Shelter After Disaster Guidelines 2010

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helter after disaster

Shelterafterdis

aster

settlement and reconstruction

strategies for transitional

s

ettlementandrecon

struction

s

trategiesfortransitional

Coordination

1.3 Activities

1

ntroduction

1.1 articiation

1. ramework

1.4 nformation

1.5 trateg

trategy

1

.1 articiation

. lanning

.3 Temlate

.4 nuts

.5 Assessment

rogramme level

Assessment

3.1 articiation

3. Assessment

3.3 Tools

3.4 Teams

3.5 mlementation

4

mplementation

4.1 articiation

4. tions

4.3 esonse4.4 Methods

4.5 Coordination

T2 Strategy

T3 Assessment

T4 Implementation

Country level

oolkits

T1 Coordination

At national level, centralgovernment and humanitarian

coordinators agree how the

shelter, settlement and reconstruction

resonse will be coordinated, as a

service gathering and disseminating

information to link each affected area

and ever sector.

As art of this coordination

mechanism, a strateg is develoed

with the articiation of the affected

oulation. The strateg is reviewedand udated continuall, as more

information becomes available and as

the context to the resonse changes.

At rogramme level, local government

and the humanitarian agencies

imlementing the resonse undertake

ongoing assessments and monitoring ofthe affected oulation, caacities and

resources in order to identif gas

and overlas in resonse, to inform the

strateg and to udate rogress against

meeting the agreed objectives of the

resonse.

mlementation of the resonse is

described through a series of otions

for dislaced oulations and otions

for non-dislaced oulations, each

suorted b a contribution of 18assistance methods.

These guidelines offer governments coordinators and implementer a framework

for integrated shelter settlement and reconstruction following natural disasters.

This framework is intended to be consistent with government structures and

humanitarian coordination mechanisms supporting both in developing and

implementing a single strategy policy or plan for each response.

helter after disastersettlement and reconstruction



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helter after disaster

settlement and reconstruction


Building back more safely

elocateebuildepair5HWURW

ccupancywith no

legal statusousetenant

ouseowner-

occupier

Apartmenttenant

andtenant

Apartmentowner-

occupierural self-settlement

Collectivecentre

elf-settledcamps

rbansettlement

ostfamilies

lannedcamps

isplaced population:

transitional settlement

s transitional

shelter appropriate?

18 assistance methods

4 labour methods

A temshelter construction itemseneral items

materials methods

quality assurance methods

Capacitybuilding

upervision and

technical expertise

Cash ouchers

Marketinterventions

ocal

informationcentres

eturn and

transit items

nfrastructure and

settlement planning

nsurances loansand guarantees

% Advocacy legaland administrative

9 support methods

nvironmental andresource management

ivelihoodrecovery

Community labourirect labour Contract labour elf-help

s transitional

shelter appropriate?

on-displaced population:

transitional reconstruction

eintegrateelocateeturn

ndirectly affectedpopulation

urable solutions

econstruction withmanaged risk


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vi vii

Table of contents

art B rogramme

Chapter Assessment 6

3DUWLFLSDWLRQ identif caacit of dislaced and non-dislaced oulations 8

$VVHVVPHQW undertake different assessments to inform the develomentof the strateg, suorting rogramme and roject lans

3

7RROV identif and design tools required to imlement assessments 84

7HDPV establish assessment teams required to imlement assessments 85

,PSOHPHQWDWLRQ carr out assessments, monitoring and evaluation to informstrategic, rogramme and roject imlementation

88

&KDSWHU mplementation 9

3DUWLFLSDWLRQ engage affected oulations and coordinate with other sector 11

2SWLRQV VXSSRUWUDSLGDVVHVVPHQWWRQGRXWZKRZKDWZKHUH 13

5HVSRQVH establish which settlement or reconstruction otions are safeand aroriate to imlement

11

0HWKRGV manage assistance ackages for affected oulations 113

&RRUGLQDWLRQ manage activities and inform strategic lanning rocess 14

oolkits Coordination tools

2 Strategy tools

3 Assessment tools

4 Implementation tools

esources lossar of terms 35

Acronms 35

Annotated Bibliograh 3e references 334

nternet esources 34

ndex 345

Acknowledgements iii

oreword b alerie Ann Amos v

ist of diagrams, tables and checklists viii

ntroduction xiii

mergenc to recover xiii

uiding rinciles for shelter after disaster xvi

Note to stakeholders xviii

azards and natural disasters xx

The shelter sector, humanitarian reform and clusters xxv

art A esponse

&KDSWHU Coordination

3DUWLFLSDWLRQ ensure all stakeholders are involved and reresented 3

UDPHZRUN agree a structure for coordination 8

$FWLYLWLHV establish and oerate the shelter sector coordination bod 13

,QIRUPDWLRQ manage information to assist resonse monitoring andsuort decision making

