Site Closure Exit Strategy DQOs Met LTMGTS v 0.6 user interface Components of the GTS temporal...
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Demonstration and Validation of GTS Long-Term Monitoring Optimization Software at Military and Government Sites (ER-0714) Philip M. Hunter, P.G., Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment Kirk M. Cameron, Ph.D., MacStat Consulting, Ltd. Robert B. Stewart, SAIC What is GTS? GTS is the Geostatistical Temporal-Spatial (GTS) algorithm for optimizing long-term groundwater monitoring (LTM) programs. GTS uses a novel combination of statistical techniques to answer two questions given an existing LTM network: • What is the optimum number and placement of wells in that network (i.e., is there spatial redundancy and/or is there lack of coverage within the spatial network)? and • What is the optimal sampling frequency for wells in the network (i.e., is there temporal redundancy)? The output of a GTS analysis is a new sampling plan which is statistically similar to the original plan, but typically with fewer monitoring wells and/or less frequent sampling of those wells, ultimately resulting in lower operational costs. GTS Software In 2005, AFCEE released a beta version (GTS v0.6) of GTS. The Windows-based software includes the minimum features and tools needed to develop an optimal monitoring plan for a site with 30 to 200 wells. GTS enables a site operator to perform a scientifically defensible optimization analysis without substantial involvement of hydrogeologic and/or statistical or mathematical experts. Previous Applications of GTS Demonstration/Validation Under ESTCP-funded project ER-0714, AFCEE will upgrade, enhance, and test the GTS software. GTS upgrades will include improved reporting, graphics, and user guidance; 2.5D & 3D analyses; analysis of multiple COCs; and enhanced exploratory tools including COC selection, groundwater horizon analysis, and outlier search. The demonstration will apply the enhanced GTS software technology at three sites. The overall objective is to validate the effectiveness and usefulness of GTS for LTM optimization and show that the updated GTS can be robustly applied across sites with a variety of COCs, hydrogeologic settings, and remedial solutions. Primary performance criteria: • Ease-of-use of enhanced GTS interface • Reproducibility of results between expert and new users, given the same site data • Projected cost savings and resource optimization at each site Further Information Philip M. Hunter, P.G., AFCEE 3300 Sidney Brooks Road, Brooks City-Base, TX 78235 (210) 536-5281 [email protected] Project Status • Delivered Draft Demonstration Plan & Draft Software Development Plan • Completed site visits to two sites • Upgrades to GTS are in progress Benefits of Using GTS • Statistically-based optimization – Provides semi-objective, statistically-based optimization. Use of GTS compliments and encourages coordination with professional judgment in arriving at an optimal plan. • Lower cost monitoring plan – GTS typically identifies a more resource-effective LTM program by reducing sampling frequency and minimizing spatial redundancy in existing networks. • Versatile – Applicable to both site-specific plumes and unit-wide or base-wide studies involving multiple source areas, plumes, and monitoring conditions. • Modular – Spatial and temporal optimization modules each can be run independently. Temporal optimization can be run when there are too few wells for a spatial analysis. The GTS Algorithm GTS analysis involves four major steps: (1) data preparation, (2) data exploration, (3) temporal optimization, and (4) spatial optimization. The output is an optimal sampling plan and an estimate of cost savings from implementation of the new