Shell - Lubricants - Product Data Guide

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    Shell Lubricants Product Data GuideAustralian and New Zealand Edition

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    Disclaimer

    This Product Data Guide provides a summary of Shells main lubricant grades. The information is of a general nature and is not intended to provide

    comprehensive advice nor specified advice on product applications in individual circumstances. To the extent permitted by law, The Shell Companyof Australia Limited and Shell New Zealand Limited exclude all liability for any loss or damage which arises (whether on the basis of negligence orotherwise) as a result of reliance on the contents of this Guide. For specific advice, please contact the Shell Technical Advice Centre.

    The information (including OEM accreditations/approvals) is current as at the time of printing, however, this Guide may reflect upcoming changesto Shells product range and associated pack changes. Accordingly, the products listed may not yet be available or they may not be availablein the listed size or volume.

    Further information on the listed products or specialist products not listed may be obtained from the Shell Technical Advice Centre.Ph/Fax: 1300 134 205

    This Guide is not an offer to supply product or services. Please contact The Shell Company of Australia Limited on 13 16 18 or

    Shell New Zealand Limited on 0800 474 355 if you wish to request supply of products or services. Terms and conditions apply.

    Shell Lubricants Product Data GuideAustralian and New Zealand Edition

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    GREASES

    INDUSTRIAL GREASES

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Alvania RL

    23

    Shell Alvania Grease RL are general

    purpose industrial greases based ona new lithium hydroxystearate soapthickener fortified with anti-oxidant,anti-wear and anti-rust additives.

    Rolling element and plain grease

    lubricated bearings.

    Electric motor bearings.

    Sealed-for-life bearings.

    Water pump bearings.

    Shell Alvania Greases RL may beused under a wide range of operatingconditions. They offer very significantadvantages over conventional lithiumgreases at high temperature or in thepresence of water.

    NLGI Classification 2 & 3

    Soap Base Lithium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C) 100 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 10.2 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -30 to +130

    Shell Alvania EP

    (LF)00012

    Shell Alvania Greases EP (LF) offer theexcellent performance expected of theworlds leading brand of grease.

    They are premier qualit y, multipurpose,extreme-pressure industrial greasesbased on a blend of high viscosityindex mineral oils and a lithiumhydroxystreate soap thickener andcontain lead free extreme-pressure andother proven additives. Shell AlvaniaGreases EP (LF) are designed for thegrease lubrication of rolling elementand plain bearings such as thosefound in the steel, paper, mining,quarrying and construction industries.

    Shell Alvania EP 0 & 00 arespecifically designed for:

    Steel mill lubrication where a softergrease is necessary for specialiseddispensing systems.

    Heavy-duty plain and rolling elementbearings operating under severeconditions including shock loadingin wet environments.

    Gearbox applications where semi-fluid greases are required.

    Shell Alvania EP1 is for:

    Heavy-duty bearings served by

    centralised dispensing equipment. Extreme-pressure gear grease for

    applications at normal ambienttemperature.

    Heavy-duty plain and rolling elementbearings operating under severeconditions including shock loadingin wet environments.

    Low temperature greasing applications.

    Shell Alvania EP2 is for:

    Heavy-duty bearings and generalindustrial lubrication.n

    Heavy-duty plain and rolling elementbearings operating under severeconditions including shock loadingin wet environments.

    Operation over the temperaturerange -20C to 100C for bearingsoperating at 75% of the maximumrated speed (Can withstand up to120C intermittently).

    NLGI Classification 00, 0,1 & 2

    Soap Base Lithium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 189 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 15.6 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +120

    Meet the British Timken specificationfor Steel Mill applications.

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    GREASES

    GREASES

    INDUSTRIAL GREASES (continued)

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Alvania

    HD2

    Shell Alvania Grease HD 2 is a

    general-purpose industrial grease foruse at medium operating temperatures.

    Shell Alvania Grease HD 2 is basedon high viscosity index mineral oil anda mixed lithium/calcium soap thickenerand contains lead-free extreme-pressureadditives as well as anti-oxidation,anti-wear, anti-corrosion and adhesiveadditives, to ensure excellent performance,even under vibrating conditions.

    General purpose industrial applications,

    especially where extreme vibratingconditions are experienced.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base LithiumCalcium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 200 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 18.0 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -15 to +130

    Shell AlvaniaHDX

    00

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Alvania Grease HDX 00 is apremium quality, extreme-pressure semi-fluid industrial grease based on a blend

    of high viscosity index mineral oils anda lithium calcium mixed soap thickener.It contains lead free extreme-pressureadditives and molybdenum disulphide.

    Heavy-duty bearings served bycentralized dispensing equipment.

    Industrial gears that require a semifluid extreme-pressure grease forapplications at normal ambienttemperature.

    Heavy-duty plain and rolling elementbearings operating under severeconditions including shock loadingin wet environments.

    NLGI Classification 00

    Soap Base Lithium/

    CalciumBase Oil Viscosity @ 40C 460 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 31.0 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -15 to +100

    Shell AlvaniaSDX 2

    Shell Alvania Grease SDX2 is a superhigh performance grease for the lubricationof industrial bearings subjected to themost arduous conditions.

    It is based on heavy-duty semi synthetic

    base oils and a mixed lithium/calciumsoap thickener. It contains extreme-pressure, anti-wear, anti-corrosionand adhesion additives. The additionof molybdenum disulphide providesadditional resistance to shock loading.

    Shell Alvania Grease SDX2 isrecommended for the lubricationof severe duty applications even indamp and hostile conditions including:

    Heavy earth-moving pins and bushes.

    Turntables.

    Slow moving industrial journal androlling element bearings.

    This grease is particularly suitedwhere flingoff, water and vibrationare problems and heavy shock loadsare experienced. This grease is notrecommended for high-speed bearings.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Lithium/Calcium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 800 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 55.0 cStOperating Temperature Range 0 to +130

    Shell Albida EP

    1 AUST ONLY

    2

    Shell Albida Grease EP is a highperformance multi-purpose grease forindustrial applications. It is based on highviscosity index mineral oil and a lithium

    complex soap thickener. It contains thelatest additives to offer excellent hightemperature oxidation performance andenhance its extreme pressure, anti-wearand anti-corrosion properties.

    Shell Albida Grease EP is especiallysuitable for heavy-duty bearingsoperating at high temperatureand under severe load.

