Session 27 1

Comparative Emergency Management

Session 27 Slide Deck

Session 27 2

Session Objectives

1. Define the Multilateral Organizations

2. Describe the United Nations, and Provide Examples of How it Participates in Emergency Management

3. Define Regional Multilateral Organizations, and Provide Two Brief Examples of Regional Multilateral Organizations Involved in Emergency Management

Multilateral Organization

An organization that is made up of central governments of individual countries

Session 27 3

Organizational Possibilities

• Globally-based

• Regionally-based

• Organized around a common issue or function

Session 27 4

The United Nations

• The General Assembly

• The Security Council

• The Economic and Social Council

• The Trusteeship Council

• The Secretariat

• The International Court of Justice

Session 27 5

OCHA

• Established to accommodate the needs of victims of disasters and emergencies

• Coordinates assistance provided by the UN system in emergencies that exceed the capacity and mandate of any individual agency

Session 27 6

OCHA Categories of Response

• Coordinating the international humanitarian response

• Providing support and policy development to the humanitarian community

• Advocating for humanitarian issues to ensure that the overall direction of relief reflects the general needs of recovery and peace building

Session 27 7

OCHA Leadership, Components, and Offices

• Emergency Relief Coordinator (ERC) • The Inter-Agency Steering Committee (IASC)• