SJK (T) JALAN SAN PENG

KUALA LUMPUR

PERTANDINGAN EKSPERIMEN SAINS, PERINGKAT ZON PUDU 2011

4.1 USES OF ENERGY

4.2 TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY

4.3 RENEWABLE AND NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY

4.1 USES OF ENERGY

ENERGY

What is energy?

The ability to

do work

Why do we need energy?

To carry out life processes (moving,breathing and growing,(plants-to

make food)

To do our daily activities (walking,reading,playing)

*Non living things- to move, to work

SOURCES OF ENERGY

Sources of

energy

Sun Main source of heat and light

energy (solar energy)

Water (hydroelectric power) Wind

(Windmills)

Food (Cooked or uncooked food)

Fuel (coal, fire, wood, oil and natural

gas) Battery

Chemicals (man made)

(dry cells, accumulator)

Mnemonic

S, B, 2F, 2W

(SON BUYS 2FANS&2WHEELS)

SON-SUN BUYS-BATTERY 2 FANS- FUEL, FOOD 2WHEELS- WATER,WIND

The Sun as a Primary Source of Energy

heat energy stored in lakes and reservoirs

energy stored in wind

Hydroelectric

heat energy

Sun light

light

energy stored in fossil

fuels like petrol

energy stored in wood

energy stored in food

Living Things

Humans

(Animals)

4.2 TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY

Form of Energy

1

Electrical Energy

2

Light Energy

3

Heat Energy

4

Sound Energy

5

Chemical

Energy

6

Kinetic Energy

7

Potential Energy

Mnemonic

E

Elephant

L

Likes

H

Heavy

S

Sweet

C

Cute

K

Kind

P

Porcupine

1

Electrical Energy

Enable electrical appliances such as

computer, television and etc.to

work.

Can be obtained from sources like

dry cells, dynamos, solar cell and

etc.

2

Light Energy

Enable us to see

Can be obtained from objects that

produce light

- Sun

- Lighted candles/ burning objects

- Lamps, lanterns and lamp

-

3

Heat Energy

Heat causes an object to become

hot.

Can be obtained from sun, burnt

fuels (coal/fire wood/candles) and

electrical equipment(lighted bulbs,

kettle)

4

Sound Energy

Enable us to hear

Produced by vibrations

Sources: musical instruments, alarm

clocks.

5

Chemical

Energy

Stored in fuels and food

Examples : battery, petrol, gas

cylinder, rice, meat, vegetables

6

Kinetic Energy

Moving objects has kinetic energy

Examples: moving car, rotating fan,

flying bird, flowing river and etc.

(Switching on or off is not kinetic)

7

Potential Energy

Stored in an object because of its

position/condition

Examples: stretched rubber band, a

coconut on top of tree, stretched

arrow.

Can change from one form to another form

Cannot

create Cannot

destroy

Transformation of energy

Energy

Activity Transformation of energy

a) Switching on the

television

Electrical energy light energy + sound energy

b) Using a solar-powered calculator

Solar energy electrical energy light energy

c) Kicking a ball Chemical energy (body) kinetic energy heat energy

d) Burning a candle Chemical energy light energy + heat energy

e) Switching on a torchlight

Chemical energy electrical energy light energy

f) Boiling water

Electrical energy Heat energy

Transformation of energy

(Draw to show the transformation) (Put + to show if more than one energy is produced)

Appliance Transformation of energy

a) Radio

Electrical energy sound energy

b) Electrical iron

Electrical energy heat energy

c) Table fan

Electrical energy kinetic energy+ sound energy

d) Gas stove Chemical energy heat energy + light energy

e) Hairdryer

Electrical energy kinetic energy heat energy+ sound energy

f) Torch light Chemical energy electrical energy + light energy

Transformation of energy

4.3 RENEWABLE AND NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY

(As the usage of non-renewable energy increases, the availability of non-renewable energy in the earth decreases)

Energy

Renewable

(Can be replenished when used up)

Solar (sun)

Wind(windmills)

Biomass

(Plants& Animals waste)

Hydroelectricity-water

(It does not cause pollution)

Non-renewable

(Cannot be replenished when used up)

Fossil Fuels

Natural Gas

Petroleum

Coal

(Can cause shortage if use

them extensively)

Heat

energy

USAGE OF ENERGY

USE ENERGY WISELY

To save cost

To reduce

pollution

To avoid

wastage

To avoid

shortage

WAYS TO SAVE ENERGY

Switch off appliances when they are not in use.

