SFU Confined Space Program · 5.3 Training Certificate ... The general hazards associated with...

Simon Fraser University Confined Space Program

Last Updated: December 6, 2018

SI M O N F RA SE R U N I V ERSI T YE N V I R O N M E N T A L H E A L T H & S A F E T Y

Table of Contents

1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 2 2.0 Responsibilities ............................................................................................................. 2 3.0 Confined Space Hazards............................................................................................... 4 4.0 Identification of Confined Spaces .................................................................................. 5

4.1 Labelling .................................................................................................................... 6 4.2 Equipment .................................................................................................................. 6

5.0 Training ......................................................................................................................... 6 5.1 Employee Instruction and Training ............................................................................ 6 5.2 Supervisor/Lead Hand Training ................................................................................. 7 5.3 Training Certificate ..................................................................................................... 7 5.4 Training Frequency .................................................................................................... 7

6.0 Contractors .................................................................................................................... 7 7.0 Confined Space Hazard Assessment and Permit Requirements .................................. 8

7.1 Hazard Assessment ................................................................................................... 8 7.2 Entry Permits ............................................................................................................. 8

8.0 Confined Space Entry Requirements ............................................................................ 9 8.1 Testing the Atmosphere ............................................................................................. 9 8.2 Cleaning, Purging and Venting ................................................................................ 10 8.3 Ventilation ................................................................................................................ 11 8.4 Fire Safety ............................................................................................................... 13 8.5 Barricading or Posting the Area ............................................................................... 13 8.6 Lock-out and Isolation .............................................................................................. 13 8.7 Stand-by Persons .................................................................................................... 14 8.8 Emergency Rescue ................................................................................................. 14

Appendices Appendix A – Definitions Appendix B - Confined Space Survey Form Appendix C – Confined Space Hazard Assessment Form Appendix D – Confined Space Entry Permit Form Appendix E – Confined Space Monitor Calibration & Span Test Form Appendix F – Confined Space Entry Log Appendix G – Inventory of Confined Spaces at SFU Appendix H – Specific Confined Space Entry Procedures

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1.0 Introduction Simon Fraser University has developed a Confined Space Program in accordance with the requirements set out by WorkSafe BC in Part 9 of the Occupational Health and Safety Regulation. This plan addresses the following:

1. Responsibilities of the Environmental Health and Safety Department, Facilities Services, Supervisors and Employees

2. Definition and description of hazards encountered in confined spaces 3. Identification and labelling of confined spaces. 4. Training requirements for employees and supervisors. 5. Hazard assessments of the confined spaces on campus. 6. Confined space permit requirements. 7. Confined space entry procedures. 8. Oversight of contractors entering confined spaces on campus. 9. A provision for emergency rescue.

2.0 Responsibilities

Environmental Health & Safety (EHS) The Environmental Health and Safety Department (EHS) is responsible for the following:

Administer the overall Confined Space Program. Review and update the Confined Space Program Manual on a regular basis. Together with the Supervisors, evaluate all confined spaces to ensure that all

hazards are controlled. Arrange regular training for supervisors and employees in confined space entry. Inform and advise contractors of their responsibilities, SFU’s Confined Space

Program and associated hazards when entering confined spaces on campus Inform contractors of coordinated procedures when more than one contractor is

involved. Supervisors Supervisors, including Foreman and Lead Hands are responsible for the following:

In consultation with EHS, evaluate the confined space to ensure that all hazards are controlled.

Conduct pre-entry testing & inspection based on written procedures. Complete the entry log or permit documentation as required. Make the appropriate safety equipment available to the employees and ensure that

this equipment is used during the confined space entry procedures. Ensure that only authorized workers, adequately instructed and trained in confined

space hazards and its entry procedures, enter the space. Verify the number of employees permitted to enter.

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Ensure that workers follow confined space entry and safe work procedures and precautions.

Employees Employees entering confined spaces are responsible for the following:

Follow the confined space entry procedures and the related safe work procedures. Participate in confined space training as directed by their supervisor.

No employee shall enter a confined space without the expressed permission of their Supervisor.

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3.0 Confined Space Hazards A confined space is defined as an area that: Is enclosed or partially enclosed, Is not designed or intended for continuous human occupancy, Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit that may complicate the provision of

first aid, evacuation, rescue or other emergency response service, and Is large enough and so configured that a worker could enter to perform assigned

work. For purposes of determining a confined space on campus the following conditions will apply: Existing ventilation is insufficient to remove dangerous air contamination and/or

oxygen deficiency which may exist or develop; Ready access or exit for the removal of a suddenly disabled employee is difficult due

to the location and/or size of the access opening(s). Confined space hazards may vary depending on the space. The following are some of the hazards employees may encounter when entering a confined space:

Oxygen deficiency May occur as a result of welding, cutting, brazing, chemical reactions (rusting), bacterial action (fermentation) or oxygen displacement by another gas. Oxygen deficiency can cause a slow pulse rate, shortness of breath and dizziness, possibly death by asphyxiation.