    Shell Albida Grease EP is used for thegrease lubrication of heavy-duty bearingssuch as those used in machinery foundin the following industries:

    Continuous casting.

    Vibrating sieves.

    Quarries.

    Breakers.

    Roller conveyors.

    NLGI Classification 1 & 2

    Soap Base LithiumComplex

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 205 cStBase Oil Viscosity @ 100C 18.2 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -15 to +150

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    GREASES

    INDUSTRIAL GREASES (continued)

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Albida

    Grease HD 2

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Albida Grease HD 2 is a high

    performance, high temperature greasefor heavy-duty industrial applications.

    This product is based on high viscosityindex mineral oil and a lithium complexsoap thickener and contains the latestadditives to offer excellent high temperatureoxidation performance and other additivesto enhance its anti-oxidation, anti-wear andanti-corrosion properties.

    Shell Albida Greases HD 2 isespecially suitable for slow moving,heavy-duty bearings operating at hightemperature and under severe load.

    Shell Albida Grease HD 2 is used for

    the grease lubrication of heavy-duty,slow moving bearings used in heavyindustries, such as:

    Steel (continuous casters,workroll bearings, etc.).

    Cement.

    Paper.

    Chemical Industry.

    Mining.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base LithiumComplex

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 460 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 32.0 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +150

    Shell Rhodina EP(LF) 2

    High performance,moderate temperature,extreme pressure grease

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Rhodina Greases EP(LF) aresmooth textured, calcium basedgreases for undemanding industrialand marine applications at moderatetemperatures requiring extremepressure performance.

    Plain bearings working under arduousconditions in the presence of water.

    Shell Rhodina Greases EP (LF)are not recommended for rollingelement bearings.

    Stern Tube Bearings, Cranes,Davits, Winches, Windlass.

    Low or Medium duty open gearing.

    Wire ropes in general use.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Calcium

    Base Oil Viscosit y @ 40C 315 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 16.0 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -10 to +60

    Shell Rhodina BBZ

    High performance,part- synthetic grease, forbearings subject to frettingand false brinelling.

    Shell Rhodina Grease BBZ is specificallydesigned for high demanding outdoor

    applications, in particular when protectionagainst false brinelling and frettingcorrosion is required even at verylow temperatures.

    Rhodina Grease BBZ is designedfor lubrication of specific bearings in

    windturbines (e.g. blade bearings) andother similar applications. Protectionagainst fretting corrosion, moisturecorrosion and false brinelling is provided.

    Rhodina Grease BBZ can also beused in bearings operating at very lowtemperatures. e.g. under artic conditions.

    NLGI Classification 1.5

    Soap Base Calcium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 13 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 3 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -55 to +100

    Shell AlbidaHDX 2

    Top quality, high temperature,severe duty grease

    High performance lithium complex,high temperature (150C), and longlife extreme pressure grease. Contains3% molybdenum disulphide. Multi-purpose industrial use including hightemperature applications for highly

    loaded larger bearing and non-bearing applications.

    Shell Albida Grease HDX2 is used forthe grease lubrication of heavy-duty,slow moving bearings subject to shockloads found in the following industries:

    Mining.

    Steel.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base LithiumComplex

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 460 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 32.0 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +150

    Shell Albida MDX

    12

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Albida Greases MDX are veryhigh performance heavy-duty greasesdesigned for use in a wide range ofindustrial and mining applications.They are based on a high viscosityindex mineral oil and lithium complexsoap thickener. They contains selectedadditives to offer excellent hightemperature oxidation performanceand enhanced extreme pressure,anti-wear and anticorrosion properties.

    They also contain 5% molybdenumdisulphide to provide additionalresistance to shock loading.

    Shell Albida Greases MDX are usedfor the lubrication of shock loaded,heavy-duty slow moving bearingsand non-bearing applications, suchas those found in large mobile miningequipment. Albida MDX greases areavailable as NLGI 2 grease and alsoas an NLGI 1 version where a morepump-able grease is required.

    NLGI Classification 1 & 2

    Soap Base LithiumComplex

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 460 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 24.0 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -15 to +150

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    GREASES

    GREASES

    INDUSTRIAL GREASES (continued)

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Albida GC1

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Albida GC1 is a lithium

    polyethylene complex grease basedon mineral oils, containing antioxidants,rust inhibitors, extreme pressure and anti-wear additives. The grease has a uniquedesign that resists separation duringextreme centripetal accelerations.

    While conventional products separaterapidly in high-speed gear couplingsresulting in severe oil leakage,the structure and composition ofShell Albida GC1 remains intactat accelerations up to 36.000 G.Additionally the product has an

    excellent load carrying ability andexcellent rust preventing properties.

    Flexible gear couplings operating at

    speeds from 300 rpm and up.

    NLGI Classification 1

    Soap Base LithiumComplex

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 630 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 31.0 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -10 to +120

    Shell Darina R 2 Shell Darina Grease R based onan inorganic non-soap thickenerand a specially selected base oil,will provide satisfactory lubricationbeyond the temperature limitationsof lithium based greases.

    The base oil component in Shell DarinaGrease R is a high quality, solventrefined, high viscosity mineral oil withexcellent oxidation and evaporationresistance. Oxidation stability is also

    improved by the addition of a specialhigh temperature oxidation inhibitor.

    Recommended for use in bearingsoperating in the temperature range-10C to 180C. Shell Darina GreaseR 2 gives good service life in manyapplications where expensive syntheticor silicone lubricants would otherwisebe considered.

    The special high viscosity base oilin Shell Darina Grease R 2 makesit particularly suitable for the greaselubrication of heavily loaded slow

    speed bearings. With caution, ShellDarina Grease R 2 may be used attemperatures in excess of 200C,but only so long as the Re-lubricationperiod is suitably adjusted.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Inorganic(clay)

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 492 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 32 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -10 to +180

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    GREASES

    HIGH TEMPERATURE GREASES

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Stamina HDS

    Ultimate performanceheavy-duty syntheticdiurea grease

    A high performance, high temperature(180C), extreme pressure, high base

    oil viscosity, polyurea grease. Longlife and outstanding wear protection.For use in low to medium speed,heavy-duty, high temperature, industrialbearings, especially found in the steeland paper industries.

    Steel, Paper, Aluminium, Chemical.

    Heavy-duty slow moving plain androlling element bearings operating inthe severe environments, especiallywhen semi or fully sealed for life:

    Concaster bearings.

    Paper mill bearings (dry end).