WUDWHJ\ snthesise information to facilitate strategic lanning 5

Chapter trategy

3DUWLFLSDWLRQ achieve agreement on stakeholder involvement 34

3ODQQLQJ coordinate lanning among strategic, rogramme and rojectlans

4

7HPSODWH use a consistent lanning temlate to otimise the resonse 45

,QSXWV incororate relevant issues to inform the strateg 5

$VVHVVPHQW maintain the strateg as a live document


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xii xiii

Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

1

articiation .1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

Assessment

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

4

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

Strategy T2

Assessment T3

Implementation T4

Country level

oolkits

Coordination T1

1mergency to recovery1. These guidelines introduce the aroaches of transitionalVHWWOHPHQWUHFRQVWUXFWLRQDQGVKHOWHU7UDQVLWLRQDOKRXVLQJshelter, settlement, and reconstruction should not be considered

as an additional hase, but rather as an incremental shelteringof affected oulations over the eriod of their dislacementDQGRIUHFRQVWUXFWLRQZKLFKRIWHQODVWVPDQ\\HDUV7KHWHUPtransitional ma be used in resonse to two questions:

RUWKRVHGLVSODFHG ZKHUHGR WKH\ OLYH RYHU WKH\HDUVreconstruction usuall takes?

RUWKRVHQRWGLVSODFHG RUZKRKDYHUHWXUQHG KRZ FDQreconstruction be suorted when it is needed, from the initialresonse, as some families ma need roof tiles not a tent?

2. This aroach of arallel suort is resented in theIROORZLQJJXLGDQFHSXEOLVKHGRUDZDLWLQJSXEOLFDWLRQ$OOWKLVguidance includes the same series of otions facing dislacedoulations and otions facing non-dislaced oulationsDJUHHGE\WKHVKHOWHUFRPPXQLW\IDFLOLWDWHGE\6KHOWHU&HQWUH

Transitional settlement: dislaced oulations(Corsellis and itale, xfam 5)KWWSZZZVKHOWHUFHQWUHRUJOLEUDU\WUDQVLWLRQDOVHWW

OHPHQWGLVSODFHGSRSXODWLRQV

afer omes, tronger Communities (orld Bank,ZZZKRXVLQJUHFRQVWUXFWLRQRUJKRXVLQJ

umanitarian Charter and Minimum tandards inisaster esonse (here roject, forthcomingZZZVSKHUHSURHFWRUJ

Assistance in urban areas to oulations affectedb humanitarian crises (NC and helter Centre,IRUWKFRPLQJKWWSZZZVKHOWHUFHQWUHRUJ

urvival and recovery3. ettlement, reconstruction and shelter are all critical toERWKVXUYLYDODQG UHFRYHU\IROORZLQJQDWXUDO GLVDVWHUVQ Dgrowing number of resonses the constitute together thelargest sector, in terms of exenditure er caita, over theGXUDWLRQRILQWHUQDWLRQDOLQWHUYHQWLRQ

ettlement,

reconstruction

and shelter

olistic

guidance

argest sector

er caita

exenditure


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xxx

helter after isaster: strategies for transitional settlement and reconstruction

xxxi

Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

1

articiation .1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

Assessment

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

4

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

Strategy T2

Assessment T3

Implementation T4

Country level

oolkits

Coordination T1

1discussions for the develoment of consistent cluster strategieswithin the wider framework for coordination of emerging needsand riorities and facilitate discussions for the develoment ofDVKHOWHUVWUDWHJ\ZLWKLQWKHZLGHUIUDPHZRUIRUFRRUGLQDWLRQ

hy these guidelines use sector and not

cluster

79. These guidelines describe universal rincials ofhumanitarian resonse for transitional settlement andUHFRQVWUXFWLRQ7KH\DUHLQWHQGHGIRUXVHLQUHVSRQVHWRVPDOOand large scale disasters where the Cluster Aroach is inSODFH

80. There are currentl a number of countries where theCluster Aroach is not imlemented, either due to the lackof a umanitarian Countr Team or because the governmentalread has other coordination structures in lace to resondWRGLVDVWHUV

81. These guidelines therefore use the term sector asoosed to cluster to iml a wider use, inclusive of, andextending beond scenarios in which the Cluster Aroach isXVHG


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ii

Activities 1.3

1

1ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

articiation .1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

Assessment

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

4

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

Strategy T2

Assessment T3

Implementation T4

Country level

oolkits

Coordination

Coordination

1

Coordination82. Coordination is an activit which continues throughoutthe resonse to a disaster so that common decisions can be

made and imlemented to best serve the needs of the affectedoulation. B coordinating efforts in resonse, gas andoverlas can be avoided as can dulication of efforts. t is alsoa wa of ensuring that the affected oulation can la a kerole in decision making.