Oxygen enrichment May provide a feeling of giddiness and may become an explosion or fire hazard.

Fires or explosions May result from arcs, sparking tools. Lights, welding or cutting and static electricity. Explosions may occur in very dusty atmospheres of grain, metal filings or textiles where a combustible gas meter may not indicate flammable limits.

Toxic gases, vapours, dusts or fume

May result from welding, cutting, diesel, oils, etc, and can cause chemical asphyxiation, simple asphyxiation and/or irritation to the respiratory system, skin and eyes.

Access/egress May be hazardous if openings are small or narrow, or equipment is blocking the path between the work area and the opening.

Contents of pipes and supply lines

Can create dangerous conditions if permitted to enter into a confined space.

Electrical shock May occur due to defective extension cords, welding cables, etc.

Unexpected movement of mechanical equipment

May cause injury from moving gears, levers, etc. if used for leverage or standing on.

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Poor visibility Dangerous conditions may be created when lighting is low, during spray painting, sandblasting, etc.

Noise Levels inside a vessel are intensified by reverberation, which may create noise hazards beyond acceptable levels. Communication may become difficult between the standby person and the inside worker(s).

Residual chemicals Can be hazardous to workers by inhalation or skin contact.

WorkSafe BC has determined that the following spaces are not considered confined spaces on the condition that there is no potential for an atmospheric hazard to develop nor a risk of entrapment or engulfment in the space:

Swimming pools Crawl spaces under school portables or other non-industrial buildings, with

openings to atmosphere allowing for continuous passive ventilation Excavations Attic spaces with openings to atmosphere allowing for continuous passive

ventilation Open, unconnected manholes for storm or sewer hookups at new construction sites Elevator shafts HVAC plenums and related ventilation ductwork Underwater spaces during occupational diving operations. (Note this exception

does not apply to a space that contains an atmosphere, even if access to the space is by an underwater route)

4.0 Identification of Confined Spaces The University has adopted a proactive approach to identify and categorize all confined spaces on SFU Campuses. Confined space categories include:

• Crawl spaces Storage Tanks • Ceiling spaces Pressure Vessels • HVAC units Vaults • Ventilation ducting and plenums Service Tunnels • Manholes Boilers • Sumps Cooling Towers • Chillers Pipe chases • Generators Floor hatches • Pits

An inventory of all confined spaces on the Burnaby campus has been prepared and is provided in Appendix G. A Confined Space Survey Form is provided in Appendix B and should be used to identify any new confined spaces on campus.

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4.1 Labelling All identified confined spaces on campus will be labelled, with the exception of man holes. Each label will include a unique number which facilitates the tracking of the spaces in TMA. All manholes are considered confined spaces but will not be labeled.

4.2 Equipment Each Department has its own confined space equipment and storage areas. The supervisor must be contacted regarding the administration or sign-out of this equipment. Confined space work devices or related equipment on campus include: Atmospheric monitors ▪ Harnesses Lifelines ▪ Ladders Rescue equipment ▪ Traffic control equipment Scaffolds ▪ Portable blowers and flex ducts Barricades ▪ Portable radios Respiratory protection

Facilities Services is responsible for the regular maintenance and calibration of this equipment and will maintain all relevant records.

5.0 Training Staff or contractors who are required to enter confined spaces on campus must be adequately instructed and trained. The training will include recognition of confined spaces, confined space entry techniques, safe work practices/procedures, emergency and rescue procedures.

5.1 Employee Instruction and Training Employees who are required to work in a confined space or to support those employees working in a confined space, must receive training that includes the following: The general hazards associated with working in confined spaces. The specific hazards for a confined space to be entered, based on written

procedures. The signs and symptoms of exposure to a hazard and the consequences of

exposure. How communications will be maintained between the standby person and the

workers inside the confined space. Cleaning and purging. Atmospheric testing. Emergency entry and evacuation procedures. Use of respirators and other personal protective equipment.

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Lockout and isolation procedures. Use of safety equipment. Rescue procedures and use of rescue equipment. Permit system procedures. Work practices required under the permit.

5.2 Supervisor Training The individual in charge of authorizing the entry shall have additional training on how to evaluate the confined space and to ensure that procedures include adequate safety precautions. This individual needs to be trained in all aspects of the entry program and in the use of the testing and monitoring equipment. This additional training will be arranged by Facilities Services, including arrangements with equipment manufacturer’s training programs, if applicable.