    Shell Stamina HDS is recommendedwhen low and high temperatureperformance is key.

    NLGI Classification 1.5

    Soap Base Diurea

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 470 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 47 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -40 to +100

    Shell Stamina RL2 Shell Stamina RL2 is an advancedhigh technology grease designed togive superior performance for greaselubrication in industrial bearings. It isbased on highly refined mineral oilswith a special diurea thickener to givelong life, low wear and shear stableproperties at high temperatures.

    Shell Stamina RL2 is particularlyrecommended for use in hightemperature (180C continuous,190C peak), lightly loaded industrialbearings. It is recommended foruse where long operational life andextended regreasing intervals areimportant considerations.

    Shell Stamina RL2 is especially suitedfor use in rolling bearings, particularlyunder higher temperatures such as in:

    Electric motors.

    Generators and alternators.

    Fans.

    Pumps.

    Conveyors.

    Roll neck bearings of continuouscasting equipment and rolling millsin the steel industry.

    Sealed for life bearings.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Poly Urea

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 148 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 14.8 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +180

    Shell Stamina EP2 Shell Stamina EP2 is an advancedhigh technology extreme pressuregrease designed to give superiorperformance, especially in bearingsoperating at high temperatures andunder severe load.

    It is based on highly refined mineral

    oils with a special diurea thickener togive long life, low wear and shearstable properties especially at hightemperatures.

    Shell Stamina EP2 is particularlyrecommended for the lubrication ofheavy-duty bearings especially:

    Conveyor bearings and bushes.

    Continuous casting and slippertype couplings.

    Roll bearings.

    Drier cylinders, felt rolls and machinehood bearings.

    Vibrating sieves.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Poly Urea

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 220 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 15.8 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +180

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    GREASES

    GREASES

    DRILL GREASE/STORAGE AND THREAD COMPOUNDS

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell MalleusSTC 2

    Shell Malleus Grease STC are storageand thread compounds, meeting the

    requirements of the DEA 47(E) Committeefor use as green dopes. These greasesare based on highly refined mineral oils,with a calcium soap thickener containsgraphite and suitable additives to provideexcellent corrosion protection, preventgalling of threads and ensure consistentmake/break torques.

    Thread compounds for use withrotary-shouldered connectors.

    NLGI Classification 1 & 2

    Soap Base Calcium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 120 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 11.0 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +60

    KILN SEAL GREASE

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Kiln Seal TI

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Kiln Seal TI is a premium gradelithium complex based sealant formulated

    specifically for the mineral sands industry.

    It is formulated to withstand the hightemperatures experienced in the rotarykilns mechanical seals yet provide aneffective seal under heavy loads.

    Rotar y kiln mechanical seals NLGI Classification 0.5

    Soap Base LithiumComplex

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 150 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 14.5 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -15 to +150

    RAILROAD GREASES

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Alvania EP D

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Alvania EP D is a long-liferailroad grease with extreme pressureadditives to provide higher loadcarrying capacity.

    The Association of American Railways(AAR) have developed a greasespecification AAR M-942 (Revised1992), designed to eliminate field

    lubrication, so that they only haveto grease bearings when rail carsare brought to the shop for wheelrepair. This practice requires a greasecapable of performing in the bearingsfor hundreds of thousands of kilometresor up to 10 years, without the needfor re-lubrication. Shell Alvania EP Dis specifically designed as a long liferailway bearing grease meeting theabove AAR requirements.

    NLGI Classification 1.5

    Soap Base Lithium/Calcium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 173 cStBase Oil Viscosity @ 100C 16.0 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -10 to +120

    Association of American RailroadsAAR M - 942 (REVISED 1992)NSW SRA L343-84

    Shell Alvania D

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Alvania D is a high performancelong life railway grease primarily

    intended for the newer package typeaxle bearings with elastomer seals.

    Railway axle box bearings NLGI Classification 1.5

    Soap Base Lithium/

    Calcium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 180 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 15.4 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +130

    Association of American Railroads(AAR) M-942-88NSW SRA L.343-84

    Shell Cyprina RA Shell Cyprina RA is an NLGI grade 3lithium soap grease specifically designedfor use in diesel electric locomotivetraction motor bearing lubrication.

    Shell Cyprina RA is approved by bothEMD and General Electric. The uniqueproperties of Cyprina RA also makeit suitable for use in pre-packed anti-friction bearings intended for lifetimeservice without re-lubricating.

    Diesel electric locomotive tractionmotor bearings.

    Pre-packed and sealed bearings.

    NLGI Classification 3

    Soap Base Lithium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 98 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 9.4 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +120

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    GREASES

    WORM DRIVE GEARBOXES

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Tivela GL 00 Shell Tivela GL is a synthetic, semi-fluid

    gear lubricant developed to meetthe highest requirements of industrialgearboxes allowing long life troublefree operation.

    Small industrial gear units.

    Worm gears the low steel/tin-bronze frictional characteristicsof Shell Tivela GL 00 make itparticularly suitable for worm gearshaving this combination of alloys.

    Paints High quality red lead orepoxy resin paints are recommendedfor use in contact with Shell TivelaGL 00, as the synthetic polyglycolcomponent will tend to attack certainconventional paints.

    Seals Shell Tivela GL 00 may be

    used satisfactorily with all normalseal materials. Leather seals are notrecommended as the natural fatstend to be removed, leaving theseals thin and brittle.

    NLGI Classfiication 00

    Soap Base Lithium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 142 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 23 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -30 to +130

    BIODEGRADABLE

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell NaturelleGrease EP 2

    Biodegradeable greasefor use in a wide range ofIndustrial applications

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Naturelle Grease EP 2 is abiodegradeable grease for use inapplications where environmentalacceptability is required. This grease

    is base upon a lithium hydroxystearatesoap thickener, is free from lead andsodium nitrite and is fortified withextreme pressure, anti-oxidant, anti-wear and anti-rust additives.

    Heavy-duty bearings and generalindustrial lubrication.

    Heavy-duty plain and rolling elementbearings operating under severe

    conditions including shock loadingin wet environments.

    Operation over the temperaturerange -20C to 100C for bearingsoperating at 75% of the maximumrated speed (can withstand up to120C intermittently ).

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Lithium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 120 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 8.0 cStOperating Temperature Range -40 to +120

    Biodegradable to latest CEC standards.