83. The urose of coordination is to develo a single sectorstrateg for resonding to the settlement and reconstructionneeds of the affected oulation. These needs will changethroughout the resonse and the mechanism established forFRRUGLQDWLRQWKHUHIRUHQHHGVWREHH[LEOHDQGDGDSWLQRUGHU

to offer aroriate suort and assistance.

84. The structure of the chater is as follows.

articipation: ensure that all stakeholders are involved andreresented.

ramework: agreeing a structure for coordination.

Activities: establish and oerate the shelter sector coordinationbod.

nformation: manage information to assist resonse monitoringand to suort decision making.

trategy: snthesise information to facilitate strategic lanning.

ummary of why coordination is needed

overnments are resonsible for coordinating the resonse toa natural disaster in their territor and should:

identif a national coordinator and establish acoordination structure;

write terms of reference for the coordination grous toclarif articiation; and

identif focal ersons to lead coordination grous atdifferent levels.

1.1

1.

1.3

1.4

1.5

overnment

ramework

1.

nformation

1.4 1.5

trategActivities

1.3

articiation

1.1

1.11.11.1


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3 31

Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

articiation .1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

Assessment

1

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

4

mplementation

articiation 4.1tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

Strategy 2

Assessment T3Implementation T4

Country level

oolkits

Coordination T1

trategy175. trategies hel everone resonding to a disaster towork together. trategies are ractical, simle tools that canbe develoed ver quickl. The initial strateg should be

SUHSDUHGLQWKHUVWGD\VDIWHUDGLVDVWHU7KHVWUDWHJ\VKRXOGbe reviewed and changed regularl throughout the resonse,as more information becomes available.

176. This chater suorts the develoment of a singlestrateg. overnment and all other agencies should agreethe lan and not have different olicies. here ossible,government should lead the develoment of the strateg,suorted b humanitarian agencies and donors. The strategshould describe the resonse to the shelter needs of thoseimacted b disasters. The strateg should include resonse to

immediate shelter needs but also to longer-term reconstruction,suorting the entire oulation affected.

177. ive sections are considered in this chater:

articipation: engage stakeholders to develo a strateg.

lanning: coordinate sector strateg, rogramme and rojectlans.

Template: base the structure of the strateg uon a documenttemlate.

nputs: incororate inter-sectoral considerations into thestrategic lanning rocess.

Assessment: udate and maintain the strateg as a livedocument.

ummary of why a strategy is needed

The following oints exlain the value of a strateg and how itEHQHWVHDFKJURXSLQYROYHGLQWKHUHVSRQVH

nsure that rogramme and roject lans lock into thesector strateg, lan of action or olic.

ngage in regional consultations and rovide high qualitinut information to aid the lanning rocess.

iscuss contributions for caacit with donors.

articiation

.1 .

lanning

.3

Temlate

.5

Assessment

.4

nuts

.1

.

.3

.4

.5

overnment


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The helter ector esonse lan was elaborated anddeveloed in consensus with man stakeholders. talso clearl communicates the sector strateg and itsood ractice


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3

Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

articiation .1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

Assessment

1

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

4

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

Strategy 2

Assessment T3

Implementation T4

Country level

oolkits

Coordination T1

gobjective to hel stakeholders reach agreements.

nter-sectoral coordination meetings were co-chaired bthe aitian government with a continuous resence ofother sectors, such as earl recover and water andsanitation, leading to one of the fastest shelter-reliefoerations in recent ears. Nearl ercent of the 1.3million dislaced oulation received emergenc shelterVXSSOLHVLQWKHUVWWKUHHPRQWKV American edCross, 1.

isaster risk reduction was well integrated into the6KHOWHU6HFWRUHVSRQVHODQVSHFLFDOO\LQDQWLFLSDWLRQof the hurricane season. The strateg included warningsstems, evacuation routes, communit training for basic

UVWDLGUHVSRQVHDQGDGDSWLQJGUDLQDJHDQGDGHXDWHlatrine sstems.

hile the government co-chaired the coordinationPHHWLQJVLWVFDSDFLW\ZDVVLJQLFDQWO\OLPLWHGE\WKHaftermath of the earthquake. As a result, the two hasesof the helter ector esonse lan were not effectivelcoordinated and communicated to all stakeholders,including the affected oulation. This led to tensionsand frustrations, as eole were not aware of their rights

and entitlements and were unaware that lans werebeing made for both the long and short term.