plan. Spatial Optimization Spatial analysis includes: 1) mapmaking using innovative geostatistical procedures; 2) searching for statistical redundancy via mathematical optimization; 3) determining optimal network size with the aid of cost- accuracy tradeoff curves; and 4) assessing whether new wells should be added and where. Temporal Optimization Temporal optimization includes: 1) temporal variograms applied to groups of wells, 2) iterative thinning of individual wells, 3) trend mapping over specific time periods, and 4) trend flagging. TCE concentration base map constructed using data from all wells Overview of GTS process Components of the GTS spatial optimization routine GTS v 0.6 user interface Components of the GTS temporal optimization routine Nearly identical base map constructed using an optimal number of wells (38% less) as determined by GTS Data Requirements GTS uses existing site data. No new types of data are required. A spatial analysis requires data for at least 20 to 30 wells, and a temporal analysis requires at least 8 distinct sampling events of historical monitoring data. Required information includes: • Well ID and location • Sample date • Constituents of concern (COCs), concentration value, and quantitation limits • Screen depth, interval, aquifer zone • Water level measurement data (optional) • GIS data (ESRI Shape files) to represent key features of the site • Site boundary data file GTS v0.6 and the GTS User Guide are available at the AFCEE RPO web site: www.afcee.brooks.af.mil/products/rpo/ltm.asp Temporal trend fits using all data (above) and data from an optimal sampling frequency (below) Fairchild Ellsworth F.E. Warren Offutt Plattsburgh McGuire Beale McClellan Travis Wright- Patterson Grissom K.I. Sawyer Pease Hanscom Westover Newark Battle- creek Shaw AF Plant 6 Patrick Keesler Bolling/Andrews Mt Home Ft Drum (USA) Cape Canaveral Pope Griffiss Havre AFS Grand Forks Lowry Maxwell/Gunter Columbus Myrtle Beach MacDill Langley Scott Chanute Wurtsmith Madison ANG Eaker Rickenbacker Homestead Loring Roslyn Gentile England Mather Percol MMR AF Plant 59 Niagra Falls Sunset Golf Crs Dover HQ AFMC AF Plant 85 Seymour Johnson Charleston Arnold Avon Park Robins Ft Rucker Moody Eglin Hurlburt Tyndall Barksdale Johnson Whiteman Sioux Minot Cavelier Duluth McChord AF Plant 78 Hill AF Plant PJKS O’ Hare Malstrom Kingsley Field (ANG) Buckley DDHU Hulman Field ANGB Glen Research Center DDSP DSCR DDMT Marshal Space Center Gulfport Stennis Field Space Center Langley Research Center Goddard Space Flight Center Wallops Flight Facility Hanford GTS Demonstration Sites Fairchild Ellsworth F.E. Warren Offutt Nellis Randolph Dyess Plattsburgh McGuire Beale McClellan Travis Vandenberg Edwards Los Angeles Wright- Patterson Grissom K.I. Sawyer Pease Hanscom Westover Kelly Little Rock AF Plant 4 AF Plant PJKS Newark Battle- creek Shaw AF Plant 6 Hickam 8 Locations Patrick Kirtland Cannon Davis-Monthan Keesler Bolling/Andrews Mt Home Camp Pendleton (USMC) Ft Drum (USA) Cape Canaveral Pope Griffiss Havre AFS Grand Forks Lowry George Norton Williams Carswell Bergstrom Maxwell/Gunter Columbus Myrtle Beach MacDill Langley Scott Chanute Wurtsmith Madison ANG Eaker Rickenbacker Kanehoe Bay (USN) Castle Luke Ft Bliss Lackland Altus Peterson Homestead Ft Carson Loring Roslyn Gentile England Mather Onizuka Ontario ANGB Percol MMR AF Plant 59 Niagra Falls Sunset Golf Crs Dover HQ AFMC AF Plant 85 Seymour Johnson Charleston Arnold Avon Park Robins Ft Rucker Moody Eglin Hurlburt Tyndall Barksdale Johnson Space Center Brooks Camp Stanley NAS Ft Worth Goodfellow Reese Whiteman McConnell Tinker Sioux Minot Cavelier Duluth McChord AF Plant 78 Hill AF Plant PJKS AF Academy Lamar March Superior Valley AF Plant 44 Laughlin AF Plant 3 AF