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    GREASES

    GREASES

    TRANSPORT GREASES

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Retinax LX

    23

    Shell Retinax Grease LX are very

    high performance, lead free, lithiumcomplex, extreme pressure greasesdeveloped, primarily, for the lubricationof automotive wheel bearings subjectedto high temperatures.

    Automotive wheel bearings

    It is particularly effective inautomotive wheel bearingssubjected to high temperaturesand load caused by repeatedor high speed braking especiallyon disc brakes.

    General Automotive application Suitable as a multi functionallubricant for cars, trucks, busesetc. such as in wheel units, chassislubrication and water pumps.

    Shell Retinax LX3 (the problemsolver) is especially suited to

    difficult Commercial Road Transportapplications e.g. larger or more.

    NLGI Classification 2 & 3

    Soap Base LithiumComplex

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 160 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 15.5 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +150

    Approved by British Timken SKF

    Leyland Bus Exceeds Specification GX

    Shell RetinaxHDX 2

    Shell Retinax Grease HDX2 is avery high performance grease forautomotive applications subjected tothe most arduous conditions.

    Shell Retinax Grease HDX2 is basedon high viscosity index mineral oil anda mixed lithium/calcium soap thickenerand contains extreme-pressure, anti-oxidation, anti-wear, anticorrosion andadhesion additives. It also contains3% molybdenum disulphide to provideadditional resistance to shock loading.

    Shell Retinax HDX2 is recommended forthe lubrication of shock loaded heavy-dutybearings and non-bearing applicationsworking in damp hostile conditions.

    Particularly suited for use in off-highwayapplications and for the lubrication offifth wheels.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Lithium/Calcium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C205 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 17.9 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -10 to +130

    Caterpillar: Meets requirements

    Volvo: Meets requirements

    Shell Retinax HD 2

    AUST ONLY

    Shell Retinax Grease HD2 is a veryhigh performance automotive greasefor commercial road transport andoff-highway applications whereguaranteed protection is required.

    Shell Retinax Grease HD2 is basedon high viscosity index mineral oiland a mixed lithium/calcium soapthickener and contains lead freeextreme pressure additives. It is alsofortified with anti-oxidation, anti-wear,

    anti-corrosion and adhesion agents toensure excellent performance.

    Automotive wheel bearings for commercialroad transport and off-highway applicationswhere operating conditions are severe.

    Shell Retinax HD2 is intended for use underlow to moderate temperature conditions.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Lithium/Calcium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 205 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 17.9 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -15 to +130

    Shell Retinax SD 2 Shell Retinax Grease SD2 is a superhigh performance automotive greasefor commercial road transport andagricultural applications whereguaranteed protection is required.

    Shell Retinax Grease SD2 is basedon high viscosity index semi-syntheticbase oils and a mixed lithium/calciumsoap thickener and contains lead freeextreme pressure additives. It is alsofortified with anti-oxidation, anti-wear,

    anti-corrosion and adhesion agents toensure excellent performance.

    Shell Retinax SD2 is recommendedfor the lubrication of severe dutyapplications even in damp andhostile conditions including:

    Linkages.

    Pins.

    Bushes.

    Chassis points.

    Low to medium speed bearings.

    This grease is particularly suited tocommercial road transport and agriculturalapplications where fling-off, water andvibration are problems. This grease is notrecommended for high-speed bearings.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Lithium/Calcium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 680 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 55 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range 0 to +130

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    GREASES

    TRANSPORT GREASES (continued)

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Retinax

    EPX 2AUST ONLY

    Shell Retinax Grease EPX2 is designed

    for use in automotive applicationssubjected to severe operatingconditions. It is based on high viscosityindex mineral oil and a lithium soapthickener and contains extreme-pressure,anti-wear and anti-corrosion additives.Shell Retinax Grease EPX2 alsocontains molybdenum disulphide toenhance its resistance to shock loading.

    Shell Retinax EPX2 is recommended

    for the lubrication of shock loadedheavy-duty bearings. Can be used foroff-highway applications and for thelubrication of fifth wheels.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Lithium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 160 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 15.5 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -20 to +110

    Shell Retinax EP 2 Shell Retinax Grease EP2 is a multi-purpose, extreme pressure greasebased on highly refined mineral oiland carefully selected additives to

    enhance its effectiveness in a widerange of automotive applications.

    Automotive wheel bearings (Taperand rolling). (Use Shell Retinax LX2for high temperature applications).

    Chassis points.

    Universal joints.

    Water pump bearings.

    Generator bearings.

    Cables and throttle linkages.

    King-pin front suspension joints.

    Spring shackles.

    Steering and transmission joints.

    NLGI Classification 2

    Soap Base Lithium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 160 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 15.5 cStOperating Temperature Range -20 to +120

    Shell Retinax CS

    00

    Shell Retinax Greases CS areautomotive greases for centralisedchassis lubrication systems. They

    are based on highly refined mineraloil, mild extreme-pressure and othercarefully selected additives to provideexcellent protection in all conditions.

    Centralised chassis lubrication systemson trucks and buses.

    NLGI Classification 0

    Soap Base Lithium

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 40C 180 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosity @ 100C 18 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -30 to +100

    Shell CVJ-Poly

    AUST ONLY

    Shell CVJ-Poly Grease is a super highperformance and high temperaturegrease designed for use in ConstantVelocity Joints (CVJ). It is based onhigh viscosity index mineral oil andpolyurea thickener. It contains thelatest additives to offer excellent hightemperature oxidation performanceand enhance its extreme pressure, anti-wear and anti-corrosion properties.

    Shell CVJ-Poly Grease is used for thelubrication of constant velocity joints(CVJ). The severity of duty experiencedby lubricants in CVJs demands asuperior performance grease, thatis capable of maintaining maximumefficiency and protection over a verylong service life. Shell CVJ-Poly Greaseis formulated to exceed the demandingrequirements of CVJs and to minimisenoise, vibration and harshness (NVH)giving a smoother feel to the driver.

    NLGI Classification 1.5

    Soap Base Polyurea

    Base Oil Viscosit y @ 40C 150 cSt

    Base Oil Viscosit y @ 100C 14.8 cSt

    Operating Temperature Range -15 to +160

    GREASE SUFFIXES SUFFIX 1 SUFFIX 2

    CD = Chassis Lubrication (Only use if additional attributes are to be highlighted) eg.CS = Centralised SystemEP = Extreme Pressure Q = Quite (low noise)GL = Gear Lubricant S = SyntheticHD = Heavy-duty X = 3% molyHT = High TemperatureHV = High Velocity To get the best from your grease we recommend that it is stored in a cool, dry

    JB = Journal Bearing environment and that you ensure the cap is securely replaced on the cartridge,LT = Low Temperature pail or drum after use.