5.3 Training Certificate Employees will be provided with a training certificate that lists the name of the employee trained, the name and signature of the trainer(s) and the date of the training. Records of training will be maintained by EHS.

5.4 Training Frequency SFU personnel involved with confined space entry procedures shall be trained at the following frequencies: Before the employee is first assigned duties involving confined space entry. Whenever there is a change in permit space operations that present a hazard in

which an employee has not previously been trained. Whenever deficiencies are detected in the program and/or in employee performance

relating to the safety of the confined space entry procedures. Refresher training on a regular basis.

6.0 Contractors Before any confined space work is undertaken, the contractor must, in advance, submit a copy of their confined space entry procedures and risk assessment involving the work to be completed at SFU, to EHS and the SFU Project Manager for acceptance and approval. Contractors must be trained in confined space entry procedures by their employer as required by WorkSafe BC. An SFU Contractor Safety Orientation must be completed by all contractors who are involved with confined space work activities on campus, before confined space work can be carried out. Copies of completed Confined Space Entry Permits must be submitted to EHS and SFU Project Manager by the end of each work shift.

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7.0 Confined Space Hazard Assessment and Permit Requirements

7.1 Hazard Assessment A consultant with expertise in confined spaces was hired by SFU to conduct a hazard assessment of the confined spaces on campus. The consultant inspected the spaces from the outside, determined the size and shape of the space, the potential hazards associated with the space and the potential risks associated with entering the space. Spaces were grouped according to type of space, access and hazards. A confined space hazard assessment report was prepared for each space or group of spaces, in addition to specific entry procedures. Based on the hazard assessment, each space or group of spaces was rated as a low-, moderate-, or high-hazard atmosphere space.

• A "high hazard atmosphere" means an atmosphere that may expose a worker to risk of death, incapacitation, injury, acute illness or otherwise impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from a confined space, in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator.

• A "moderate hazard atmosphere" means an atmosphere that is not clean respirable air but is not likely to impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from a confined space, in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator.

• A "low hazard atmosphere" means an atmosphere which is shown by pre-entry testing or otherwise known to contain clean respirable air immediately prior to entry to a confined space and which is not likely to change during the work activity, as determined by a qualified person after consideration of the design, construction and use of the confined space, the work activities to be performed, and all engineering controls.

It is important to note that the assessments only identified the hazards associated with visual inspections, hazards associated with other work operations have NOT been listed (e.g., welding, painting, use of solvents & biocides). Prior to entry into a confined space, a separate risk assessment must be conducted for each separate work activity by a qualified person (e.g. Certified Industrial Hygienist, Canadian Registered Safety Professional, etc).

7.2 Entry Permits A permit-required confined space is defined as an area that:

1. Contains a high hazard atmosphere. A high hazard atmosphere is one which may expose a worker to risk of death, incapacitation, injury, acute illness or otherwise impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from a confined space, in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator.

2. Requires lock-out or isolation procedures, or 3. Has a hazard of entrapment or engulfment.

Entry permits are required at SFU for spaces identified and potentially considered as a confined space.

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An entry permit is also required if an activity was performed in any confined space that could introduce a hazardous atmosphere or condition, such as painting, welding, solvent or biocide use. If hot work is carried out in a confined space, a Confined Space Permit and a Hot Work Permit are required. A Confined Space Entry Permit form (see Appendix D) must be prepared and signed by the supervisor and EHS before workers are allowed to enter a confined space. All provisions of the permit must be strictly adhered to. The permit must be posted at the entry to the confined space.

8.0 Confined Space Entry Requirements Specific entry procedures must be developed and implemented in each confined space area. The procedures must be reference back to the risk assessment and completed by a qualified person.

8.1 Testing the Atmosphere If the hazard assessment identifies a potentially hazardous atmosphere, atmospheric testing of the confined space must be conducted prior to entry to determine oxygen content, toxic gas potential and flammable or explosive atmospheres. Entry into a confined space is prohibited until initial testing of the atmosphere has been conducted from outside the space. The following procedures must be followed:

1) Ensure the testing equipment is in proper working order and recently calibrated prior to use, all gas monitors must be span tested prior to use. If it is faulty return it to your supervisor and obtain a replacement. All confined spaces must be tested for the following:

• Oxygen, levels should be between 19.5% and 23% • Combustible gases must be less than 10% of the Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) • Hydrogen Sulfide, must be less than 10 parts per million (ppm) • Carbon Monoxide, must be less the 25 ppm

2) If possible, initial testing of the atmosphere of a confined space should be performed before

opening the access hatch or manhole cover, to identify any contaminants originating outside of the space.

