Shift to Open: Singularity University

Dr. Cable GreenDirector of Global Learning

[email protected]@cgreen

The Shift to Open

Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

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• http://www.slideshare.net/cgreen• Keep a copy, share, modify for your use• Education is about sharing…• Requirement? Attribution.

Why is open ____ happening?• Education• Science, Research• Data• Culture (books, images, music, movies)• Galleries, Libraries, Archives, Museums• Policy

Cost of “Copy”For one 250 page textbook:

• Copy by hand - $1,000

• Copy by print on demand - $4.90

• Copy by computer - $0.00084

Cost of “Distribute”For one 250 page textbook:

• Distribute by mail - $5.20• $0 with print-on-demand (2000+ copies)

• Distribute by internet - $0.00072

Handwriting Printing Press Internet

Copying a book

$1000s per copy $1s per copy $0.0001s per copy

Distributing a book

$1000s per copy $1s per copy $0.0001s per copy

Copy and Distribute (and storage) are “Free”

This changes everything…

InternetEnables

CopyrightForbids

open ≈ free

free is assumed online

open > free

open = free + permissions

• Make and own copiesRetain• Use in a wide range of waysReuse• Adapt, modify, and improveRevise• Combine two or moreRemix• Share with othersRedistribute

The 5Rs

retain is fundamental

retain is prerequisite

to revise and remix

Open

1. Free and unfettered access

2. Perpetual, irrevocable 5R permissions

Nonprofit organizationOpen copyright licenses

Founded in 2001Operates worldwide

Teams in 85 countries

Step 1: Choose ConditionsAttribution

ShareAlike

NonCommercial

NoDerivatives

Step 2: Receive a License

most freedom

least freedom

stateof.creativecommons.org/2015

How is “open” changing education?

Open Educational Resources

(1) Free and unfettered access, and(2) Free copyright permissions to engage in the

5R activities

Textbook Pricing in Context

One Month Access to… Costs…Netflix – 10k Movies / TV Episodes $7.99 / monthSpotify – 15M Songs $9.99 / month

CourseSmart – 1 Biology Textbook $19.67 / month

65%of students decided against buying a

required textbook because of cost

US PIRG Report, 2014http://www.uspirg.org/reports/usp/fixing-broken-textbook-market

50%of students said that cost of textbooks

impacted how many and which classes they took


82%of students felt they would do significantly better in a course if textbook was available

for free


High textbook costs

Decrease student access Increase student drop rates

Decrease student success and learning

Money is shifting to open• Governments• Foundations

• open license requirements on grants and contracts

Publicly funded resources should be openly licensed resources.

White House issues directive supporting public access to publicly funded research

$2 billion: new academic programs @ 700+ Community Colleges

Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) required

Guess which US Department is the user of Open Source Software…

and why?

Global Grand Challenges• global grand challenges + open =

next frontier in education • students & professors become

co-creators, updaters, implementers of knowledge

Lumen Learning

$ Cut total spend on textbooks by 90%

Measurable increase (5-10%) in student success

Open licensingof all new content

Data-driven course updates

Smooth faculty transition to open content

Student access to materials from day 1

Open Business Models• #1 Build a community around your content.• #2 Determine how you fit within the larger

internet ecosystem and cultivate those connections.

• #3 Empower your community to create.• #4 Embrace the social purpose behind what

you do.

Groups of 3-4 (5 min):

Is open licensing a threat to or an opportunity for

your company / industry?

Dr. Cable GreenDirector of Global [email protected]

twitter: @cgreen

The Shift to Open

Shift to Open: Singularity University

Education

Transcript of Shift to Open: Singularity University