    LX = Lithium Complex (high temperature)RL = Regular Load Shell does not recommend the mixing of greases. If replacing a greaseSD = Severe Duty with a different grade, always purge the old grease from the bearingSTC = Storage & Thread Compound or application point first.TC = Thread CompoundWR = Water Resistant

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    GREASES

    GREASES

    FOOD GRADE GREASES

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Cassida

    Grease EPS

    0012

    Shell Cassida Grease EPS are very

    high performance extreme pressurelubricants specially blended for thegrease lubrication of machinery usedin food and beverage processing andpackaging industry. They are basedon an aluminium complex thickener,synthetic fluids and selected additiveschosen for their ability to meet thestringent requirements of the foodindustry.

    Shell Cassida Grease EPS 00.

    Enclosed industrial gearboxes.

    Automatic, centralised lubricationsystems.

    Shell Cassida Grease EPS 1.

    Plain and rolling element bearings.

    Enclosed industrial gearboxes.

    Automatic, centralised lubricationsystems.

    Shell Cassida Grease EPS 2.

    Rolling element and plain bearings.

    Joints, linkages and slides.

    Recommended for a wide rangeof applications including: clay androller element bearings.

    Shell Cassida Grease EPS may alsobe used as protective anti-rust filmsand as release agents on gasketsand seals of tank closures.

    NSF H1.

    Kosher.

    Halal.

    AQIS.

    SVGW (Swiss Water and Gas Authority).

    David Brown for use in gearboxes.

    Krones.

    Buehler Utzwil.

    Alfa Laval decanting machines.

    FMC: Shell Cassida EPS 2 for manuallubrication on can seamer 752-S and

    Shell Cassida EPS 00 on seamer 659.

    Shell CassidaGrease RLS 2

    Aerosol 400ml pack

    Shell Cassida Grease RLS are speciallyblended for the grease lubrication ofmachinery used in the food industry. Theyare based on an aluminium complex

    thickener, synthetic fluids and selectedadditives chosen for their ability to meet thestringent requirements of the food industry.

    Rolling element and plain bearings.

    Joints and linkages open to theatmosphere.

    NSF H1.

    Kosher.

    Halal.

    AQIS. SVGW (Swiss Water and Gas Authority).

    David Brown, for use in gearboxes.

    FMC (RLS 00) for use in LincolnCentralised Lub.

    Systems in 752-S1 can seamers.

    FMC (RLS 1) for Lincoln Centralised Lub.

    Systems using SJ32, 33 injectorsor similar Systems.

    Cassida RLS 00 and RLS 2 for FMCcan seamers CX 52 series.

    Angelus (RLS 0 and 2) for use in canseamers (as indicated on label).

    Krones (RLS 00 and 1).

    Getriebebau Nord (RLS 2).

    Buehler Utzwil (RLS 00) for gearingand central lubrication systems.

    Woerner.

    Stork Food and Dairy Systems (RLS 2).

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    GREASES

    FOOD GRADE GREASES (continued)

    PRODUCT DESCRIPTION MAIN APPLICATIONS TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

    Shell Cassida

    Grease HDS 2AUST ONLY

    Shell Cassida Grease HDS are

    very high performance heavy-dutylubricants specially blended for thegrease lubrication of machinery usedin food and beverage processing andpackaging industry.

    They are based on an aluminiumcomplex thickener, synthetic fluidsand selected additives chosen fortheir ability to meet the stringentrequirements of the food industry.

    Slow and medium speed plain and

    rolling element bearings. Heavy loaded and shock loaded

    applications.

    Joints, linkages and slides.

    Overhead track systems.

    Shell Cassida Grease HDS may alsobe used as protective anti-rust films andas release agents on gaskets and sealsof tank closures.

    NSF H1

    Kosher

    Halal

    AQIS

    SVGW (Swiss Water and Gas Authority)

    Krones: Shell Cassida HDS 2

    Holac: Shell Cassida HDS 2

    California Pellet Mill Company andRoskamp Champion for heavy-dutybearings

    FMC: Shell Cassida HDS 2

    Stork Food and Dairy Systems Tetra-Pak: Shell Cassida HDS 2

    Shell CassidaGrease HTS 2

    Shell Cassida Grease HTS is ahigh performance high temperaturelubricant specially blended for thegrease lubrication of machinery usedin food and beverage processingand packaging industry. It is basedon a clay thickener, synthetic fluidsand selected additives chosen fortheir ability to meet the stringentrequirements of the food industry.

    Grease lubrication where operatingtemperatures are up to short timepeaks of 220C.

    Plain and rolling element bearings.

    Centralised automatic lubricationsystems.

    Joints, linkages and slides.

    Specifications and Certificates:

    NSF H1

    Kosher

    Halal

    Krones

    AQIS

    Shell Cassida LTS 1

    Low temperature greasefor the food industry

    NZ ONLY

    Shell Cassida Grease LTS 1 is a high

    performance low temperature lubricantspecially blended for the greaselubrication of machinery used infood and beverage processingand packaging industry.

    It is based on an aluminium complexthickener, synthetic fluids and selectedadditives chosen for their ability tomeet the stringent requirements ofthe food industry.

    Registered by NSF (Class H1) for usewhere there is potential for incidental

    food contact. This product meets theguidelines (1998) of, and was previouslyauthorized by, the US Department ofAgriculture Food Safety and InspectionService (USDA FSIS) for H1 use (lubricantwith incidental food contact) and listed inMiscellaneous Publication No 1419 Listof Proprietary Substances and NonfoodCompounds. Product contains onlysubstances permitted under US 21 CFR178.3570, 178.3620 and 182 for usein lubricants with incidental food contact.

    Cold storage situations with

    temperatures down to-50C.

    Plain and rolling element bearings.

    Centralised automatic lubrication systems.

    Joints, linkages and slides.

    Shell Cassida Grease LTS may also beused as protective anti-rust films and asrelease agents on gaskets and seals oftank closures.

    Specifications and Certificates:

    NSF H1

    Kosher

    Halal

    AQIS

    Approvals and Recommendations:

    Frigoscandia, Grease K and Mapplications in FRIGoDRIVE systems.