Use public transport

Share the car with friends (car pooling)

Use energy-saving electrical appliances such as

fluorescent lamps which are more energy

efficient compared to filament bulbs.

MCQ QUESTIONS

1.

What does the information refer to?

A. Work

B. Energy

C. Food

D. Life processes

2. Which of the following statements is not true?

A. An accumulator has chemical energy.

B. A lighted torch has light energy.

C. A moving toy has kinetic energy.

D. A box on the ground has potential energy.

3.

Which appliance undergoes the above energy transformation when it is in use?

A. Electrical cooker

B. Table fan

C. Calculator

D. Radio

4. A kettle whistling when the water is boiling. Which energy transformation takes

place when the alarm clock rings?

A. Chemical energy electrical energy kinetic energy sound energy

B. kinetic energy electrical energy chemical energy sound energy

C. Chemical energy electrical energy sound energy kinetic energy

D. Sound energy kinetic energy electrical energy chemical energy

We need it to walk, talk and breathe

We need it to carry out life processes.

No work can be done without it.

Solar energy Electrical energy Light energy

5. Diagram 1 shows electric appliances

Which appliances make use of energy

transformation to work?

A. Oven only

B. Computer only

C. Oven and Fan

D. All the above electric appliances

6. Which of the following are renewable energy

resources?

A. solar energy and coal

B. solar energy, wind and coal

C. solar energy, wind and biomass

D. solar energy, wind and petroleum

7. Which of the following can help save

energy?

I using more electric appliances

II car pooling to go work

III sleeping with the lights on

IV using renewable energy sources

A.I and III only

B. II and IV only

C. I,II and III only

D.I,III and IV only

8. The Sun is the primary source of

A. heat and light energy

B. heat and kinetic energy

C. light and chemical energy

D. electric and heat energy

9. A non-renewable energy source is the energy source that

A. comes from the Sun

B. can be replenished when used up

C. cannot be replenished when used up

D. cannot be changed into another form of energy.

10. Which of the following is a source of energy?

I fuel

II paper

III water

IV battery

A. I only

B. I and IV only

C. I,II and III only

D. I,III and IV only

STRUCTURE QUESTION

1. Ashwin carried out an investigation to study the transformation of energy when electric current flows through a light bulb. She prepared

the following circuit and switched it on. She touched the light bulb.

Diagram 2

Switch

Bulb

Dry cells

a) State what she felt when she touched the light bulb?

[1mark]

b) Give a reason to support your answer in (a).

[1mark]

c) State the transformation of energy that occurred in the circuit.

[1mark]

d) Name the appliance that makes use of the same transformation of energy.

[1mark]

Technique to answer

1. Ashwin carried out an investigation to study the transformation of energy when electric current flows through a light bulb. She prepared

the following circuit and switched it on. She touched the light bulb.

Diagram 2

a) State what she felt when she touched the light bulb?

Hot

[1mark]

b) Give a reason to support your answer in (a). The light bulb produces heat energy

[1mark]

c) State the transformation of energy that occurred in the circuit. chemical energy electrical energy light energy + heat energy

[1mark] d) Name the appliance that makes use of the same transformation of energy.

torch

[1mark]

Switch

Bulb

Dry cells

MCQ ANSWERS

1. B

2. D

3.C

4.A

5.D

6. C

7.B

8.A

9.C

10.D