Plant 42 Holloman O’ Hare Richards-Gebaur Malstrom Vance AFB Eielson Galena Elmendorf Clear 611th CEOS 15 Locations Arctic Surplus King Salmon Kodiak Island (USCG) Eareckson Johnston Atoll GoldStone DSCC Kingsley Field (ANG) Buckley Schriever DDHU Cheyenne Mountain DDJCTracy Jet Propulsion Lab White Sands Hulman Field ANGB Glen Research Center DDSP DSCR DDMT Marshal Space Center Gulfport Stennis Field Space Center Langley Research Center Goddard Space Flight Center Wallops Flight Facility Hanford GTS Demonstration Sites GTS has been applied at 10 different Air Force and Department of Energy sites. Sites evaluated have included single plumes, entire basewide networks, multiple groundwater units and plume sources, shallow water table and confined aquifers, and well networks with over 1,200 wells. GTS analysis has been conducted on a wide range of COCs, including metals, chlorinated solvents and other VOCs, emerging contaminants (e.g., 1,4- dioxane), radionuclides, and indicator parameters. Demonstration Sites Participating partners and demonstration sites include: • Fernald Site (DoE), Ohio Former uranium processing facility undergoing restoration Primary COC is uranium. Characterization Remediation LTM Initial Design LTM Optimized LTM Complete MW Sampling Network Review 3–5 Yr Exit Strategy -DQOs Met -Goals Achieved Site Closure Adjust Validate Characterization Remediation LTM Initial Design LTM Optimized LTM Complete MW Sampling Network Review 3–5 Yr Exit Strategy -DQOs Met -Goals Achieved Site Closure Adjust Validate Trend map Edwards AFB Loring AFB Pease AFB Tinker AFB Original Monitoring Frequency Annual Quarterly Annual Quarterly to Annual Optimized Monitoring Interval Every 7 Qtrs Every 2-3 Qtrs Every 8 Qtrs Every 5-6 Qtrs Redundant Wells 20-34% 20-30% 10-36% 38% Cost Reduction 54-62% 33-39% 49-52% 59-61% Annual Cost Savings $230K - $270K $300K - $360K $85K - $90K $950K - $995K GTS demonstration sites (1998 – 2005) Site Visits & Data Collection GTS Upgrade and Testing Demonstration/Validation Transition Plan 2010 Schedule Task 2007 2008 2009 • Facilitates Site Closure – Reanalysis every 3 to 5 years will ensure LTM program is optimized. Periodic adjustments to monitoring plan and engagement of regulators can facilitate reduced monitoring and/or site closure. • It’s free – GTS is free to all users and runs on a personal computer running Windows XP; does not require any additional specialized software to implement. Fernald Site, Ohio Groundwater treatment, Former Nebraska Ordnance Plant Groundwater treatment, Air Force Plant 44 • Nebraska Ordnance Plant (Army), Mead, NE Former munitions production and storage facility COCs include VOCs and explosives • Air Force Plant 44 (Air Force), Tucson, AZ Active weapons systems manufacturing plant COCs include trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,4-dioxane, and chromium
Transcript of Site Closure Exit Strategy DQOs Met LTMGTS v 0.6 user interface Components of the GTS temporal...
Demonstration and Validation of GTS Long-Term Monitoring Optimization Software at Military and Government Sites (ER-0714)
Philip M. Hunter, P.G., Air Force Center for Engineering and the Environment
Kirk M. Cameron, Ph.D., MacStat Consulting, Ltd.
Robert B. Stewart, SAIC
What is GTS?GTS is the Geostatistical Temporal-Spatial (GTS) algorithm for optimizing long-term groundwater monitoring (LTM) programs.
GTS uses a novel combination of statistical techniques to answer two questions given an existing LTM network:
• What is the optimum number and placement of wells in that network (i.e., is there spatial redundancy and/or is there lack of coverage within the spatial network)? and
• What is the optimal sampling frequency for wells in the network (i.e., is there temporal redundancy)?