    Hoegger Alpina, for use in knife headand shaft labyrinth applications.

    Tetra-Pak, for use in Code S) Synthetic

    Applications.

    * Food Grade Lubricants

    Shell Cassida Globally Approved Food Grade Lubricants

    Components approved by the US FDA for incidental contact with food

    Approved by NSF International as Class H1

    Meets former USDA H1 requirements

    AQIS Lubricant Type A compliant

    NZ MAF classification C15 compliant

    Approved for use in Kosher and Halal food manufacture

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    GREASES

    SHELL GREASESCOMPATIBILITY CHART

    AI AI-X Ba Ca Ca-12 Ca-X Clay Li Li/Ca Li-X ShellStamina

    Aluminium (AI)

    Aluminium Complex (AI-X)

    Barium (Ba)

    Calcium (Ca)

    Calcium 12-hydroxy (Ca-12)

    Calcium Complex (Ca-X)

    Clay*

    Lithium (Li)

    Lithium/Calcium (Li/Ca)

    Lithium Complex (Li-X)

    Shell Stamina Grease**

    * Bentonite Hectorite Microgel

    ** Shell Stamina Grease has a polyureathickener and has been tested and foundcompatible with Lithium, Lithium/Calcium,

    Aluminium Complex and Shell Retinax Ax(clay).

    Good Compatibility

    Border Compatibility

    Incompatibile

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    GENERAL INFORMATION

    SAE VISCOSITY CLASSIFICATIONS (Society of Automotive Engineers)

    SAE VISCOSITY AT 100C MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE CHANNEL FLASHVISCOSITY MIN. MAX. FOR VISCOSITY OF POINT (C) POINT (C)

    GRADE cSt cSt 150 000 cP MAX. MINC

    SAE MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE VISCOSITY AT 100CVISCOSITY FOR VISCOSITY OF MINIMUM MAXIMUM

    GRADE 150 000 cP cSt CstC

    SAE J306 MAR85: Axle and Manual Transmission Oil Viscosity Classification

    1.455-W07

    1.404-W57

    0.762-W08

    0.1121-W58

    90W 0.42

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    GENERAL INFORMATION

    GENERALINFORMA

    TION

    ISO MID-POINT VISCOSITY KINEMATIC VISCOSITY

    VISCOSITY GRADE cSt at 40.0C LIMITS cSt at 40.0C.XAM.NIM

    NOITARTENEPDEKROWMTSA)C52(TA

    .ONEDARG

    NLGI Grease Classification (National Lubricating Grease Institute)

    574/544000

    034/00400583/5530

    043/0131

    592/5622

    052/0223

    502/5714

    061/0315

    511/586

    ISO Viscosity NumbersISO Viscosity Classification

    The ISO viscosity classification uses centistoke (cSt) units and relates to the viscosityat 40C. It consists of a series of 18 viscosity brackets between 1.98 cSt and1650.0 cSt each of which is defined by a number. The numbers indicate, to thenearest whole number, the mid-points of their corresponding viscosity brackets.

    ISO 2 2.2 1.98 2.42ISO 3 3.2 2.88 3.52

    ISO 5 4.6 4.14 5.06

    ISO 7 6.8 6.12 7.48

    ISO 10 10 9.00 11.00

    ISO 15 15 13.50 16.50

    ISO 22 22 19.80 24.20

    ISO 32 32 28.80 35.20

    ISO 46 46 41.40 50.60

    ISO 68 68 61.20 74.80

    ISO 100 100 90.00 110.00

    ISO 150 150 135.00 165.00

    ISO 220 220 198.00 242.00

    ISO 320 320 288.00 352.00

    ISO 460 460 414.00 506.00

    ISO 680 680 612.00 748.00

    ISO 1000 1000 900.00 1100.00

    ISO 1500 1500 1350.00 1650.00

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    GENERAL INFORMATION

    SAYBOLT SAYBOLT SAYBOLT

    KINEMATIC REDWOOD 1 UNIVERSAL ENGLER KINEMATIC REDWOOD 1 UNIVERSAL ENGLER KINEMATIC REDWOOD 1 UNIVERSAL ENGLER

    C EN TI STOKES SE COND S SE CON DS D EGR EE S CE NTIS TOKES SE CON DS S ECON DS D EGRE ES C EN TISTOKES S EC ON DS S EC ON DS D EG RE ES

    iscosity Conversion Tables

    2.0 31 32.6 1.122.5 32 34.4 1.173.0 33 36.0 1.22

    3.5 35 37.6 1.264.0 36 39.1 1.314.5 37 40.7 1.355.0 39 42.3 1.395.5 40 44.0 1.446.0 41 45.6 1.486.5 43 47.2 1.527.0 44 48.8 1.567.5 45 50.4 1.618.0 46 52.1 1.658.5 48 53.8 1.719.0 49 55.5 1.759.5 51 57.2 1.80

    10.0 52 58.9 1.8410.5 54 60.7 1.89

    11.0 55 62.4 1.9411.5 57 64.2 1.9812.0 58 66.0 2.0312.5 60 67.9 2.0813.0 62 69.8 2.1313.5 64 71.7 2.1814.0 65 73.6 2.2314.5 67 75.5 2.2815.0 68 77.4 2.3315.5 70 79.3 2.3916.0 72 81.3 2.4416.5 74 83.3 2.5017.0 75 85.3 2.5517.5 77 87.4 2.6018.0 79 89.4 2.65

    18.5 81 91.5 2.7119.0 82 93.6 2.7719.5 84 95.7 2.8320.0 86 97.8 2.8820.5 88 99.9 2.9421.0 90 102.0 3.0021.5 92 104.2 3.0622.0 94 106.4 3.1122.5 96 108.5 3.1723.0 97 110.7 3.2323.5 99 112.8 3.2924.0 101 117.1 3.4124.5 103 117.1 3.4125.0 105 119.3 3.47

    26 109 124.0 3.59

    27 113 128.5 3.7128 117 133.0 3.8329 121 137.5 3.9630 125 141.7 4.0831 129 146.0 4.2132 133 150.7 4.33

    33 137 155.2 4.4634 141 159.7 4.5835 145 164.3 4.71

    36 149 168.8 4.8437 153 173.3 4.9638 157 178.0 5.1039 161 182.4 5.2240 165 187.0 5.3541 169 191.5 5.4842 173 196.0 5.6143 177 200.5 5.7444 181 205.0 5.8745 185 209.8 6.0046 189 214.5 6.1347 193 219.0 6.2648 197 223.7 6.3849 201 228.3 6.5150 205 233.0 6.64

