Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a...

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Page 1: Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual.
Page 2: Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual.

England's Imperial Stirrings

King Henry VIII broke with the Roman Catholic

Church in the 1530s, launching the English

Protestant Reformation, and

intensifying the rivalry with Catholic Spain.

The Planting of

English America

The Planting of

English America

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Sir Francis DrakeIn 1580, Drake

circumnavigated the globe, plundering and

returning his ship loaded with Spanish booty. He had a profit of about

4,600%.

The Planting of

English America

The Planting of

English America

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Elizabeth Energizes England

When the English fleet defeated the Spanish

Armada, Spain's empirical dreams and

fighting spirit had been weakened - helping to ensure the English's

naval dominance over the North Atlantic.

The Planting of

English America

The Planting of

English America

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Because an economic depression hit England in the

later part of the 1500s and many people were left without

homes, the stage was set for the establishment of an English

beachhead in North America.

England on the Eve

Of Empire

England on the Eve

Of Empire

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TheLondon

Company,1606

TheLondon

Company,1606

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Jamestown Settlement,

1609

Jamestown Settlement,

1609

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Chesapeake Bay

Chesapeake Bay

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Jamestown SettlementJamestown Settlement

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Jamestown Fort, 1609

Jamestown Fort, 1609

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Jamestown SettlementJamestown Settlement

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Jamestown Housing

Jamestown Housing

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Jamestown Chapel, 1611

Jamestown Chapel, 1611

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Captain John Smith

Captain John Smith

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Chief Powhatan

Chief Powhatan

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Powhatan ConfederacyPowhatan

Confederacy

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PowhatanIndian Village

PowhatanIndian Village

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Indian FoodsIndian Foods

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PocahontasPocahontas

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PocahontasPocahontas

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/a1/Pocahontas_gravesend.jpg
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John RolfeJohn Rolfe

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Tobacco Plant

Tobacco Plant

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Early Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial Tobacco

1618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco.

1622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco.

1627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco.

1629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.

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Tobacco Prices: 1618-1710

Tobacco Prices: 1618-1710

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Jamestown Colonization Pattern:1620-1660

Jamestown Colonization Pattern:1620-1660

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IndianUprisings

IndianUprisings

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IndianUprisings

IndianUprisings

Cultural Clash in the ChesapeakeLord De La Warr reached Jamestown in

1610 with supplies and military. He started the First Anglo-Powhatan War.

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Virginia: Child of TobaccoJohn Rolfe married Pocahontas in 1614, ending the First Anglo-Powhatan War.

IndianUprisings

IndianUprisings

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Cultural Clash in the ChesapeakeThe Indians were again defeated in the

Second Anglo-Powhatan War in 1644.

2nd Anglo-Powhatan War

2nd Anglo-Powhatan War

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English Migration: 1610-1660

English Migration: 1610-1660

Headright System

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Indentured

Servitude

Indentured

Servitude

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Why was 1619 a pivotal year

for the Chesapeake settlement?

Why was 1619 a pivotal year

for the Chesapeake settlement?

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VirginiaHouse of

Burgesses

VirginiaHouse of

Burgesses

In 1619, self-government was made in Virginia. The London Company authorized

the settlers to summon an assembly, known as the House of Burgesses.

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King James I didn't trust the House of Burgesses and so in 1624, he made Virginia a colony of England, directly

under his control.

VirginiaHouse of

Burgesses

VirginiaHouse of

Burgesses

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1st African Slaves arrive

in Jamestown

1st African Slaves arrive

in Jamestown

http://www.mcomet.com/movie/Amistad-789373/photo_gallery_detail-32266.html#pic
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17th century Population

in the Chesapeake

17th century Population

in the Chesapeake

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

1607 1630 1650 1670 1690

White

Black

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Population of Chesapeake Colonies:

1610-1750

Population of Chesapeake Colonies:

1610-1750

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Colonization of Maryland

Colonization of Maryland

Page 39: Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual.

George Calvert, 2nd Lord

Baltimore

George Calvert, 2nd Lord

BaltimoreMaryland

Catholic Haven

Formed in 1634 by Lord Baltimore.

The colony was made for a refuge for the Catholics to escape

the wrath of the Protestant English

government.

http://www.epfl.net/exhibits/lordsbaltimore/images/georgecalvert.tif
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The Act of Toleration, which was passed in 1649 by the local representative group

in Maryland, granted toleration to all Christians.

George Calvert,

Lord Baltimore

George Calvert,

Lord Baltimore

Page 41: Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual.

The West Indian IslandsThe West Indian Islands

By the mid-17th Century, England had secured its claim to several

West Indian Islands.

Sugar was, by far, the major crop on the Indian Islands.

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To support the massive sugar crops, millions of

African slaves were imported. By 1700, the number of black slaves to white settlers in the English West Indies by

nearly 4 to 1.

The West Indian IslandsThe West Indian Islands

Page 43: Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual.

In order to control the large number of

slaves, the Barbados Slave Code of 1661

denied even the most fundamental rights to slaves.

The West Indian IslandsThe West Indian Islands

Page 44: Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual.

Colonizing the CarolinasColonizing the Carolinas

Civil war plagued England in the 1640s.1660 - Charles II restored to English throne.

Page 45: Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual.

1663 – King Charles II creates the Carolina Charter.

Colonizing the CarolinasColonizing the Carolinas

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In 1707, the Savannah Indians decided to end their alliance with the Carolinians and migrate

to the back country of Maryland or the new colony of Pennsylvania.

Colonizing the CarolinasColonizing the Carolinas

Page 47: Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual.

Almost all of the Indians were killed in raids before they could depart - in 1710.

Colonizing the CarolinasColonizing the Carolinas

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PennsylvaniaPennsylvania

In Pennsylvania, a new colony founded by Quakers under William Penn

promised better relations.

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The Carolinas

The Carolinas

Rice became the primary export of the Carolinas.

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Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676

Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676

Nathaniel Bacon Governor

William Berkeley

Page 51: Should the European encounter with the Indian peoples of the Americas be understood primarily as a story of conquest and exploitation, or as one of mutual.

Governor Berkeley’s“Fault Line”

Governor Berkeley’s“Fault Line”


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