SMART PRODUCTION, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND … · 5/30/2018  · SMART PRODUCTION, ARTIFICIAL...

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SMART PRODUCTION, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INDUSTRY 4.0 IN LAC: ACTION LINES 1 st Forum on Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things in Smart Sustainable Cities in Latin America Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2930 May 2018 Valeria Jordán Division of Production, Productivity and Management UN ECLAC

Transcript of SMART PRODUCTION, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND … · 5/30/2018  · SMART PRODUCTION, ARTIFICIAL...

Page 1: SMART PRODUCTION, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND … · 5/30/2018  · SMART PRODUCTION, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INDUSTRY 4.0 IN LAC: ACTION LINES 1st Forum on Artificial Intelligence

SMART PRODUCTION, ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND INDUSTRY 4.0 IN LAC: ACTION LINES

1st Forum on Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things in Smart Sustainable Cities in Latin AmericaBuenos Aires, Argentina, 29‐30 May 2018

Valeria JordánDivision of Production, Productivity and Management 

UN ECLAC

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A world in vertiginous transformation:sustainability and digitalization

Tangible good exchange Intangible data and knowledge exchange 

Global value chains Global digital platforms

Focus on the economic country level

Increasing  economic importance of cities and megacities

Geographical dimension of markets Borderless global digital markets

National or multinational regulations Multilateral and global governance

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‐ effects in competition

‐ effects on the labor market

‐ change in competitiveness

‐ data as an strategic asset

Traditional economy

•Production and business models

•Consumption pattern•Vertical with borders•Norms and regulations

Digital economy

•New production and business models•New consumption patterns•Verticals with no borders

Digital platforms

IoT+AI

Block‐chain

The fusion of two worlds

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Facebook Aquila Project 

TerragraphApple SIM

Messenger Integration 

(transportation)

Tencent & Guangzhou:  

iSPACE concept auto

Messenger Integration ‐

Facebook Payments

Genes for Good

Amazon Maps API

Project 1492

ET City Brain

Xiongan New Area ‐ Smart City Proyect

Terragraph and Project ARIES

Tencent Miying

IT and infraestructure

CommunicationsMessaging

Digital media and entertainment

Connected cars and mobility

E‐commerce and retail

Fintech  and payments

Navigation and location

Artificial intelligence

Hardware and devices

Advertising

Healthcare

Smart cities

Jarvis

Association

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Bottom line: Who will lead the global production?

The strategies of the US, the EU and China seek a repositioning of industrial production andmove forward on smart manufacturing

United States: renegotiate trade agreements, preference for products and nationalsectors, support policies (fiscal, environmental, etc.)

China: innovation, train human resources, transform the whole chain of themanufacturing process, support for SMEs

European Union: protect sensitive industries, strengthen integration (France andGermany), address climate change and data protection and advance green industries ofthe future

Effects on investment flows and productive structure

Who will lead in the digital world?�

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¿AND LATIN AMERICA?

80% of urbanization Smart cities

Environmental and energy crisis Smart grids

Aging of the population Digital healthcare

Low productivity and competitiveness Smart production

Problem Solution

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IoT: components

1. Devices

2. Communication networks

3. Software platforms and applications

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IoT: action lines

1. Standards harmonization and interoperability

2. IPv6 adoption

3. Spectrum management that does not restrict the deployment of IoT networks

4. Demand for IoT services by the public sector as a driver

5. Policies and regulation on data protection and privacy, and data flows 

6. Cybersecurity

7. Capabilities for the development of IoT solutions

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DEVELOPMENT  OF  THE  DIGITAL  ECOSYSTEM

01020304050607080

Infraestructura

Conectividad

Digitalización de loshogares

Digitalización de laproducción

Nivel de competenciaIndustrias Digitales

Factores de producción

Institucional y regulatorio

OCDE LAC

Connectivity

Home digitization 

Productiondigitization 

Market competitionDigital industries

Production factors

Institutions and regulations

Infrastructure

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Waves  of  technological  development  and  the  stages  of  productive  transformation

Management systems, data processing, mobile telecommunications

Automation, decentralization of productive chains

1950‐1975 1960‐2000

2010 ‐ in progress

Internet platforms, cloud computing

Redefinition of productive processes, cost reduction and 

digital commercialization

1970‐1990 1995 ‐ in progress

IoT, Robotics, AI, Machine learning, 

Blockchain

New business models, virtualization of 

stadiums in the value chain

1980 ‐ in progress

2005 ‐ in progress

From 2020

1990‐2010

Technologicalinnovation

Productiontransformation Development Adoption Time period of

impact

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THE  HUMAN  CAPITAL  GAP

a) LAC, 2004‐2018

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016Digitalización Capital humanoDigitization Human capital

b) Europe, 2004‐2016

Indexes of digitization and of human capital

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016Digitalización Capital humanoDigitization Human capital

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Digital skills: action lines Demand

• Promote enrollment in technological careers

• Provide an adequate base of primary and secondary education to increase the number of graduates in careers related to technology.

• Sensitize society on demand in digital technologiesOferta 

• Supply

• Adapt and flexibilize the curriculum to adapt to technological dynamism: shorter careers and revaluation of technical careers.

• Dialogue between actors to adapt more real world and academic world

• Training for the current workforce

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The great disruption1. The digitization process is accelerating

• Effects beyond cost reduction

• Disruption of industries and sectors

• Disruption in policies: fiscal, commercial, monetary, competition, labor and social security.

• Effects are intersectoral and transnational.

• There is a digital divide, but the adoption in the region is fast and there are no lags like those of the industrial‐age 

• Promote innovation and affordability to new technologies• Development of sectoral solutions based on digital technologies

• Public‐private collaboration

• The need of a new governance• That brings together traditional and new actors in various sectors of the economy

• International multilateralism: regional digital market