    51 209 237.5 6.7752 213 242.2 6.9053 218 246.8 7.0454 222 251.5 7.1755 226 256.0 7.3056 230 260.7 7.4357 234 265.3 7.5658 238 270.0 7.6959 242 274.7 7.8260 246 279.2 7.9561 250 284.0 8.0462 254 288.5 8.1863 258 295.6 8.3164 262 297.7 8.4565 266 302.4 8.58

    66 271 307.0 8.7267 275 311.7 8.8568 279 316.3 8.9869 283 321.0 9.1170 287 325.5 9.2472 295 335 9.5174 303 344 9.7776 311 353 10.0378 319 363 10.3080 328 372 10.5682 336 381 10.8284 344 391 11.0986 352 400 11.3588 360 410 11.6290 369 419 11.88

    92 377 428 12.1494 385 438 12.4196 393 447 12.6798 401 456 12.94

    100 410 465 13.20102 418 475 13.46

    104 426 484 13.73106 435 493 13.99108 443 502 14.26

    110 451 511 14.52112 459 521 14.78114 467 530 15.05116 476 540 15.31118 484 549 15.58120 492 558 15.84122 500 567 16.10124 508 577 16.37126 517 586 16.63128 525 595 16.90130 533 605 17.16132 541 614 17.42134 549 623 17.69136 558 632 17.95138 566 642 18.22

    140 574 651 18.48142 582 658 18.74144 590 667 19.01146 599 677 19.27148 607 686 19.54150 615 695 19.80152 623 705 20.06154 631 714 20.33156 640 723 20.59158 648 732 20.86160 656 742 21.12164 672 760 21.65168 689 779 22.18172 705 797 22.70176 722 816 23.23

    180 738 834 23.76184 754 853 24.29188 771 871 24.82192 787 890 25.34196 804 908 25.87200 820 927 26.40204 836 946 26.93208 853 964 27.46212 869 983 27.98216 886 1,001 28.51220 902 1,020 29.04224 918 1,038 29.57228 935 1,057 30.10232 951 1,075 30.62236 968 1,094 31.15

    For higher viscosities use thefollowing factors:

    RI = 4.10 VK.SU = 4.635 VK.E = .132 VK.

    iscosities of lubricating oils have generally been quotedn one or other of the following terms depending on thenstrument used for the viscosity determination.

    inematic Viscosity in centiStokes (VK. cSt)

    edwood 1 Viscosity in seconds (RI")

    aybolt Universal Viscosity in seconds (SUS")

    ngler Viscosity in degrees (E)

    A move to the use of centiStokes is well established but, formany years, it will be necessary to convert back and forthbetween the various units. The international standard unit for

    viscosity is mm2/sec being numerically identical to centiStokes.

    For most application purposes in industry where appreciabletolerances in viscosity limits are normal, the following table

    will serve for direct conversion of viscosities expressed in oneform of measurement to viscosities in another form, providedalways such conversions or comparisons have reference toidentical temperature conditions.

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    GENERAL INFORMATION

    GENERALINFORMA

    TION

    Storage and Handling of LubricantsStoring LubricantsPackages containing lubricants should, whenever possible,be stored under cover where they will not be exposed to theaction of the weather.

    Small packages such as tins should always be kept in coveredstorage, as should any package, whatever its size, once it hasbeen opened and its contents partially used. When the outsidestorage of unopened drums is unavoidable, certain simpleprecautions must be observed.

    The drums should preferably be stored on their sides withbungs at 3 oclock and9 oclock and wooden dunnage or runners should be used tokeep them clear of the ground and to prevent rusting of theundersides. They should never be stacked directly on a surfacecontaining clinker, which is particularly corrosive to metal.The drums at each end of a stack must be securely wedged toprevent movement. Regular inspection should be carried outwith a view to the detection of leaks and to make sure that

    identification markings remain clear and legible.

    If, for any reason, drums have to be stored on their ends, theyshould be raised off the ground and stored upside down (i.e.with the bungs at the bottom). Failing this, they should betilted so that rain water cannot collect round and submergethe bungs. Water contamination is undesirable, whatever thegrade of lubricant, and it is not always realised that moisturecan enter a drum through what appears to be a perfectlysound bung.

    A drum standing in the open is subjected to the heat of theday and, of course, cools down again at night. This results inexpansion and contraction of the contents with the effect thatthe air in the space above the oil level is subjected, duringthe day, to slightly higher than atmospheric pressure and,

    at night, to slight vacuum. These changes in pressure maybe sufficiently great to cause a pumping action, known asbreathing, in which air is forced out the drum during the dayand drawn into it at night. If, therefore, the bungs throughwhich this breathing takes place are surrounded by water,some of this water may be sucked into the drum and, in thecourse of time, quite considerable quantities may accumulate.

    Once the seals have been broken and packages have beenopened, there is always a danger that, unless the packagesare kept properly closed when not in use, impurities such asdust, sand and fibre may enter them. Such contaminants,eventually finding their way into machinery, can causedamage or abrasion or, by blocking oilways, can result in acomplete breakdown due to lack of lubrication.

    An oil drum, or other package, should never be openedby cutting a large hole in it or by completely removing oneend, since, even if the hole is kept covered by, for example,a wooden or metal lid, the chances of contamination aregreatly increased. Similarly, it is a bad practice to dip an opencontainer into the oil since, not only does this allow dust toenter, but the outside of the dipper itself may be dirty. Drumsof oil should, therefore, be placed on their sides on woodencradles of convenient height and the oil dispensed by meansof a tap under which a drip tray is placed. Alternatively, adrum may be stood on its end and the oil withdrawn bymeans of a hand pump, the pump intake being inserted intothe large bung-hole.

    When oil is stored in bulk it is probable that water orcondensation will accumulate and fine dust find its way intothe tanks with the result that, eventually, a layer of sludge-likematerial builds up at the bottom of the tanks and leads, intime, to contamination of the oil. Consequently, it is advisableto have storage tanks fitted with dished or sloping bottoms

    provided with drain cocks, which will enable dregs to bedrawn off periodically. Where practicable, bulk storage tanksshould periodically be cleaned out.

