SISTEM REPRODUKSI WANITAc.pdf

7/16/2019 SISTEM REPRODUKSI WANITAc.pdf

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SISTEM REPRODUKSI WANITA

Happy H

FKG UNEJ


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TO REVIEW THE COMPONENTS OF THEFEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

TO UNDERSTAND THE HORMONAL

REGULATION OF OOGENESIS, OVULATION,AND THE UTERINE CYCLE

TO IDENTIFY THE HISTOLOGY OF THE

REPRODUCTIVE TRACT

TO CHARACTERIZE THE GENERAL

ORGANIZATION OF THE OVARIES

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM


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OVARIES

OVIDUCT

(UTERINE

TUBES)

UTERUS

VAGINA



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OVIDUCT (UTERINE TUBES)

UTERUS ;

INFUNDIBULUM, AMPULLA, ISTHMUS, UTERINE

FUNDUS, BODY (CORPUS), CERVIX


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OVARY

- thin connective tissue capsule

underlying germinal epithelium

TUNICA ALBUGINEA

GERMINAL EPITHELIUM

CORTEX

- surrounds the medulla and

contains maturing follicles

MEDULLA

- central connective tissue

containing vascular supply and

nervous innervation


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OVARY

3 to 5 million OOGONIA differentiate into

PRIMARY OOCYTES during early development

OOCYTES becomes surrounded by squamous

(follicular) cells to become PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES

most PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES undergoatresia leaving 400,000 at birth

oocytes at birth arrested at

Meiosis I (prophase)


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OVARY

THREE STAGES OF OVARIAN FOLLICLES CAN

BE IDENTIFIED FOLLOWING PUBERTY:

(each follicle contains one oocyte)

(1) PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES

- very prevalent; located in theperiphery of the cortex

- a single layer of squamous follicular

cells surround the oocyte

(2) GROWING FOLLICLES

- three recognizable stages:

(a) early primary follicle

(b) late primary follicle

(c) secondary (antral) follicle

(3) MATURE (GRAAFIAN) FOLLICLES

- follicle reaches maximum size

OOG

ENESIS


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OVARIAN FOLLICLES

(1) PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES

(2) GROWING FOLLICLES

(a) early primary follicle

- follicular cells still unilaminarbut now are cuboidal in appearance

- oocyte begins to enlarge

(b) late primary follicle

- multilaminarfollicular layer; cells now termed granulosa cells

- zona pellucida appears; gel-like substance rich in GAGs

- surrounding stromal cells differentiate into

theca interna and theca externa

(b) secondary (antral) follicle

- cavities appear between granulosa cells forming an antrum

- follicle continues to grow

- formation ofcumulus oophorus and corona radiata

(3) MATURE (GRAAFIAN) FOLLICLES


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OVARIAN FOLLICLES

late primary follicle


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OVARIAN FOLLICLES

GRANULOSA (FOLLICULAR) CELLS

ZONA PELLUCIDA

OOCYTE


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OVARY

CORPUS LUTEUM

CORTEX

MEDULLA


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OVARY

GERMINALEPITHE

LIUM

T

UNICAALBUGINEA

CORTE

X

PRIMORDIAL

FOLLICLES


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OVARY

G

ERMINALEPITHELIUM

TUNICAALBUGINEA


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OVARYOVARY H&E

PRIMORDIAL

FOLLICLES

EARLY 1


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OVARY OVARY H&E

CORPUS

ALBICANS

EARLY PRIMARY

FOLLICLES

OVARY

PRIMORDIAL

FOLLICLE


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OVARY

LATE PRIMARY FOLLICLE

multilaminar


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OVARY

MATURE (GRAAFIAN) FOLLICLE

cumulus oophorus

corona radiata

theca interna and externa

zona pellucida

theca interna cells begin to

produce androgens that are

converted to estrogens


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HORMONAL REGULATION OF

OOGENSIS AND OVULATION

HYPOTHALAMUS release of GnRF which

stimulates release of LH and FSH from the

adenohypophysis (ANTERIOR PITUITARY)