Although the strateg was develoed, udated andelaborated in the weeks following the earthquake,DFWLYLWLHVRQWKHJURXQGZHUHQRWDOZD\VUHHFWHGLQWKHstrateg in a timel manner.

nter-sectoral activities, such as rubble removal, logisticsand land roert and tenure, were not effectivelcoordinated. This led to overlas and gas in theimlementation of the helter ector esonse lan.

Challenges


Assessment


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4 5

Strategy T2

Assessment 3

Implementation T4

Coordination T1

Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

Participation 2.1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

Assessment

1

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

4

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

Country level

oolkits

Coordination T1

273. This chater suorts the coordination of the existingassessments of sector stakeholders b structuring assessmentcontributions for transitional settlement and reconstruction into

four stages: reliminar assessment, raid assessment, jointassessment, and monitoring and evaluation.

274. This chater suorts the coordination of the existingassessments b categorising the four assessment subjectsinto four tes: who within the affected oulation has selectedwhat otions for settlement and reconstruction and where,the hazards and risks that threaten the affected oulation,the livelihood caitals that the affected oulation ma drawuon including human, social and olitical, natural, hsicalDQGQDQFLDODQGWKHH[WHQWRIWKHGDPDJHWREXLOGLQJVDQG

infrastructure.

3. 3.3 3.4 3.53.1

articiation Assessment Tools Teams mlementation

275. The structure of the chater is as follows.

articipation: involve all stakeholders to carr out assessment,monitoring and evaluation.

Assessment: understand different stages and tes ofassessment subjects.

Tools: identif and design tools required to imlementassessments.Teams: establish assessment teams required to imlementassessments.

mplementation: decisions to inform strategic, rogrammeand roject imlementation.

ummary of why assessment is needed

iaise with the government to collect baseline data onwho is affected and where, and to decide on how theauthorities ma articiate in and be reresented inassessments.

Collaborate with the government to use national survesand mas to understand the re-disaster context forcomarison.

&RQWDFWQDWLRQDOUHJLRQDODQGORFDORIFHVDQGOLQHministries to gather, review and disseminate assessmentinformation.

3.1

3.

3.3

3.4

3.5

overnment


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ntroduction

Monitoring and evaluation need to be undertakento understand the effect of a rogramme on theenvironment, for examle on the unsustainable use ofresources, damage to water sources and its imact onthe fertilit of farming land.


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Strategy T2

Assessment 3

Implementation T4

Coordination T1

Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

Participation 2.1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

Assessment

1

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

4

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

Country level

oolkits

Coordination T1

nvironmental degradation resulting from a rogrammema include contamination of land b chemicals and

hazardous waste. This also affects shelter rogrammesas loss of forests result in reduced access to fuel woodand building materials.

An integrated assessment can onl be achieved withinand among sectors b identifing the caacities andavailable resources from all sectors in the differentdiscilines, as well as identifing locall acquiredknowledge and revious disaster exeriences in theaffected countr or region.

nter-sectoral assessment should take into accounteconomic, social and environmental considerationstogether; and continuousl udate information on allstakeholders across the sectors.

nter-sector

linkage


4ntroduction351. mlementation is the act of delivering the humanitarian

objectives laid out in the strateg b develoing and utting into

mplementation


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Implementation 4

oolkits

Assessment

Strategy T2

Assessment T3

Coordination T1

Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

Participation 2.1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

1

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

Country level

objectives laid out in the strateg b develoing and utting intoractice rogramme and roject lans.

352. The urose of imlementation is to ensure that theaffected oulation receives the most aroriate, needsbased transitional settlement and reconstruction assistance.PSOHPHQWDWLRQLVQRWD[HGDFWLYLW\EXWVKRXOGFKDQJHDQGadat in line with the needs of the affected oulations as themove between otions for settlement and reconstruction.

