Shannon Judd

Environmental Education Outreach Coordinator

Fond du Lac Band of Lake Superior Chippewa

Incorporating Performance-Based Solid Waste Management and Triple Bottom Line Analysis to Improve Your Solid Waste Program

IntroductionsDigestion ExerciseIntroduction to Performance Based Solid Waste ManagementFond du Lac Case StudyIntroduction to Triple Bottom Line AnalysisGroup ExerciseIndividual Project Exercise

Training Agenda

Digestion Exercise

Ways We Are Un-Sustainable

w w w . s u s t a i n a b l e t w i n p o r t s . o r g

we dig stuff (ie: heavy metals, fossil fuels, etc.) out of the Earth and allow it to build up faster than nature can cope with itwe create man-made compounds and chemicals (ie: pesticides & fire retardants in carpets, etc.) and allow them to build up faster than nature can cope with themwe continuously damage natural systems and the free services they provide (including climate regulation and water filtration) by physical means (ie: overharvesting & paving wetlands) and . . .we live in and create societies in which many people cannot meet their basic needs (ie: to find affordable housing)

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A quick way to remember:1 - Dig2 - Create3 - Damage4 –Impede

How We Influence Natural Cycles

w w w . s u s t a i n a b l e t w i n p o r t s . o r g

Human impact can be grouped into 3 scientificcategories and 1 societal category

Relatively large flows of materials from the Earth’s crust

Introduce persistent compounds foreign to nature

Physically inhibit nature’s ability to run cycles

Barriers to people meeting

their basic needs

worldwide

Think about solid waste programs…what are positive and negative impacts relating to these principles?

we dig stuff (ie: heavy metals, fossil fuels, etc.) out of the Earth and allow it to build up faster than nature can cope with it

we create man-made compounds and chemicals (ie: pesticides & fire retardants in carpets, etc.) and allow them to build up faster than nature can cope with them

we continuously damage natural systems and the free services they provide (including climate regulation and water filtration) by physical means (ie: overharvesting & paving wetlands)

and . . .we live in and create societies in which many people cannot meet their basic needs (ie: to find affordable housing)

What is Performance-Based Solid Waste Management??

Designing your solid waste contracts to facilitate waste reduction, increased recycling, and resource conservation

Also referred to as Performance-Based Resource Management

Aspects of a Performance Based Solid Waste Management Program

Compensation Cap on Solid Waste Services:

Establish the maximum amount organization will pay per month or year for ‘garbage’ services.

Decrease the cap over time.

Revenue-Sharing on Recycling Profits

A percentage of any profits on recycling revenue are given to the hauler.

Percentage increases as recycling rate increases.

Recycling Revenue Sharing Example

Source: http://www.doi.gov/greening/waste/information/upload/Example_Perf_Based_SW_Mgt_Contract.pdf

% of Waste Gross Revenue from Recycling Recycled/Composted Government Contractor

1% -19% 90% 10% 20% - 39% 70% 30% 40% - 49% 50% 50% 50% & above 0% 100%

Example #1 – 100 tons of solid waste collected of which 90 tons goes to landfill 10 tons recycled and contractor is paid $55/ton or $550.00 from recycling facility The Government would receive 90% of the $550.00 which equals $495.00 and the Contractor would receive 10% which equals $55.00. The Government share, $495.00, would be provided as a check made payable to xxx, with the monthly invoice and mailed to [address]. The Governments share of the recycling proceeds will go into [Proceeds Recipient].

Aspects of a Performance Based Solid Waste Management Program Continued

Source: http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/smm/wastewise/wrr/rm.htm

Fond du Lac Solid Waste Management Consolidation Using Aspects of a Performance-Based System

Fond du Lac ReservationJust over 100,000 acres –

approximately 33,000 are Reservation owned (Trust, Fee, MCT)

Nearly evenly split between two counties: St. Louis and Carlton

1125 band members 1492 other tribal members

Fond du Lac ReservationApproximately

25 program and enterprise facilities; 200 rental homes and 200 non-rentals

What is “Solid Waste Management Consolidation?

What are the benefits of consolidating your solid waste management program?

Steps to consolidating your programConsiderationsDecision-making and Triple Bottom Line

Analysis

Solid Waste Management Consolidation

Purchasing power allows you to procure lower prices AND improved services

Solid waste and recycling data can be more easily tracked and measured; beneficial for future planning and decision-making

Consistent services throughout all facilities and households

What are the Benefits of Consolidating your Solid Waste Management Services?

1. Compile data and information on all locations

2. Optional: Get estimates from haulers3. Initiate the formal Request for Proposals

process4. Analyze proposals and provide

recommendation to the Tribal Council5. Notify bidders and begin contract process

with legal and winning bidder6. Communicate, Communicate, Communicate!

Steps to Consolidating your Solid Waste Management Program

Step 1: Compile Data and Information on all Locations

AddressesContact informationCurrent volume, if

knownSize of containersFrequency of service Existing contracts

Step 2: Get Estimates from Haulers

If consolidating services for the first time, consider obtaining quotes to ensure consolidating is cost-effective while meeting your program goals.