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HORMONAL REGULATION OF OOGENSIS AND OVULATION

FOLLICULAR PHASE LUTEAL PHASEOVULATION

10-20 primordial follicles begin to develop

in response to FSH and LH levels

FSH and LH stimulate theca and granulosa

production of estrogen and progesterone

surge of LH induces ovulation

theca and granulosa cells transform into the corpus

luteum and secrete large amounts of progesterone

if fertilization does not occur, corpus luteum

degenerates ... if fertilization does occur, HCGreleased from the embryo maintains corpus luteum


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HORMONAL REGULATION OF OOGENSIS AND OVULATION

OVULATION:

sharp surge in LH

with simulataneous

increase in FSH

Meiosis I resumes;

oocyte and surrounding

cumulus break away and

are extruded

oocyte passes intooviduct

ECTOPIC

IMPLANTATIONS


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CORPUS LUTEUM

FORMED FROM FOLLICLE WALL WHICH

REMAINS FOLLOWING OVULATION

(1) GRANULOSA LUTEIN CELLS

- large, light cells derived from

granulosa cells

TRANSFORMED CELLS SECRETE

ESTROGENS AND PROGESTERONE:

(2) THECA LUTEIN CELLS

- strands of small cells derived from

theca interna


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CORPUS LUTEUM

(1) GRANULOSA LUTEIN CELLS

(2) THECA LUTEIN CELLS

CORPUS LUTEUM H&E

(1)

(2)


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OVIDUCT

SITE OF FERTILIZATION

TRANSMITS OVA FROM

OVARY TO UTERUS

MUCOSA

EPITHELIUM AND LAMINA PROPRIA

MUSCULARIS

INNER CIRCULAR; OUTER LONGITUDINAL

INCREASES AS APPROACH UTERUS

SEROSA

MEIOSIS II IN PROGRESS AND ULTIMATELY

ARRESTS UNLESS FERTILIZED


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OVIDUCT

SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM

TWO CELL TYPES:

(1) CILIATED

(2) PEG CELLS (NONCILIATED)


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UTERUS

PERIMETRIUM, MYOMETRIUM, ENDOMETRIUM


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UTERUS

ENDOMETRIUM

TWO LAYERS:

undergoes cyclic changes which prepare

it for implantation of a fertilized ovum

(1) FUNCTIONAL LAYER (stratum functionalis)

(2) BASAL LAYER (stratum basale)

- BORDERS UTERINE LUMEN

- SLOUGHED OFF AT MENSTRATION

- RETAINED AT MENSTRATION

- SOURCE OF CELLS FOR REGENERATION OF

FUNCTIONAL LAYER

- CONTAINS UTERINE GLANDS

STRAIGHT AND SPIRAL ARTERIES


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HORMONAL REGULATION OF UTERINE CYCLE

(1) PROLIFERATIVE PHASE concurrent with follicular maturation and influenced by estrogens

(2) SECRETORY PHASE concurrent with luteal phase and influenced by progesterone

(3) MENSTRUAL PHASE commences as hormone production by corpus luteum declines


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UTERUS

PROLIFERATIVE PHASE

cells in basal layer begin to

proliferate to regenerate

functional layer

spiral arteries begin to lengthen

and revascularize developing layer

functional layer becomes thicker

than basal layer during late

proliferative phase

developing uterine glands are

tubular in arrangement


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UTERUS

PROLIFERATIVE PHASE

tubular uterine glands

simple columnar lining


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UTERUS

PROLIFERATIVE PHASE

tubular uterine glands

simple columnar lining

UTERUS H&E

UTERINE

GLANDS

PROLIFERATIVE PHASE


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UTERUS

SECRETORY PHASE

functional layer thickens

glands become coiled and

accumulate large quantities of

secretory product


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UTERUS

SECRETORY PHASE


glands coiled

UTERUS H&E

COILED

UTERINE

GLANDS

SECRETORY PHASE


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UTERUS

SECRETORY PHASE


glands become coiled and

accumulate large quantities of

secretory product


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VAGINA

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

LAMINA PROPRIA

---------------- no glands ----------------

MUSCULARIS

INNER CIRCULAR

OUTER LONGITUDINAL

ADVENTITIA

MUCOSA



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LABIA MINORUM

LABIA MINORUM H&E


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MATURNUWUN, MUGI KASIL

Tq, Met blajar

SISTEM REPRODUKSI WANITAc.pdf

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