Set #9

Root Words – cont.

carn,-i,-o carnivore, carnage

• flesh

cephal,-i,-o anencephaly, cephalopod

• head

Anencephaly is a cephalic disorder that results from a neural tube defect that occurs when the cephalic (head) end of the neural tube fails to close, usually between the 23rd and 26th day of pregnancy, resulting in the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp. Infants with this disorder are born without a forebrain, the largest part of the brain consisting mainly of the cerebral hemispheres (which include the isocortex, which is responsible for higher level cognition, i.e., thinking). The remaining brain tissue is often exposed - not covered by bone or skin.

Infants born with anencephaly are usually blind, deaf, unconscious, and unable to feel pain.

Some with anencephaly live a few hours or days but not much longer.

Oxygenated water is taken into the mantle cavity to the gills and through muscular contraction of this cavity, the spent water is expelled through the hyponome, created by a fold in the mantle. Motion of the cephalopods is usually backward as water is forced out anteriorly through the hyponome,

They move by squirting water through a siphon, a type of jet propulsion.

Cephalopods (meaning "head foot") are mollusks with tentacles and a large head.

• The hyponome is the organ used by cephalopods for locomotion. It is a muscular funnel or siphon into which water is drawn. The hyponome expands and then contracts, sending a jet of water rushing out. This jet propels the cephalopod backward, but it can control its direction of movement by pointing the hyponome in different directions.

chole-cholangitis

• bile

cholangitis

inflammation of the bile ducts 

Diarrhea Itching Fatigue

Jaundice Episodes of fever

and chills Vomiting blood

Passing black or very dark stools

Swollen abdomen or feet

Abdominal pain Weight loss

The components of bile:Water

Cholesterol Lecithin (a

phospholipid) Bile pigments (

bilirubin & biliverdin) Bile salts

Bile - aids the process of digestion.

chondr,-i,-o chondroitin, chondrichthyes

cartilage

Chondro + Ichthyes = "cartilage fish"

Basic structure chondrocranium  -  cartilaginous braincase cartilaginous endoskeleton                 adaptation for weight reduction

Class Chondrichthyes      sC Elasmobranchii           O Squaliformes - modern sharks           O Rajiformes - skates & rays     

chrom,-at,-ato,-ochromatophore, kodachrome

• color

coel,-ocoelom• hollow

usually refers to the space, located between an animal’s outer covering (epidermis) and the outer lining of the gut cavity, where internal organs develop.

allows organs to be attached to each other so that they can be suspended in a particular order while still being able to move freely within the cavity

crani,-ocranium• skull

cuticuticle, subcutaneous

• skin

cyst,-i,-ocyst, cystoscopy, cystitis

• Bag, sac, bladder

• Definition• Cystitis is an infection of

the bladder. The bladder is the part of the urinary tract that collects the urine from the kidneys.

Before Laparoscopic Cyst Removal

After Laparoscopic Cyst Removal

cyt,-e,-omelanocyte

• cell

Melanocytes are cells located in the bottom layer of the skin's epidermis and in the middle layer of the eye, the uvea.