The output of a GTS analysis is a new sampling plan which is statistically similar to the original plan, but typically with fewer monitoring wells and/or less frequent sampling of
those wells, ultimately resulting in lower operational costs.
GTS SoftwareIn 2005, AFCEE released a beta version (GTS v0.6) of GTS. The Windows-based software includes the minimum features and tools needed to develop an optimal monitoring plan for a site with 30 to 200 wells.
GTS enables a site operator to perform a scientifically defensible optimization analysis without substantial involvement of hydrogeologic and/or statistical or mathematical experts.
Previous Applications of GTS Demonstration/ValidationUnder ESTCP-funded project ER-0714, AFCEE will upgrade, enhance, and test the GTS software. GTS upgrades will include improved reporting, graphics, and user guidance; 2.5D & 3D analyses; analysis of multiple COCs; and enhanced exploratory tools including COC selection, groundwater horizon analysis, and outlier search.
The demonstration will apply the enhanced GTS software technology at three sites. The overall objective is to validate the effectiveness and usefulness of GTS for LTM optimization and show that the updated GTS can be robustly applied across sites with a variety of COCs, hydrogeologic settings, and remedial solutions.
Primary performance criteria:
• Ease-of-use of enhanced GTS interface
• Reproducibility of results between expert and new users, given the same site data
• Projected cost savings and resource optimization at each site
Further InformationPhilip M. Hunter, P.G., AFCEE
3300 Sidney Brooks Road, Brooks City-Base, TX 78235
(210) 536-5281
Project Status• Delivered Draft Demonstration Plan
& Draft Software Development Plan
• Completed site visits to two sites
• Upgrades to GTS are in progress
Benefits of Using GTS• Statistically-based optimization – Provides semi-objective, statistically-based
optimization. Use of GTS compliments and encourages coordination with professional judgment in arriving at an optimal plan.
• Lower cost monitoring plan – GTS typically identifies a more resource-effective LTM program by reducing sampling frequency and minimizing spatial redundancy in existing networks.
• Versatile – Applicable to both site-specific plumes and unit-wide or base-wide studies involving multiple source areas, plumes, and monitoring conditions.
• Modular – Spatial and temporal optimization modules each can be run independently. Temporal optimization can be run when there are too few wells for a spatial analysis.
The GTS AlgorithmGTS analysis involves four major steps: (1) data preparation, (2) data exploration, (3) temporal optimization, and (4) spatial optimization. The output is an optimal sampling plan and an estimate of cost savings from implementation of the new plan.
Spatial Optimization
Spatial analysis includes: 1) mapmaking using innovative geostatistical procedures; 2) searching for statistical redundancy via mathematical optimization; 3) determining optimal network size with the aid of cost-accuracy tradeoff curves; and 4) assessing whether new wells should be added and where.
Temporal Optimization
Temporal optimization includes: 1) temporal variograms applied to groups of wells, 2) iterative thinning of individual wells, 3) trend mapping over specific time periods, and 4) trend flagging.