    Insofar as greases are concerned, the drums must, of necessity,have a large opening and, to avoid as far as possible theentry of dirt and water, it is important that the lid or covershould always be replaced firmly and securely as soon asrequirements have been taken.

    Extremes of temperature are not good for lubricants. Theyshould not be stored in any unduly warm place; equally, itis not wise to leave them for long periods in conditions ofextreme cold.

    Handling LubricantsThe benefits of good, clean storage can be largely nullified ifa lubricant becomes contaminated in transit from the store tothe machines. The containers used for transporting lubricantson a site and for the storage of small working quantities mustbe kept clean and should be provided with lids to prevent theentry of dust and dirt. They should be washed periodically withgasoline, care being taken to mop and dry them before usingthem again.

    Similarly, funnels and other pieces of apparatus must alwaysbe kept scrupulously clean, rags and wipers being used forthis purpose. Cotton waste or woollen rags should not beused as they tend to leave behind fibres which will eventuallyfind their way into machinery and impair the flow of oil.

    It is advisable to have separate, clearly marked containers ofeach grade of oil or grease so the contamination of one withanother does not take place.

    Used and dirty oil should be put into special containers andstored in separate, clearly labelled receptacles unit disposedof. Every precaution must be taken to see that used lubricantsare not allowed to contaminate fresh oils and greases.

    In general, cleanliness precautions are even more importantwith grease than with oil. There is always the chance thatimpurities in oil may sink to the bottom of the tank or containerout of harms way; with grease this cannot happen and anygrit or other contaminant which gets into the grease is bound

    to find its way into lubricators and machinery sooner or later.

    Grease is more susceptible than oil to the effects oftemperature and temperature cyclings. High temperature orprolonged exposure to even moderately high temperatures(e.g., tropical sunshine) may cause oil to separate out with theresult that the grease loses some of its lubricating properties.Petrolatum (petroleum jelly) and certain types of grease canbe made liquid by heating and, on cooling, will regain theirformer condition; but these are exceptions and most greaseswill be ruined if treated in this way. Never, therefore, heat agrease to make it fluid.

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    GENERAL INFORMATION

    The lubrication of machinery should be supervised by aresponsible person and should be made a routine procedure.For instance, when a machine requires oil-can applicationsdaily, it should become routine to do this job each morningbefore commencing to use the machine. Where greaselubrication is called for weekly, this should be done, for

    instance, first thing Monday morning or last thing beforeshutting down for the weekend.

    Each operator should know which grades of lubricant arerecommended for the equipment in his/her charge andsupplies of the correct lubricants and the handling equipmentshould be readily available to him.

    As lubricants are dispensed, the quantities should bemeasured and a record maintained. Store room recordsshould show the quantities issued and the records should bekept for each machine or unit. By this means, regular checkscan be made on consumptions and any marked changesnoted. These should be investigated at once.

    Increased consumption is quite often the first sign that amachine is in need of repair, or that its lubricating systemrequires adjustments; on the other hand, it may mean over-lubrication by the operator.

    Personal HygieneShell lubricants are quite safe to use provided ordinary care istaken to minimise skin contamination and to avoid breathingoil mist or vapours.

    However, prolonged improper use can cause dermatitis orother skin conditions or even, where heavy contaminationoccurs over many years, skin cancer.

    Those at risk are people who use oils every day over periodsof months or years, not those who work with oils only veryoccasionally. The risks can be avoidedby carrying out thefollowing simple health precautions.

    For advice contact a Poisons Information Centre(Phone: Australia 13 11 26, New Zealand 0800 764 766) or a Doctor (at once).

    Special oils and compoundsThe types of oil which have been associated overseas with skindisorders appear to be those which have been lightly refinedand which contain relatively more polynuclear aromaticcompounds. Oils of this type are used in rubber processing.Particular care should be taken in these cases.

    When working regularly with mineral oils follow thesesimple rules:

    1.REDUCE skin contamination by mineral oils to the minimumand avoid breathing their mists or vapours.

    2. PROTECT the skin by using suitable clothing and barriercreams.

    3.CLEAN the skin thoroughly if contaminated with oil.4.CARE for the skin properly.5.WEAR clean intact clothes.

    Avoiding contact with mineral oilsContact with mineral oils should be kept to a minimum byusing effective splash guards and correct work methods.Good maintenance should be practised so as to avoidoil-soaked floors or benches.

    Where cutting oils are used, these should be changed atregular intervals to minimise contamination with abrasivemetal particles or bacteria. To keep circulating oil as freeas possible of abrasive particles, filter and sumps should beregularly inspected and cleaned out.

    Minimise mist and vapour generation. If this cannot bedone, use proper ventilation to keep the breathing zoneconcentration of oil mist below the recommended maximumconcentration in air of 5mg per cubic metre of air.

    Personal protectionTo minimise skin contamination by oils, wear protective glovesand aprons and suitable outer overalls. Where soluble oilconcentrates are used, wear goggles or face visors.

    Protective clothing should be cleaned at regular intervals toremove oil. It is most importantto avoid wearing oil-soakedclothing, and hands should be cleaned with disposable wipeswhich should not be kept in overall or trouser pockets after use.

    Gloves can become contaminated on the inside and whenworn again they bring the skin into close and repeated contactwith oil. A system of regular and frequent changing andcleaning of all protective clothing is the best safeguard.

    Where contamination with mineral oils occurs regularly at work,for example when using soluble cutting oils with high-speedmachinery, it is necessary to give more rigorous attention toadequate laundering and regular changes of clothing andunderclothing. To avoid soiling of clean clothing, contaminatedclothing should be stored separately from street clothing.

    Cleansing the skinOil should not be left on the skin for any prolonged period oftime, particularly if mineral oils are used every day at work.Skin contaminated with oil should be cleaned with mild soapor suitable hand cleansers at regular intervals, and particularlyat the end of a working day.

    Strong soaps and detergents, and abrasive skin cleansersshould be avoided as these themselves can cause skinirritation.

    Solvents such as petrol, kerosene, trichloroethane and similarfluidsshould not be used for cleaning oil off the skin.

    Barrier and restorative creamsThe natural oils in the skin which form a protective barrierare often removed by the regular washing needed in industry.The natural protective barrier can be replaced to a certainextent by using a good barrier cream before work and a goodhydrophilic skin cream containing lanoline or vegetable oilsafter finally washing the hands at the end of the work period.

    Care of the skinWhere any sign of irritation or rash appears on the skin,medical attention should be sought at the earliest opportunity.