Step 3: Initiate Request for Proposals Process Work with your legal and procurement

offices to ensure proper procedure is followed

Review any previous RFPs your tribe has issued in the past for solid waste and recycling services

Write proposal so that either:1) You present your goals and they propose a

program to help you achieve those goals.2) You specify exactly what you want and they

provide the price bid.

Request for ProposalsPerformance-Based

Services for Solid Waste and Recyclinghttp://www.mass.gov/

dep/recycle/reduce/rmrfp.pdf

Shannon Judd: shannonjudd@fdlrez.com

Great resource for RFP and Contracting for Solid Waste and Recycling Services: http://www.epa.gov/smm/web-academy/2012/pdfs/smm512_ennis.pdf

Aspects of a Performance Based Solid Waste Management Program

Source: http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/smm/wastewise/wrr/rm.htm

Services we required include:Semi-annual consolidated reports containing

information on solid waste and recycling tonnage, number of hauls, and cost for each facility and curbside pickup

After six months, hauler must analyze current service levels and provide recommendations to improve efficiency

Hauler will work directly with site managers to reduce waste and increase recycling

Request for Proposals

Request for Proposals Provide detailed units on

the service rate frequency you require for bid proposals to allow for easy cost comparison.

Choose pricing units that provide an incentive for waste reductionand allow for better tracking of waste.

Reserve the right to refuse all bids!

Service Type Service Rate Frequency

   

Compactor/Temporary Roll-off - MSW

Haul + Rate Per/Ton

Temporary Roll off - C&DHaul + Rate Per/Ton

Municipal Solid Waste - Dumpster Per Yard/Lift

Cardboard - Baled Per Ton

Cardboard - Dumpster Per Ton

Recycling Dumpster/Compactor Per Yard/Lift

Recycling Container - Cart Per Yard/Lift

Residential Services-MSW Per Month

Residential Services - Recycling Per Month

Request for ProposalsProvide a table listing all facilities to be

included in the contract, addresses, current service levels and tonnage (if known). Have bidder fill out table with estimated monthly costs based on their bidded cost and any additional fees.

Be sure to specify that ALL fees need to be stated separately and not included in hauling/tonnage costs.

Weigh each bidder based on how they meet requirements and other considerations

Request for ProposalsSpecify timeline: bid submittal deadline,

notification deadline, estimated start date of service

All questions regarding the RFP should be submitted in writing either via email or regular mail

Notify current haulers that you are requesting bids for solid waste and recycling services

Decide internally if any price negotiating is allowable once bids are received

Considerations Best price is not everything-how

much more are you willing to pay to have your goals met ?

What type of recycling program best meets your needs: comingled/single stream, sorted, etc. Will they pay you for your recycling?

What are the facility managers’ satisfaction levels with their current hauler?

What type of reporting would you like from your hauler and do they have the capacity to meet your needs?

What kind of services do the haulers offer? Additional recycling options? Organics recycling?

The cost difference was significantMany facilities weren’t happy with the local

hauler and had already started looking for alternative haulers when we started this process

The winning bidder has single stream recycling; we felt that would help increase recycling rates – they also accept plastics 1-7; current hauler only 1&2

Additional recycling streams can be added to our program

Our decision process

Contract DevelopmentWork closely with your legal department on

this processAllow 2-3 months for contract developmentBe specific on the services you are

requesting and any acceptable/unacceptable cost increases, hours of service, safety requirements

Results So far…Significant increase

in recycling at homes with curbside pickup

One facility not previously recycling has now started

Increased awareness overall of garbage generated and recycling

EPA Wastes/WasteWise Program Website: http://www.epa.gov/osw/conserve/smm/wastewise/wrr/rm.htm

Sample Template for RFP: http://www.mass.gov/dep/recycle/reduce/rmrfp.pdf

Department of Interior Example: http://www.doi.gov/greening/waste/information/upload/Example_Perf_Based_SW_Mgt_Contract.pdf

Resources for Performance Based Solid Waste and Recycling

Triple Bottom Line analysisEconomic Analysis

Environmental Analysis

Social Impacts Analysis

Economic AnalysisWhat are the cost

benefits of consolidating?

What is the cost difference between different bidders?

Environmental AnalysisWhich company offers

services that will help your program reduce impacts to the environment?

What impacts do the company’s operations have on the environment (i.e. GHG emissions from older vehicles vs. new)?

Does the company take any steps to improve the environment, either as part of their operations or as extra projects?

Is the company local or national?

What other contributions have they made in the community?

What is their economic impact on the community? Employment levels?

What are their employee benefits?

Do they have a safety plan in place?

Any others?

Social Impacts Analysis

Scenarios

Group Activity – Provide a triple bottom line analysis for the given scenario

Individual Activity – Choose a solid waste project you are working on or would like to do and analyze using the triple bottom line method.