3) Open the access cover and lower the tester (or probe) slowly into the confined space to

confirm safe conditions before entry. The space should be checked at the top, middle and bottom, for toxic gases or vapors.

4) If the gas detector readings are not exactly the same as the initial readings recorded on the

Hazard Assessment Form, the confined space cannot be entered.

5) Record all test information on the Confined Space Entry Log.

6) Personal gas detection equipment must be worn continuously, while the worker is in the confined space, if a hazardous atmosphere was present or may develop.

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7) Testing must be repeated, upon return, following rest breaks or any time the space has been vacated for more than 20 minutes.

All testing must be performed by a qualified individual and recorded on the Confined Space Entry Log form (Appendix F). Testing must be performed using calibrated test instruments appropriate for the atmosphere being tested. The manufacturer’s instructions will specify the calibration requirements, including calibration frequency and the procedure for conducting bump tests. The Confined Space Entry Log Form must have the following documentation attached and available at each confined space entry location: The applicable confined space hazard assessment. The specific confined space entry procedure. The rescue procedure. The entry permit (if required).

8.2 Cleaning, Purging and Venting Prior to the entry of workers, a confined space must contain clean respirable air. Clean respirable air is defined in terms of having sufficient oxygen, no flammable substances, and an acceptable level of air contaminants. I. Cleaning The following cleaning procedures must be followed: Cleaning should always be done prior to entry and whenever practicable from

outside the confined space. Standing water or other liquids should be removed prior to entry. All ignition sources should be controlled. Internal combustion engines that power equipment should be kept at a safe distance

away from flammable residues. Ventilation should be provided to control air contaminants.

Additional precautions must be taken if steam-cleaning is being performed: Ensure the steam equipment is grounded. Provide adequate outlets to relieve the pressure. Let the space cool prior to worker entry.

Steam should not be used on residues with autoignition temperatures less than 20% above the steam temperature. II. Purging & Venting If the pre-entry testing identifies that a hazardous atmosphere exists or is likely to exist, the confined space must be ventilated, purged or both before a worker enters the space. Purging involves the removal of unsafe air from the confined space and replacing it with clean respirable air prior to entry. Venting involves opening up a confined space to allow clean air to enter and circulate without the use of mechanical ventilation. The following purging and ventilation procedures should be followed:

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Ventilation and purging must be completed not more than 20 minutes before a worker enters the space. When all workers have vacated the space for more than 20 minutes, pre-entry testing must be repeated.

When purging a flammable gas or vapour, all external sources of ignition and static charge must be controlled.

Ensure that the contaminant or the purge gas does not contaminate the work areas outside the confined space.

Displace the purged gas with air, not oxygen, prior to worker entry. Test the atmosphere in the confined space prior to work entry.

If ventilation or purging is not practical or effective in eliminating a hazardous atmosphere inside a confined space, worker entry is not permitted.

8.3 Ventilation Every confined space must be ventilated continuously at a minimum of 85 m3/hr (50 cubic feet per minute), while a worker is inside the space. Natural or mechanical ventilation can be used. The atmosphere must be continuously monitored while workers are inside the confined space. Results of testing must be recorded and maintained on site. The record must show the date and time of the test, the initials of the tester and the levels or conditions found. If natural ventilation is used, the rate of airflow must be monitored and sufficient to maintain contaminant concentrations below the applicable exposure limits. Natural ventilation must never be used to ventilate a space with a high hazard atmosphere. Blower-type ventilation units are significantly more effective than exhaust units, except where the concentration of contaminants in the space is high. The blower(s) must be able to provide approximately 20 air changes per hour and must be explosion proof if it is placed inside the confined space. The procedure for the mechanical ventilation of a confined space with a single entrance is as follows:

1. A hose should be connected to the blower and lowered (or placed) into the confined space, as far as possible from the entrance.

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2. Position the blower hose so it is free from kinks and with as few bends as

possible. Bond and ground the hose to prevent the generation of static electricity. 3. Ensure that the blower is positioned so that it is clear of other sources of

pollutants (e.g., vehicle exhaust). When ventilating exterior manholes or sumps, the blower must be placed upwind of the entrance when used to force air into the space.

4. Prior to placing the hose into a confined space, purge the hose by directing the flow of air away from the entrance to the space.

5. Ventilation by blowing air into the confined space to remove any contaminants. The hose must be positioned so that forced air output is down into the space.