353. The structure of the chater is as follows:

articipation: ensure the affected oulations andgovernments are involved in all imlementation activities;

ptions:VXSSRUWUDSLGDVVHVVPHQWWRQGRXWZKRZKDWwhere;

esponse: establish which settlement or reconstructionotions are safe and aroriate to imlement;

Methods: decide what combination of labour, material, suortand qualit assurance is most aroriate;

Coordination: manage imlementation activities and inform

strategic lanning rocess;

ummary of why implementation is needed

354. iscuss the rogramme and roject lanning rocesseswithin coordination meetings and ensure that results of

imlementation are fed back into the strategic lanning.

Aim at reasonable and diverse articiation ofstakeholders;

btain local inut that is consistent and aroriate withsustainable result;

ollow through immediate with suggestions and lessonsOHDUQHGVRDVWRPD[LPL]HHIIHFWLYHQHVVRIWKHUHVSRQVH

4.1

4. 1 4 6

4.3

4.4 ???

4.5

overnment

articiation

4.1 1 4 6

tions

4.

esonse

4.3 ??

?

Methods

4.4

Coordination

4.5


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4ntroduction

Country level

ntegrated imlementation should be maintained bkeeing an overview of cross-sectoral activities andcontinuous linkages. acilitate and ensure cross-sectorallanning and assessment rocesses.

uarantee linkages through the use of sectorreresentatives with the goal of maintaining strategies forrearedness, earl warning, emergenc resonse and


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Implementation 4

oolkits

Assessment

Strategy T2

Assessment T3

Coordination T1

Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

Participation 2.1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

1

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

long term recover.


ntroduction

Country level

Coordination toolkit477. This toolkit suorts the shelter sector coordinationactivities b offering a set of resources and tools, whichcomlement the guidance offered in Chater 1:Coordination.


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Assessment

Strategy T2

Assessment T3

Implementation T4

Coordination

Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

Participation 2.1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

1

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

oolkits

4

T1.4T1.ramework Activitities

T1.3nformation

T1.4 T1.5trateg

T1.1articiation

478. The toolkit is divided into the following sections:

articipation: considerations for coordination withgovernments in emergenc situations;

Coordination ramework: nformation on the coordinationframework can be found in ection 1.: ramework;

Coordination Activities: including tools for coordinators, toolsfor oerating the sector coordination bod and tools forFRRUGLQDWHGQDQFLDOSODQQLQJ

nformation Management: tools rovided include an overviewof was in which oulation ma have been affected, examlesof rint media uses for communication and an overview ofgrievances redress mechanisms;

trategy: trateg tools are rovided in Toolkit 2: Strategy.

479. Toolkits from other sections can rovide additionalinformation in the coordination of the shelter resonse.

480. This toolkit informs and assists the effective coordinationof the shelter sector resonse. ach tool comlements theguidance rovided in Chater 1:Coordination and deliversfurther assistance when coordinating, assessing, lanning,funding, imlementing and monitoring activities in suort ofan ongoing sector resonse. The tools offered below are notexhaustive but rather rovide examles of the te of tool thatma be used.

T1.1

T1.

T1.3

T1.4

T1.5


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Coordination1

ntroduction

1

Country level

538.An examle of ublic media used to inform individuals andcommunities on earthquake resistant techniques, in this casebracing is used.

Construction techniquesiagram T1.

xample :

Construction

techniques

T1.4. Communicating with the affected population

534. The communication of the roosed shelter strateg tothe affected oulation is vital to ensure transarenc andfairness, and to encourage accetance of the scheme, followingVXIFLHQWIHHGEDFDQGDGXVWPHQW

535. here it is necessar to introduce the affected oulationto new techniques and ideas, it is imortant to roduceinformation and training materials which can be understood bthe local oulation. xamles of new information ma include


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Assessment

Strategy T2

Assessment T3

Implementation T4

Coordination

Activities 1.3

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

Participation 2.1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

oolkits

4

www.shelterhaiti.org

the conveance of new construction techniques, or safetissues relating to new building materials.

536.uidance This section offers three examles of ublic media, usedto conve new ideas to affected oulations, for the uroseRI UH VDIHW\ EXLOGLQJ WHFKQLXHV DQG ORQJWHUP VWUDWHJ\resectivel:

iagram T1.1: ire safet

iagram T1.: Construction techniques

iagram T1.3: Communicating strateg

537. An examle of ublic media used to conve the safe useRIUHDQGDPHV

ire safety

www.humanitarianreform.org

iagram T1.1

xample 1: ire

safety


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2ntroduction

1

Country level

546. This toolkit suorts the shelter strateg develoment boffering a set of resources and tools, which comlement theguidance offered in Chater : trateg.

