SHELTERS FOR WOMEN SHELTERS FOR WOMEN EXPERIENCING DOMESTIC EXPERIENCING DOMESTIC

VIOLENCE IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL: VIOLENCE IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL: MEANINGS AND CHALLENGESMEANINGS AND CHALLENGES

Sônia Maria A. F. AlmeidaSônia Maria A. F. Almeida

Patrícia Krieger GrossiPatrícia Krieger Grossi

Jaqueline Goulart VincensiJaqueline Goulart Vincensi

Andréia Mendes dos SantosAndréia Mendes dos Santos

Research has as its object the refuges existing in the State of Rio Grande do Sul for women experiencing domestic in the family sphere. Refuges are important institutional support to protect and guarantee women's rights regarding the Maria da Penha Law. The refuges are still insufficient in this State, showing sometimes to be invisible whereas they are essential to guarantee and protect women’s right to freedom and respect. The perpetration of domestic violence passes through the time barrier, but is deemed indicators for resolutions of governmental and non-governmental actions and programs. The creation of refuges is part of the National Plan on Policies for Women, whose commitment was taken by the Brazilian Government and it is one of the goals to combat violence against women.

METHODSMETHODS

• This research aims to analyze the This research aims to analyze the contribution of refuges for women who face contribution of refuges for women who face domestic violence, in the family sphere, domestic violence, in the family sphere, through the identification of (1) the through the identification of (1) the significance of such places for women; and significance of such places for women; and (2) the action of the workers involved as well (2) the action of the workers involved as well as facilitating and limiting factors for the as facilitating and limiting factors for the contribution of refuges regarding social contribution of refuges regarding social protection for women. The research involves protection for women. The research involves eight (8) refuges, covering the State of Rio eight (8) refuges, covering the State of Rio Grande do Sul in six (6) regions with similar Grande do Sul in six (6) regions with similar geographic and economic characteristics. geographic and economic characteristics.

• Qualitative research was chosen, Qualitative research was chosen, guided by the dialectical method. Data guided by the dialectical method. Data collection was based on mapping collection was based on mapping refuges identifying socio-demographic refuges identifying socio-demographic characteristics of sheltered women and characteristics of sheltered women and analyzing semi-structured interviews analyzing semi-structured interviews with women, managers, employees and with women, managers, employees and technical staff, totaling 41 people. technical staff, totaling 41 people. Analysis it was used the content Analysis it was used the content analysis according to Bardin (1977), analysis according to Bardin (1977), adopting thematic analysisadopting thematic analysis

Research ObjectivesResearch Objectives

General objective: To analyze the General objective: To analyze the contribution of shelters in contribution of shelters in meeting the demands of women, meeting the demands of women, protection of life and coping protection of life and coping with different forms of violencewith different forms of violence

• Specific Objectives:Specific Objectives:

To identify the perception of the To identify the perception of the contribution and relevance of shelters in contribution and relevance of shelters in fighting domestic violence in the family fighting domestic violence in the family sphere from the women´s perspectives;sphere from the women´s perspectives;

To identify the actions developed in To identify the actions developed in shelters;shelters;

• To analyze the limits and possibilities of To analyze the limits and possibilities of shelters in overcoming violent situations.shelters in overcoming violent situations.

PROFILE OF BATTERED PROFILE OF BATTERED WOMEN IN BRAZILIAN WOMEN IN BRAZILIAN

SHELTERSSHELTERS• Ages 20 years and 40 yearsAges 20 years and 40 years

• Education: Elementary Education, an Education: Elementary Education, an illiterate and a high schoolilliterate and a high school

• Of the eleven women interviewed four (4) Of the eleven women interviewed four (4) worked outside the home before the worked outside the home before the sheltershelter

• Violence suffered for over three Violence suffered for over three years, two live for more than 17 years, two live for more than 17 years with their violent partners.years with their violent partners.

• Physical violence accompanied by Physical violence accompanied by psychological violence, one of the psychological violence, one of the situations involved economic situations involved economic violence.violence.

Abuse and use of shelter for the Abuse and use of shelter for the first time.first time.