6. Ensure that the space is purged for a minimum of 20 minutes prior to entry.

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7. In the event of a failure of the ventilation system, the worker(s) in the confined space must evacuate immediately. Full entry procedures must be used after a failure of the ventilation system prior to re-entry.

If more than one entrance is available for ventilation, a hose may not be required depending on the configuration of the openings into the confined space.

8.4 Fire

Safety The following precautions must be observed in order to control fire or explosion hazards in a confined space: Remove all flammable material from the vicinity of the confined space. Clean out any flammable residues prior to work in the space. Never use oxygen to ventilate a confined space. Limit the use of flammable materials inside the space. The atmosphere must be maintained below 10% of the LEL. All compressed gas cylinders must be kept outside of the confined space. Welding or cutting hoses should be checked for leaks, before use.

8.5 Barricading or Posting the Area The area immediately surrounding a location where work will be conducted in a confined space must be isolated using either barrier tape labeled CAUTION or wooden barricades. Signage must be posted, warning other employees of confined space work in the area. Work activities that may interfere with the confined space work must be rescheduled. A traffic control person should be assigned to re-direct traffic where traffic or pedestrians may interfere with confined space work (e.g., manholes).

8.6 Lock-out and Isolation Before a worker enters a confined space, all potentially hazardous energy sources must be locked out. In addition, piping which contains any hazardous substances or a substance at a

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pressure exceeding 100 KPa gauge (15psig), must be isolated. Lock-out points could include:

• electrical switches • circuit breakers • electrical plugs (lock box) • piping carrying hazardous fluids must be disconnected, or blocked by blanks or blinds.

The piping may have to be flushed and drained prior to disconnection. Proper work procedures should be followed. Blanks and blinds must be manufactured in accordance with the ANSI Standards listed in Part 9.20 of the OHSR or certified by a professional engineer.

• low pressure piping, carrying non-hazardous substances (e.g. water) can be controlled with a double block or double block and bleed.

• high pressure fluid or gas lines must be disconnected. The lines must be depressurized, prior to disconnect. Proper work procedures should be followed.

8.7 Stand-by Persons Whenever a worker enters a confined space, another worker(s) must be assigned as a stand-by person. For low hazard spaces, there must be a continuous means of contacting the stand-by person and he/she must check on the well-being of workers inside the space at least every 20 minutes. For moderate hazard spaces, the standby person must be stationed at or near the entrance to the space. The stand-by person must check the well-being of the workers inside the space at least every 20 minutes. The stand-by person must have a means to immediately summon rescue personnel for both low and moderate hazard confined spaces. For high hazard spaces, the stand-by person must be stationed at the entrance to the space and must continuously attend to the standby duties. The stand-by person must continuously monitor the well-being of the workers inside the space. There must be a continuous means of summoning the stand-by person from inside the space. The stand-by person must be equipped and capable of immediately effecting rescue using lifting equipment if required, or otherwise perform the duties of rescue personnel. At SFU, two-way radios will be used as a means of communication unless the standby person is in continuous line-of-site and can clearly understand the worker(s) in the space.

8.8 Emergency Plan Rescue services must be available for all workers entering confined spaces. The supervisor/lead hand must ensure that the proper procedures are implemented and that the appropriate equipment necessary to rescue a worker from a confined space is provided. This includes:

a. Safety harness, life line and lifting equipment needed to enter the permit space. b. Mobile radio, telephone or other effective means for communication between

inside and outside workers. c. First Aid and Emergency Response by notification of Campus Security: 778-782-

4500 and to Emergency Services: 911. An effective means of communication must be in place to summon emergency rescue.

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Prior to starting any work, an Emergency Plan must be developed and implemented.

You must not enter the confined space if a person goes down,

you must call for help.

Appendix A

DEFINITIONS

Clean Respirable Air Atmosphere inside a confined space which is equivalent to clean, outside air and which contains all of the following: Approximately 20.9% oxygen by volume. No measurable flammable gas or vapours determined by a combustible gas

measuring instrument. No air contaminant in concentrations exceeding 10% of the applicable exposure limit

as listed in Part 5 of the OH&S Regulation or an acceptable ambient air quality standard established by an authority having jurisdiction over environmental air standards, whichever is greater.