T. T.3 T.4 T.5T.1

articiation lanning Temlate nuts Assessment

Strategy oolkit


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4

Assessment

Strategy 2

Assessment T3

Implementation T4

Coordination T1

Activities 1.3

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

Participation 2.1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

oolkits

547. The toolkit is divided into the following sections:

articipation:activities to encourage increased organisationalengagement in sector strateg;

lanning: rinciles and legal frameworks for coordinatingsector strateg, rogramme and roject lans;

Template: indicators, standards and activities; and

nputs: land and tenure issues incororating inter-sectoralconsiderations into the strategic lanning rocess.

Assessment:T3.

548. Toolkits from other sections can rovide additionalinformation in the develoment of a shelter resonse strateg.

549. The toolkit for strateg rovides a set of tools, which informand assist the develoment of an effective shelter strateg.ach tool comlements the guidance rovided in Chater :

trateg and delivers further assistance when coordinating,assessing, lanning, funding, imlementing and monitoringactivities in suort of an ongoing sector strateg. The toolsoffered below are not exhaustive but rather rovide examlesof the te of tool that ma be used when making decisionsfor imlementing transitional settlement and reconstructionrogrammes and rojects.

T.1

T.

T.3

T.4

T.5


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2ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

1

Country level

617. The antt chart is one of the most common and usefultechniques used in lanning and scheduling. The followingdiagram illustrates an examle T2.1.b.

rearing to lan

lanning process

*DQWWFKDUWH[DPSOH

4 6

et commitment

utline lan rocess

nitial lanning meeting

ocumentation read

orm lanning team

iagram T.

antt chart

H[DPSOH

uidance

619.Navigation This section of the trateg Toolkit contains resourceswhich ma be used when undertaking tasks outlined in .4:

.4.1 timeline of resonse oeration and associatedrelevant land issues; and

.4. land and tenure issues in the strategic lanningrocess.

620.uidance This section includes tools, which ma be used toconsider the external inuts that need to be accounted for

T.4nuts

Toolkit for nputsContinued


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4

Assessment

Strategy 2

Assessment T3

Implementation T4

Coordination T1

Activities 1.3

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

Participation 2.1lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

oolkits

etermine deadlines

ield mission lanned

lanning retreat

lanning scenario set

ituation assessment

ield missions

raft lans

ollow u meeting

Agree os design

evelo rojects

evelo budgets

rocurement

Coordination lan set

inalised lan

618.ork breakdown A work breakdown is a useful lanning technique foridentifing the ke arts of an comlex task and for showingthe relationshis that exist between tasks. An examle of awork breakdown is shown below. The rocess of breakingdown the work involves analsing the ke sub-tasks that haveto be carried out in a sstematic manner.

utut 1

Activit 1

Task 1 Task 1

Task Task

Task 3 Task 3

utut

Activit

utut 3

Activit 3

roject

Task 1

Task

Task 3

iagram T.3

ork

breakdown

H[DPSOH

consider the external inuts that need to be accounted forwhen develoing an effective integration strateg. These arelisted in 4..4, as: livelihoods, land use, lanning and tenure,environment and disaster risk reduction issues.

T.4.1 Timeline of response operation and associatedrelevant land issues

621.uidance This tool outlines the timeline for resonse oerations andthe relevant land issues at each stage.


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3ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

1

Country level

627. The assessment chater suorts the coordination ofthe assessments of sector stakeholders b structuring theassessment rocess into four stages: reliminar 3..1,raid 3.., in-deth 3..3, and monitoring and evaluation3..4. This toolkit on assessment offers additional suort to

guide the imlementation of assessment activities.

T3. T3.3 T3.4 T3.5T3.1

articiation Assessment Tools Teams mlementation

Assessment toolkit


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1

4

Assessment

Strategy T2

Assessment 3

Implementation T4

Coordination T1

Activities 1.3

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

trategy

Participation 2.1lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

articiation 3.1Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

oolkits

articipation: issues to consider and tools to use to guide thearticiation of the affected oulation in assessment;

Assessment: tools for assessing livelihoods and needs aroundmarkets, the environment, hazards and vulnerabilities;

Tools: activities that guide the design of assessment toolswhich identif what is needed and what caacit is available tomeet these needs;

Teams: activities that guide the establishment of assessmentteams; and

mplementation: guidance and activities for collecting andmanaging information.

628. This toolkit is organised around these four subjects.arious other tools that ma be aroriate for each of the fourstages of the assessment monitoring and evaluation rocessare resented, such as tools for assessing damage and loss,and hazards and risks.

