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Sigurd Hofmann GSI Darmstadt and Goethe-University Frankfurt
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Transcript of Sigurd Hofmann GSI Darmstadt and Goethe-University Frankfurt
Sigurd HofmannGSI Darmstadt and Goethe-University Frankfurt
Study of SHE at the GSI – SHIP
September 16-24, 2008, Erice, Sicily
International School of Nuclear Physics, 30th Course
Heavy-Ion Collisions from the Coulomb Barrier to the Quark-Gluon Plasma
Neutron num ber
Pro
ton
nu
mb
er
100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190
120
110
100
90
80
70
actinides
stabile elements
trans-actinides
SHE
sphericalnucleideformed
nuclei
deformednuclei
sphericalnuclei
Calculated half-lives: 108 years – 1 ns
neutron number
pro
ton
nu
mb
er
Predictions of the macroscopic-microscopic model
Expected half-lives of SHE and research goals
Location of closed shells:
Proton shell:
114, 120 or 126 / 114 – 126 ?
Neutron shell:
172 or 184 ?
Reaction mechanism:
Cross-sections
Excitation functions
Cross bombardments
Mass asymmetry
Fusion and transfer
Nuclear structure:
Lifetimes
Decay modes
Isomers
even-even
even-odd
03
6
Rc 1505; 2f18
The "UNIversal Linear ACcelerator" UNILAC
Mastertitelformat bearbeiten
Velocity separator SHIP
SHIP: Separation time: 1 – 2 μs
Transmission: 20 – 50 %
Background: 10 – 50 Hz
Det. E. resolution: 18 – 25 keV
Det. Pos. resolution: 150 μm
Dead time: 3 – 25 μs
Detector system
Time:
F3 – F1 1 s Sistop,box – F1,2,3 4 s Sistop – Sibox 5 s Sistop,box – Ge1,2,3,4 5 s
Dead time: 3 and 25 s
Energy:
Estop: Ebox: 0.2 – 16; 0.2 – 16 MeV 5.0 – 320; 2.5 – 160 MeV
Eveto: 0.4 – 16 MeV Ge: 30 – 2000 keV 0.1 – 8.0 MeV
Position:
Stop x = 0 – 80 mm / 5 mm ytop,bottom = 0 – 35 mm / 0.2 mm
Box: 28 Segments
Fusions-Produkte
Energy versus time-of-flight plots, Δt (ER-sf) = 1000 s
–TOF / channel
48Ca + 238U => 286112*
48Ca + 206PbS => 254No*
48Ca
206Pb
252No
E /
MeV
238U
Longest decay chain of 277112
277112
273110
11.45 MeV280 s
269108
11.08 MeV110 s
265106
9.23 MeV19.7 s
257No
8.52 MeV4.7 s
261104
4.60 MeV (escape)7.4 s
CN
y =
15
0
m (
FW
HM
)
d = 300 m
y =
35
mm
253Fm
8.34 MeV15.0 s
y ER =
17
.9 m
m
277112
Known nucl
ei
First decay chain of element 112
Theory, P. Möller, 1995:
Ground-state
shell correction energy
Experiment, GSI-SHIP,
9. February 1996, 22:36 h
Reaction mechanism
Excitation functions
50Ti, 54Cr, 58Fe, 64Ni, 70Zn
+ 208Pb
1n
2n
3n