Confined Space A confined space means an area other than underground working that: Is enclosed or partially enclosed, Is not designed or intended for continuous human occupancy, Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit that may complicate the provision of

first aid, evacuation, rescue or other emergency response service, and Is large enough and so configured that a worker could enter to perform assigned

work. For purposes of determining a confined space on campus the following conditions will apply: Existing ventilation is insufficient to remove dangerous air contamination and/or

oxygen deficiency which may exist or develop; Ready access or exit for the removal of a suddenly disabled employee is difficult due

to the location and/or size of the access opening(s). Entry Permit A written permit obtained from the Environmental Health and Safety Department that defines the conditions under which the confined space may be entered. Flammable atmosphere An atmosphere which contains more than 20% of the lower explosive limit (LEL) of a flammable gas or vapour. Hazardous Atmosphere The following condition(s) may cause a hazardous atmosphere: A flammable gas, vapor, or mist in excess of 10% of its lower flammable limit (LFL). An atmospheric oxygen concentration below 19.5% or above 23.5%. A combustible dust environment. An atmospheric concentration of any substance for which an employee exposure

would exceed the occupational exposure limit (OEL).

Appendix A

Any atmospheric condition recognized as immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH).

High Hazard atmosphere: An atmosphere that may expose a worker to risk of death, incapacitation , injury, acute

illness or otherwise impair the ability of the worker to escape unaided from a confined space, in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator.

Moderate Hazard atmosphere: An atmosphere that is not clean respirable air but is not likely to impair the ability of the

worker to escape unaided from the confined space, in the event of a failure of the ventilation system or respirator.

Low Hazard atmosphere: An atmosphere which is shown by pre-entry testing, or otherwise known to contain clean

respirable air immediately prior to entry into a confined space and is not likely to change during work activity, as determined by a qualified person after consideration of the design, construction and use of the confined space, the work activities to be performed, and all engineering controls as required by the OHSR.

Hot Work An operation that is capable of providing a source of ignition (i.e., welding, cutting, burning, heating, riveting, etc.). Hot Work Permit Written authorization obtained from EHS, to perform an operation that is capable of providing a source of ignition. IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health) A condition which poses an immediate threat of loss of life or may result in irreversible or immediate-severe health effects or other conditions which could impair escape from the confined space. LEL – Lower Explosive Limit The lowest concentration of flammable gas mixed with air that will support combustion by an ignition source. Non-Permit Required Space A confined space that does not contain or, with respect to atmospheric hazards, have the potential to contain, any hazard capable of causing death or serious physical harm. Examples : Vented vaults, motor control cabinets and dropped ceilings. Although they are confined spaces, these spaces have either natural or permanent mechanical ventilation to prevent the accumulation of a hazardous atmosphere and do not present engulfment or other serious hazards. Oxygen deficient atmosphere An atmosphere in which the oxygen content is less than 19.5% by volume in air.

Appendix A

Oxygen enriched atmosphere An atmosphere in which the oxygen content is greater than 23% by volume in air. Permit-Required Space A confined space that has one or more of the following characteristics: Contains or has the potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere; Lock-out or isolation procedures are required to eliminate hazards; Contains a material that has the potential for engulfing an entrant; Has an internal configuration that could trap or asphyxiate an entrant.

PC – Permissible concentration The concentration of a substance below which most workers may be repeatedly exposed day after day without suffering adverse health effects. However, due to individual susceptibility, a small percentage of workers may experience discomfort at levels below the PC. OEL (Occupational Exposure Limits) Airborne chemical exposure limit which can not be exceeded without proper respiratory protection and the implementation of feasible engineering controls. Toxic atmosphere An atmosphere which contains a contaminant at levels above the PC. UEL – Upper Explosive Limit The concentration of a flammable gas in air above which combustion will not occur.

Appendix B

CONFINED SPACE SURVEY FORM Confined Space # Date of Survey Permit Required

YES NO Location of the Confined space: Description of the Space: Configuration of the Space: Can space be entered? YES NO Limited or restricted entry? YES NO Not designed for continuous human occupancy? YES NO Hazardous atmosphere? YES NO Potential for engulfment? YES NO Internal configuration hazard? YES NO Other serious safety hazards? YES NO Possible atmospheric hazards: Possible content hazards? Unusual hazards? Details of work to be done: Who usually enters the space? Frequency of entry:

Number of entry points:

External connections to space: Completed by:

Appendix C

CONFINED SPACE HAZARD ASSESSMENT FORM

Location: Hazard Assessment Conducted By: Confined Space No: Date: Space Size/ Volume: Department:

Supervisor: Typical Entry Purpose: Time Required to Complete Task(s):

Confined Space Description:

Confined Space Classification: Low Moderate High Permit Required: Yes No Atmospheric Monitoring Instrument Information:

Meter Name/ Model: Calibrated/ Bump Test By: Calibration Date: Bump Test Date:

Atmospheric Monitoring Information Inside Space:

Gas Tested O2 % CO PPM H2S PPM LEL %

Instrument Reading

IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS Chemical Hazards: (O2, CO, LEL, H2S, other)

Lighting: Good Fair Poor

Ease of Entry: Good Fair Poor Method of Access:

Moving Parts/ Entrapment Hazards:

Electrical Hazards:

Potential For Heat Stress:

Gas, Liquid or other piping:

Potential Slip & Fall:

Hot Surfaces/ Potential For Burns:

Other Potential Contaminants: Vehicle exhaust Generator exhaust Decaying vegetation Rust/ corrosion Other

Work Activities Inside Space That May Alter Atmosphere

Appendix C

CONTROL MEASURES Air Monitoring of Space:

Isolation of Space:

Barriers to Control Access:

Ventilation of Space:

Communication System:

Entry Attendant Required:

Lockout/ Tagout:

Intrinsically Safe Monitoring Equipment: Post Warning Signs: Spark-Proof Tools: Additional Precautions:

Emergency Retrieval System:

Other:

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Eye & Face Protection: Hand Protection: Safety Glasses: PVC or Rubber Chemical Gloves: Goggles: Heat Resistant Gloves: Face Shield:

Head, Body & Foot Protection: Fall Protection: Chemical Tyvek Coveralls: Retractable Lifeline: Steel-Toed Chemical Boots: Full Body Harness: Hard Hat: Tripod: Steel Toed Shoes:

Respiratory Protection: Hearing Protection: SCBA: Ear Plugs: Half Mask Particle Respirator: Half Mask Chemical Respirator: Other:

CERTIFICATION: All Hazards and Control Measures associated with the space have been identified

Signature (Certifying Person): ________________________________ Date: ____________________

Appendix D

PERMIT FORM FOR CONFINED SPACE ENTRY

This form must be completed for all permit-required confined space entries and must be posted at the site of entry. It is to be completed by EHS. Date:____________________Time issued:______________Time expired:_______________

Location: _________________________________________Space number:_____________

Reason for space entry:_______________________________________________________

Entry authorized by:___________________________________Phone:__________________

SECTION I – PERSONNEL Your signature indicates that you have been trained on the hazards of this space, your duties, and precautions you must take for this confined space entry.

Position Name Signature

SECTION II – ISOLATION OF ENERGY SOURCES

Equipment How isolated Location of isolation Initials

SECTION III – ENTRY REQUIREMENTS Entry Requirement Required Checked PPE Required Checked

Communication equipment

Eye protection (specify type)

Ventilation equipment Respirator (specify type)

GFCI protected electrical Hearing protection

Explosion proof lighting Gloves (type)

Non-sparking tools Boots (type)

Ladders Clothing (type)

Fall protection Hard hat

Barricades Other

Continuous monitoring equipment to be worn During Entry (type)

Comments: Comments:

Appendix D

SECTION IV– ATMOSPHERE TESTING

Testing equipment used Model I.D. Number

I certify that the equipment has been calibrated. _________________________________________________________________________ (Signature of tester) Atmospheric Testing

Initial Check Pre-Entry Periodic Re-Check (reading at least every 20 minutes)

Need? Time:_________ Results/initials



Time:_________ Results/initials

Time:_________ Results/initials

O2 (19.5-23.5%)

Combustibles < 10% LEL

CO H2S < 2 ppm Other (list) Other (list) Other (list)

SECTION V – EMERGECY ACTION In the event of a confined space emergency, call 2-4500 if using a campus phone or 778-782-4500 if using a cell phone. Provide detailed information to the emergency operator letting them know it is a confined space emergency, the nature of the emergency, and the location of the emergency. Note any additional requirements or emergency:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

SECTION VI – PERMIT CANCELLATION Permit cancelled by:_________________________________________Date:_______________________________Time:_______________________

Appendix D

Permit was cancelled because (check one): Work has been completed Permit has expired Emergency (specify)_________________________

Appendix E

CONFINED SPACE MONITOR CALIBRATION & SPAN TEST FORM Employee Name:________________________________________________ Date: _________________________________________________________ Monitor Serial #: ________________________________________________ CYLINDER PART #:______________________________________________ REGULATOR PART #:____________________________________________ Calibration (Page 29-30, steps 4-6 in PhD Lite Reference Manual)

1) Screw the small black calibration adaptor into the front of the instrument over top the sensors.

2) Turn the instrument on.

3) Attach short length of tubing to the calibration adaptor.

4) After the start up mode is finished, “press the mode button 3 times rapidly

within 2 seconds” instrument will go into calibration mode

5) “Press the mode button once, before the 5 second countdown is finished” this will initiate the fresh air zero adjustment to be made on the oxygen sensor, the instrument will whistle when this is complete.

6) “Press the mode button once” before the five second countdown is

complete.