MAIN RESULTSMAIN RESULTS

1.1. MEANING AND CONTRIBUTION OF MEANING AND CONTRIBUTION OF SHELTERS FOR WOMENSHELTERS FOR WOMEN

For women: shelters are referral For women: shelters are referral mechanisms for limit situations, mechanisms for limit situations, represents a safe place represents a safe place necessary when women's life is necessary when women's life is in imminent dangerin imminent danger

WOMEN´S NARRATIVESWOMEN´S NARRATIVES

"It improved a little, much better here, "It improved a little, much better here, because we're not have been beaten up because we're not have been beaten up anymore." (AM2)anymore." (AM2)

““It is a kind of help, protection, and if I did not It is a kind of help, protection, and if I did not come here he'd kill me, it is a necessary come here he'd kill me, it is a necessary support." (CM)support." (CM)

"The greatest joy of my life is to have "The greatest joy of my life is to have arrived here and here, my children and I arrived here and here, my children and I have peace. "(DM)have peace. "(DM)

WOMEN´S NARRATIVESWOMEN´S NARRATIVES

• It is good because I have no place to go;It is good because I have no place to go;

• It helped me because I didn´t have a It helped me because I didn´t have a place to go.place to go.

• It is good because I can think here, It is good because I can think here, rebuild my life... I can sleep without fear...rebuild my life... I can sleep without fear...

• I felt like I was in a cage before, now I I felt like I was in a cage before, now I feel like a bird, able to fly.feel like a bird, able to fly.

• SHELTER´S WORKERS NARRATIVESSHELTER´S WORKERS NARRATIVES

"[...] I can see, it is a legitimate area of "[...] I can see, it is a legitimate area of protection and assistance to women [..]" protection and assistance to women [..]" (BE).(BE).

"[...] Is to welcome these women so they "[...] Is to welcome these women so they cannot be on the streets with their children cannot be on the streets with their children [...] is not only shelter itself, but[...] is not only shelter itself, butthe prospect of reintegration into society the prospect of reintegration into society [...] "(BG).[...] "(BG).

  

SHELTERS´S WORKERS SHELTERS´S WORKERS NARRATIVESNARRATIVES

• We tried to include children back We tried to include children back into school system, or in a daycare, into school system, or in a daycare, in a social service program after in a social service program after school hours, and try to put back school hours, and try to put back these women in the labour market.these women in the labour market.

2.2. ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED INSIDE ACTIVITIES DEVELOPED INSIDE THE SHELTERSTHE SHELTERS

• Hosting space, encouragement and Hosting space, encouragement and reflection for women: reframing of reflection for women: reframing of women's lives.women's lives.

• New perspectives in life: to regain New perspectives in life: to regain self-esteem, freedom from violence.self-esteem, freedom from violence.

• IInterdisciplinary work: the nterdisciplinary work: the process of overcoming process of overcoming VIOLENCE through a collective VIOLENCE through a collective construction of coping strategies.construction of coping strategies.

• Monitoring women after they leave Monitoring women after they leave shelter, working to ensure protection shelter, working to ensure protection and fulfillment of perceived needs and and fulfillment of perceived needs and discoveries, from the perspective of discoveries, from the perspective of freedom and autonomy.freedom and autonomy.

LIMITS AND POSSIBILITIES OF LIMITS AND POSSIBILITIES OF SHELTERS IN OVERCOMING DOMESTIC SHELTERS IN OVERCOMING DOMESTIC VIOLENCEVIOLENCE

• Social vulnerability of women coupled with Social vulnerability of women coupled with the precariousness of public social policies the precariousness of public social policies in most counties, especially in relation to in most counties, especially in relation to housing need;housing need;

• Lack of government funding, in one of the Lack of government funding, in one of the shelters, the food is provided through shelters, the food is provided through community donations, the staff are community donations, the staff are volunteers from an NGO, the city hall volunteers from an NGO, the city hall contributes only with the payment of the contributes only with the payment of the rental of a houserental of a house

Working conditions:Working conditions:

Staff of different compositions is not Staff of different compositions is not always enough in number. Some are always enough in number. Some are training volunteers, or load sharing training volunteers, or load sharing with other services of the same with other services of the same social policy, undermining the social policy, undermining the services to women.services to women.

CONCLUDING REMARKSCONCLUDING REMARKS This research tries to uncover the This research tries to uncover the

realities of women who live in realities of women who live in shelters and their perceptions of shelters and their perceptions of violence in their lives, how they violence in their lives, how they rebuild their lives, and how shelters rebuild their lives, and how shelters contribute to build new projects of contribute to build new projects of life without violence. Social workers life without violence. Social workers need to build knowledge from need to build knowledge from women´s lived experiences and try women´s lived experiences and try to articulate other policies in order to articulate other policies in order to meet abused women´s needs such to meet abused women´s needs such as housing, jobs, and so on. as housing, jobs, and so on.

Mostly, need to challenge Mostly, need to challenge preconceived views preconceived views concerning battered women concerning battered women which still prevails in which still prevails in society and empower society and empower women to change the women to change the oppressive conditions of oppressive conditions of their lives.their lives.

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