629. Man agencies conduct damage assessments thatLQFOXGH XDQWLHG HVWLPDWHV RI SK\VLFDO GDPDJH UHVXOWLQJfrom disaster. ome agencies use a mixture of damage andneed assessment to conve a more comrehensive account.ome tools resented here ma be suitable for more than oneassessment subject (i.e. needs and damage). The urose ofthese tools is to guide different tes of assessment roceduresto facilitate the resonse and include all relevant stakeholders,including the affected oulation and vulnerable grous.

630. The tools offered below are not exhaustive but ratherrovide examles of the te of tool that ma be used to guideassessments of transitional settlement and reconstructionrogrammes and rojects.

T3.1

T3.

T3.3

T3.4

T3.5


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Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

3ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

1

Country level

T..4 nsuring information consistency

742.uidance This section rovides a brief overview of how to manageDVVHVVPHQW LQIRUPDWLRQ E\ KLJKOLJKWLQJ D H\ SRLQW WKDWinformation collected remain consistent. urther informationcan be found in Toolkit 1 T1.5; T1.6; 3.5.

743. As different organisat ions and assessment teamscollect data at different times and with different scales, therisk dulicating their efforts and imeding a smooth transitionbetween the relief, recover and reconstruction hases of theresonse. This has been known to cause assessment fatigueamong the affected oulation and also comromise theaccurac and reliabilit of the information collected.

744. hile assessment teams assess the level of damage andreconstruction needed, standard guidelines and tools shouldbe available to ensure that this assessment is conducted in a


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4 4

4

Assessment

Strategy T2

Assessment 3

Implementation T4

Coordination T1

trategy

Participation 2.1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

oolkits

be available to ensure that this assessment is conducted in aconsistent manner. This information is adated from the orldBank handbook orld Bank, 1.

745. ome useful tools for ensuring consistent assessmentinformation:

temlates can structure and regularise the collection ofdamage data;

training for assessment teams hels them understandcommon information collection methods and usecommon temlates. uch training ma include ractisingon damaged houses and comaring results;

common rates and benchmarks can be used to maintaincommon estimates across teams and agencies.


Coordination

Activities 1.3

1

4ntroduction

articiation 1.1

ramework 1.

nformation 1.4

trateg 1.5

1

Country level

Implementation toolkit746. The imlementation chater of these guidelines rovidesguidance on imlementing rogramme and roject lans fortransitional settlement and reconstruction.

T4. T4.3 T4.4 T4.5T4.1

articiation tions esonse Methods

1

4 6?

?

?

Coordination

747. 7KHFKDSWHURIIHUVYHFROOHFWLYHGHFLVLRQVRUZRUVWDJHVfor consideration.

articipation: RIIHUVWRROVIRUEHQHFLDU\LGHQWLFDWLRQ

ptions:RIIHUVWRROVIRULGHQWLI\LQJDQGHYDOXDWLQJGLIIHUHQW

T4.1

1

4 6T4.


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48 4

Implementation 4

oolkits

4

Assessment

Strategy T2

Assessment T3

Coordination T1

trategy

Participation 2.1

lanning .

Temlate .3

nuts .4

Assessment .5

rogramme level

articiation 3.1

Assessment 3.

Tools 3.3

Teams 3.4

mlementation 3.5

mplementation

articiation 4.1

tions 4.

esonse 4.3

Methods 4.4

Coordination 4.5

WUDQVLWLRQDOVHWWOHPHQWDQGUHFRQVWUXFWLRQRSWLRQV

esponse: SURYLGHV D JXLGLQJWRRO IRU EXLOGLQJ EDF PRUH

VDIHO\Methods: rovides information to assist decisions on labour,PDWHULDOVXSSRUWDQGXDOLW\IRUEXLOGLQJEDFPRUHVDIHO\

Coordination:T1

748. TKLV WRROLW LV VWUXFWXUHG DURXQG WKHVH YH FROOHFWLYHGHFLVLRQVDQGRIIHUVVXSSRUWWRGHFLVLRQPDHUVE\SURYLGLQJDselection of tools relevant to each decision.

749. URJUDPPHDQGSURHFWPDQDJHUVVKRXOGFRQVLGHUWKHYH

decisions described in Chater 4 of these guidelines in order todevelo an aroriate rogramme and roject lan. The toolsRIIHUHGEHORZDUHQRWH[KDXVWLYHEXWUDWKHUSURYLGHH[DPSOHVRIWKHW\SHRIWRROWKDWPD\EHXVHGZKHQPDLQJGHFLVLRQVfor imlementing transitional settlement and reconstructionrogrammes and rojects.

4 6

?

?

?