TCE concentration base map constructed using data from all wells
Overview of GTS process
Components of the GTS spatial optimization routine
GTS v 0.6 user interface
Components of the GTS temporal optimization routine
Nearly identical base map constructed using an optimal number of wells (38% less) as determined by GTS Data Requirements
GTS uses existing site data. No new types of data are required. A spatial analysis requires data for at least 20 to 30 wells, and a temporal analysis requires at least 8 distinct sampling events of historical monitoring data. Required information includes:
• Well ID and location
• Sample date
• Constituents of concern (COCs), concentration value, and quantitation limits
• Screen depth, interval, aquifer zone
• Water level measurement data (optional)
• GIS data (ESRI Shape files) to represent key features of the site
• Site boundary data file
GTS v0.6 and the GTS User Guide are available at the AFCEE RPO web site: www.afcee.brooks.af.mil/products/rpo/ltm.asp
Temporal trend fits using all data (above) and data from an optimal sampling frequency (below)
Fairchild
Ellsworth
F.E. Warren
Offutt
Nellis
Randolph
Dyess
Plattsburgh
McGuire
Beale
McClellan Travis
VandenbergEdwards
Los Angeles
Wright-Patterson
Grissom
K.I. Sawyer
PeaseHanscom
Westover
Kelly
LittleRock
AF Plant 4
AF Plant PJKS
Newark
Battle-creek
Shaw
AF Plant 6
Hickam8 Locations
Patrick
Kirtland
Cannon
Davis-Monthan
Keesler
Bolling/Andrews
Mt Home
Camp Pendleton (USMC)
Ft Drum (USA)
Cape Canaveral
Pope
Griffiss
Havre AFS
Grand Forks
Lowry
George
NortonWilliams
Carswell
Bergstrom
Maxwell/Gunter
Columbus
Myrtle Beach
MacDill
LangleyScott
Chanute
Wurtsmith
Madison ANG
Eaker
Rickenbacker
Kanehoe Bay
(USN)
Castle
Luke
Ft Bliss
Lackland
Altus
Peterson
Homestead
Ft Carson
Loring
Roslyn
Gentile
England
Mather
Onizuka
OntarioANGB
Percol
MMRAF Plant 59
Niagra Falls
Sunset Golf CrsDover
HQ AFMC
AF Plant 85
Seymour Johnson
Charleston
Arnold
Avon Park
Robins
Ft RuckerMoody
EglinHurlburtTyndall
Barksdale
JohnsonSpace CenterBrooks
Camp Stanley
NAS Ft Worth
Goodfellow
Reese
WhitemanMcConnell
Tinker
Sioux
Minot
Cavelier
DuluthMcChord
AF Plant 78
HillAF Plant PJKS
AF Academy
Lamar
March
Superior Valley
AF Plant 44
Laughlin
AF Plant 3
AF Plant 42
Holloman
O’Hare
Richards-Gebaur
Malstrom
Vance AFB
Eielson
Galena
Elmendorf
Clear
611th CEOS15 Locations
Arctic Surplus
King Salmon
Kodiak Island(USCG)
EarecksonJohnston
Atoll
GoldStone DSCC
Kingsley Field
(ANG)
Buckley
Schriever
DDHU
Cheyenne Mountain
DDJCTracy
Jet Propulsion Lab
White Sands
HulmanFieldANGB
Glen ResearchCenter
DDSP
DSCR
DDMTMarshalSpace Center
Gulfport
Stennis FieldSpace Center
Langley Research Center
Goddard Space Flight Center
Wallops Flight Facility
Hanford
GTS Demonstration Sites
Fairchild
Ellsworth
F.E. Warren
Offutt
Nellis
Randolph
Dyess
Plattsburgh
McGuire
Beale
McClellan Travis
VandenbergEdwards
Los Angeles
Wright-Patterson
Grissom
K.I. Sawyer
PeaseHanscom
Westover
Kelly
LittleRock
AF Plant 4
AF Plant PJKS
Newark
Battle-creek
Shaw
AF Plant 6
Hickam8 Locations
Patrick
Kirtland
Cannon
Davis-Monthan
Keesler
Bolling/Andrews
Mt Home
Camp Pendleton (USMC)
Ft Drum (USA)
Cape Canaveral
Pope
Griffiss
Havre AFS
Grand Forks
Lowry
George
NortonWilliams
Carswell
Bergstrom
Maxwell/Gunter
Columbus
Myrtle Beach
MacDill
LangleyScott
Chanute
Wurtsmith
Madison ANG
Eaker
Rickenbacker
Kanehoe Bay
(USN)
