Confined spacesHazards of confined spaces

Feed bins• Toxic gases

(carbon dioxide if wet feed)

• Low oxygen environment

• Engulfment (by grain)

• Entrapment (in the bottom of the bin

• Bacteria and moulds2

Cardboard compactor

3

• Low oxygen environment

• Entrapment (in the equipment)

• Bacteria and moulds (wet cardboard)

• Mechanical parts (hydraulic equipment)

Irrigation pump station

• Toxic gases

• Bacteria and moulds

• Drowning

• Electrocution

4

Silos

• Toxic gases

• Low oxygen

• Engulfment (by silage)

• Bacteria and moulds

5

Manure storage tank

• Toxic gases (carbon dioxide if wet feed)

• Low oxygen

• Bacteria

• Drowning

• Mechanical parts (agitators, pumps)

6

Conveyor tunnel

• Toxic gases

• Low oxygen

• Bacteria and moulds

• Mechanical parts

7

Soil processor

8

• Toxic gases (carbon dioxide)

• Low oxygen

• Bacteria and mould

• Pesticide residues

• Mechanical parts

Water tank

9

• Low oxygen

• Bacteria and moulds

• Cleaning chemicals

• Drowning

Feed mixer

10

• Toxic gases (if not cleaned for a long time)

• Bacteria and moulds

• Mechanical parts (augers, hydraulics)

11

Hazards of confined spacesAtmosphere • Toxic gases (carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide,

ammonia)

• Low oxygen environment

• Explosive (methane, gasoline, propane)

Biological • Bacteria and moulds

• Vermin (spiders, snakes)

Physical • Entrapment (trapped in a small space)

• Engulfment (buried in material, e.g., grain)

• Drowning (water, milk, liquid manure)

• Machinery (conveyors, mixers, augers)

• Electric shock

• High temperature (steam, radiant heat)

• Low temperature

• Noise