Navigation

uidance

T4.3

T4.4

T4.5


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lossary of termsTerms 'HQLWLRQ

$FFRXQWDELOLW\ The state of being accountable;liabilit to be called on torender an account.

Aftershocks arthquakes that follow the largest shock of anearthquake sequence. The are smaller than the main

shock and occur within a distance of one to two ruturelengths from the main shock. Aftershocks can continueover a eriod of weeks, months or ears. n general, thelarger the main shock, the larger and more numerous theaftershocks, and the longer the will continue (,htt:earthquake.usgs.gov).

$SDUWPHQWRZQHURFFXSLHU

or the uroses of these guidelines, this term describesthe transitional reconstruction otion where the occuantowns their aartment, a self-contained housing unit thatoccuies onl art of a building, formall or informall.


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34 35

$SDUWPHQWWHQDQW

or the uroses of these guidelines, this term describesthe transitional reconstruction otion where the aartmentis rented b the occuant, formall or informall

$VVHVVPHQW The surve of a real or otential disaster to estimatethe actual or exected damages and to makerecommendations for revention, rearedness,resonse, and reconstruction.

$VVLVWDQFH

methods

or the uroses of these guidelines, this term describes

the variet of material or service contributions that areFRPELQHGDQGRIIHUHGWREHQHFLDULHVLQLPSOHPHQWLQJDtransitional settlement or reconstruction roject.

DVHOLQHGDWD The initial information collected during an assessment,including facts, numbers, and descritions that ermitcomarison with the situation that existed before andmeasurement of the imact of the roject imlemented.

DVLFQHHGV The items that eole need to survive. This can includesafe access to essential goods and services such asfood, water shelter, clothing, health care, sanitation, and

education.LRORJLFDOGLVDVWHU

isaster event caused b exosure of living organisms togerms and toxic substances.

XLOGDFNBetter

Aroach to reconstruction that aims to reducevulnerabilit and imrove living conditions, while alsoromoting a more effective reconstruction rocess.


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HUQDFXODUDUFKLWHFWXUH

7KHGZHOOLQJVDQGRWKHUEXLOGLQJVWKDWUHHFWSHRSOHVenvironmental contexts and available resourcescustomaril owner or communit built, utilising traditionalWHFKQRORJLHV9HUQDFXODUDUFKLWHFWXUHUHHFWVWKHVSHFLFneeds, values, economies and was of life of the culturethat roduces them. The ma be adated or develoedover time as needs and circumstances change.

UEDQVHOIVHWWOHPHQW

or the uroses of these guidelines, this term describesa transitional settlement otion, consistent with theIROORZLQJGHQLWLRQ'LVSODFHGSRSXODWLRQVPD\GHFLGHWR

settle in an urban settlement, or in arts of it unaffectedb the disaster, occuing unclaimed roerties or land,RUVHWWOLQJLQIRUPDOO\&RUVHOOLVDQG9LWDOH

XOQHUDELOLW\ The characteristics of a erson or grou in terms of theircaacit to anticiate, coe with, resist and recover fromWKHLPSDFWRIDQDWXUDORUPDQPDGHKD]DUG&

XOQHUDEOHJURXSV

rous or members of grous articularl exosed to theimacts of hazards, such as dislaced eole, women,the elderl, the disabled, orhans and an grou subject

to discriminationDUQLQJ Mechanisms used to ersuade and enable eole and

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AB $VLDQ'HYHORSPHQW%DQ

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A Agenc-riven econstruction in-itu

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AM Assessment, Monitoring, valuation

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DUQLQJsystems

Mechanisms used to ersuade and enable eole andorganizations to take actions to increase safet andreduce the imacts of a hazard.

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53 nited Nations ousing ights rogramme

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XEHFW These guidelines were roduced with contributions fromnumerous National ocieties and build on the ost-disasterreconstruction exerience develoed within the Movement.These guidelines demonstrate an aroach that seeksto increase communities sense of ownershi and self-UHOLDQFHDQGDUHH[LEOHWRDQGHQFRXUDJHDZLGHYDULHW\of cultural and local construction ractices. These guidelinesDUH LQWHQGHG WRDVVLVW SURJUDPPHFRRUGLQDWRUVDQGHOGdelegates to suort articiator lanning and decision-

making, including the stes required to ensure qualitFRQWURO DSSURSULDWH WHFKQLFDO VXSHUYLVLRQ DQG QDQFLDOPDQDJHPHQWDGDSWHGIURP&

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Shelter After Disaster Guidelines 2010

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Transcript of Shelter After Disaster Guidelines 2010