Castle
Luke
Ft Bliss
Lackland
Altus
Peterson
Homestead
Ft Carson
Loring
Roslyn
Gentile
England
Mather
Onizuka
OntarioANGB
Percol
MMRAF Plant 59
Niagra Falls
Sunset Golf CrsDover
HQ AFMC
AF Plant 85
Seymour Johnson
Charleston
Arnold
Avon Park
Robins
Ft RuckerMoody
EglinHurlburtTyndall
Barksdale
JohnsonSpace CenterBrooks
Camp Stanley
NAS Ft Worth
Goodfellow
Reese
WhitemanMcConnell
Tinker
Sioux
Minot
Cavelier
DuluthMcChord
AF Plant 78
HillAF Plant PJKS
AF Academy
Lamar
March
Superior Valley
AF Plant 44
Laughlin
AF Plant 3
AF Plant 42
Holloman
O’Hare
Richards-Gebaur
Malstrom
Vance AFB
Eielson
Galena
Elmendorf
Clear
611th CEOS15 Locations
Arctic Surplus
King Salmon
Kodiak Island(USCG)
EarecksonJohnston
Atoll
GoldStone DSCC
Kingsley Field
(ANG)
Buckley
Schriever
DDHU
Cheyenne Mountain
DDJCTracy
Jet Propulsion Lab
White Sands
HulmanFieldANGB
Glen ResearchCenter
DDSP
DSCR
DDMTMarshalSpace Center
Gulfport
Stennis FieldSpace Center
Langley Research Center
Goddard Space Flight Center
Wallops Flight Facility
Hanford
GTS Demonstration Sites
GTS has been applied at 10 different Air Force and Department of Energy sites. Sites evaluated have included single plumes, entire basewide networks, multiple groundwater units and plume sources, shallow water table and confined aquifers, and well networks with over 1,200 wells.
GTS analysis has been conducted on a wide range of COCs, including metals, chlorinated solvents and other VOCs, emerging contaminants (e.g., 1,4-dioxane), radionuclides, and indicator parameters.
Demonstration Sites
Participating partners and demonstration sites include:
• Fernald Site (DoE), Ohio
Former uranium processing facility undergoing restoration
Primary COC is uranium.
Characterization Remediation
LTMInitial Design
LTMOptimized
LTMComplete
MW SamplingNetwork
Review3–5 Yr
Exit Strategy-DQOs Met
-Goals Achieved
Site Closure
AdjustValidate
Characterization Remediation
LTMInitial Design
LTMOptimized
LTMComplete
MW SamplingNetwork
Review3–5 Yr
Exit Strategy-DQOs Met
-Goals Achieved
Site Closure
AdjustValidate
Trend map
Edwards AFB Loring AFB Pease AFB Tinker AFB
Original Monitoring Frequency Annual Quarterly Annual Quarterly to Annual
Optimized Monitoring Interval Every 7 Qtrs Every 2-3 Qtrs Every 8 Qtrs Every 5-6 Qtrs
Redundant Wells 20-34% 20-30% 10-36% 38%
Cost Reduction 54-62% 33-39% 49-52% 59-61%
Annual Cost Savings $230K - $270K $300K - $360K $85K - $90K $950K - $995K
GTS demonstration sites (1998 – 2005)
Site Visits & Data Collection
GTS Upgrade and Testing
Demonstration/Validation
Transition Plan
2010
Schedule
Task2007 2008 2009
• Facilitates Site Closure –Reanalysis every 3 to 5 years will ensure LTM program is optimized. Periodic adjustments to monitoring plan and engagement of regulators can facilitate reduced monitoring and/or site closure.
• It’s free – GTS is free to all users and runs on a personal computer running Windows XP; does not require any additional specialized software to implement.
Fernald Site, Ohio
Groundwater treatment, Former Nebraska Ordnance Plant
Groundwater treatment, Air Force Plant 44
• Nebraska Ordnance Plant (Army), Mead, NE
Former munitions production and storage facility
COCs include VOCs and explosives
• Air Force Plant 44 (Air Force), Tucson, AZ
Active weapons systems manufacturing plant
COCs include trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,4-dioxane, and chromium