7) The instrument will now indicate to apply multi gas, it will stay in this mode until it senses the multi gas.

8) You MUST attach the regulator to the hose first and then screw the bottle onto

the regulator.

9) The instrument will self calibrate from this point, when completed and if successful, the instrument will whistle and shut down on it’s own.

10) Calibration was completed and successful YES NO

If for any reason the calibration is not successful, the instrument cannot be used, report the malfunction to your supervisor.

Appendix E

SPAN TESTING (Page 25, Part 3.1 in PhD Lite Reference Manual states: “Accuracy of the PhD Lite must be checked with known concentration calibration gas before each day’s use.”) A Span test must be performed following these steps (Summarized from page 25, Part 3.1 Verification of Accuracy): Span Test Date and Time Completed:____________________________________ Cylinder Part#:______________________________________________________ Monitor Serial #:_____________________________________________________ Regulator Part #:_____________________________________________________ i) Attach the calibration adapter and short length of hose. ii) Turn the instrument on, and wait for the start up mode to finish. iii) If the readings differ from what is expected in fresh air (20.9% oxygen) a

“zero” adjustment must be made. (step iv in the calibration steps) iv) Screw the calibration gas bottle on to the adapter and let the gas run across

the sensors for a period of time. v) When the levels stabilize, record the levels on the table listed below.

Gas Measured Measurement Reading

H2S PPM Carbon Monoxide PPM

Oxygen % Propane(equivalent) LEL %

Page 25 Part 3.1 in the PhD Lite Reference Manual States: If the readings are

accurate, that is, if the instrument readings are within +/- 10% of the expected value for the gas being used, there is no need to adjust your gas detector. The table below shows the calculated values of +/- 10% of the span gas used.

Span Test Gas Used Gas Range Requirements H2S 22.5- 27.5 PPM

Carbon Monoxide 45- 55 PPM Oxygen 16.2- 19.8 %

LEL 45- 55 %

If your documented readings do not fall within these tabled values, the gas detector cannot be used, and the confined space cannot be entered.

APPENDIX F

CONFINED SPACE ENTRY LOG The gas tester must be calibrated and span tested before usage, following the steps listed in Appendix E. 1) Prior to opening the confined space, test the air around the entry point to the space to be

entered. Document the recorded results below.

Gas Measured Measurement Reading H2S PPM CO PPM O2 % LEL %

2) Open the confined space entrance, and lower the gas detector probe to the level the work will be

taking place at. Document the recorded results below.

Gas Measured Measurement Reading H2S PPM CO PPM O2 % LEL %

IF THESE VALUES ARE NOT EXACTLY THE SAME THE SPACE CANNOT BE ENTERED

3) Set up the supplied mechanical ventilation fan if required and begin venting space. 4) Install confined space entry barricades or fencing. 5) Document the names of all employees entering the space and their time in and out.

Employee In Time Employee Out Time

6a) The assigned confined space monitor must monitor the air quality continuously if the

space will be occupied for less than 15 minutes.

APPENDIX F

6b) The assigned monitor must fill in the recorded values in the tables below. The gas detector probe must be at the level the work is taking place at when documenting these values.

Assigned Monitor:______________________________________________________ Time of first Employee Entry:______________________________________________ Time of 1st Recorded Values:______________________________________________ AFTER 20 Mins. Time of Recorded Values:________________________________________________

Gas Measured Measurement Reading H2S PPM

Carbon Monoxide PPM Oxygen %

LEL %

After 40 Mins. Time of Recorded Values:________________________________________________

Gas Measured Instrument Readings H2S PPM


LEL %




LEL %

APPENDIX




LEL %


Gas Measured Instrument Reading H2S PPM


LEL %




LEL %

If employees were to leave the Confined Space for coffee or lunch, or for any period of time during the same entry, the air outside and inside must be tested

prior to anybody entering the space.

Test and document the air outside of the confined space and record the levels in the table below.



LEL %

APPENDIX

Attach the pump and long length of hose, drop the hose into the Confined Space to the level the workers will be performing work, and document the levels in the table below.



LEL %

IF THESE VALUES ARE NOT EXACTLY THE SAME THE CONFINED SPACE CANNOT BE ENTERED.

The gas detector hose must be left in the confined space at the level the workers are at, and the levels must be recorded every 30 minutes on the tables provided. Assigned Monitor:________________________________________________________ Time of first Employee Entry:_______________________________________________ Time of first Recorded Values:_____________________________________________

AFTER 20 Mins. Time of Recorded Values:________________________________________________



LEL %




LEL %

APPENDIX




LEL % After 80 Mins. Time of Recorded Values:________________________________________________



LEL %




LEL %




LEL %

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