twisted vine or stick.

Page 55: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Puffing snake mouths (note the open epiglottis on the left – allows the snake to breath while swallowing prey)

Page 56: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Green rat snake, Senticolis triaspis, Belize

Page 57: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Speckled racer, Drymobius margaritiferus, Belize

Page 58: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Indigo Snake, Drymarchon corais – northern Mexico.

Page 59: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Indigo Snakes, or Crebos, are tan in Belize: Dr. Bob (l) & Alexandro Ack (r).

Page 60: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Coffee Snake, Ninia sebae, a reclusive soft-bodied invertebrate eater - Belize

Page 61: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Coffee snake, Ninia atrata, from Trinidad.

Page 62: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Brown Vine Snake, Oxybelis aeneus – note the open mouth threat display - Belize

Page 63: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Green Vine Snake, Oxybelis fulgidus – a lizard eater that often extends and vibrates its tongue as a lure for its prey – Belize.

Page 64: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Asian Vine Snake, Ahaetulla prasinus- note the horizontal pupils.

Page 65: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Oookie!!!!

Of course you’ll have a chance to try this!

Page 66: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Hydrodynastes gigas – South America

Page 67: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Liophis anomalous - Argentina

Page 68: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Cloudy Snail-Sucker Snake, Sibon nebulata - Belize

Page 69: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Snail-eating Thirst Snake, Dipsas brevifacies, a snail eater from Belize

Page 70: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas laevisquama, a new species from Bolivia by Dirk Embert

Page 71: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas arnaldoi, a very rare racer of the Araucaria forests of southeastern Brazil. By Marcos Di-Bernardi

Page 72: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas baroni, an arboreal snake of Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia that is dichromatic.

Page 73: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas chamissonis, a common racer of central Chile.

Page 74: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas cordata, a racer from a tepui in Venezuela.

Page 75: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas mattogrossensis, a racer of the grasslands of central Brazil.

Page 76: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas olfersi, Brazil and most countries in South America.

Page 77: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas patagoniensis, a very common grassland snake from Brazil through Argentina.

Page 78: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas psammophideus andensis, a new subspecies from Bolivia.

Page 79: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas simonsi (l) and P. tachymenoides (both of montane Perú) by Harald Nicolay

Page 80: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Philodryas viridissimus – an Amazonian snake that might prefer the canopy. by Dick Bartlett

Page 81: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Thamnodynastes sp.- South America

Page 82: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Tachymenis peruviana (l) and Tomodon dorsatus – both are being placed in Thamnodynastes. South America Tomodon photo by Marcos Di-Bernardo.

Page 83: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Hemipenis of Philodryas chamissonis. Note the ornamentation: spines, calyces (pits), sulcus spermaticus (left figure; lipped grooves that carry sperm), shape, lobes, etc.

Page 84: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Hemipenis of Philodryas nattereri, sulcate surface on the left.

Page 85: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Hemipenis of Philodryas patagoniensis, sulcate surface on the left.

Page 86: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Hemipenes of two species of Thamnodynastes – unique in their variation.

Page 87: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Hemipenes can make good hats, too!

Page 88: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Tropidodryas striaticeps – Brazil. This aggressive snake has an interesting tail tip (attracting prey?) and enlarged scales on its rear-lateral dorsal scales (for rubbing and making sound).

Page 89: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Some snakes, especially those with brightly colored bellies, will hide the head and lift the curled tail when confronted by a predator.

Page 90: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Some snakes will avoid predation by “playing dead” (letisimulating).

Page 91: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Brahminy Blind Snake, Ramphotyphlops braminus – Pan-Tropical

Page 92: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Leptotyphlops albifrons - Trinidad

Page 93: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Anaconda, Eunectes murinus - Venezuela

Page 94: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Who is winning?

Page 95: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Anacondas mating – often, more than one smaller male is in pursuit! The female is the biggun in the middle. National Geographic Magazine

Page 96: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Emerald Tree Boa, Corallus caninus - note the heat receptors on the lips – South America

Page 97: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Cook’s Tree Boa, Corallus ruschenbergii - Trinidad

Page 98: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Rainbow Boa, Epicrates cenchria - Venezuela

Page 99: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Burmese Python, Python molurus – SE Asia

Page 100: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Tony Garel’s supersized Burmese Python – Belize Zoo.

Page 101: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Ball Python, Python regius - Africa

Page 102: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Boa constrictor, Tikal

Page 103: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Everyone loves to hold a wild boa!

Page 104: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Dr. Bob’s boa has lots of large teeth!

Page 105: SNAKES 3-27-06 Stealths of the Shadows. Safety in the field is imperative. Never step over a log. Snakes often rest coiled up next to objects, and you.

Cloaca. No more snakes here!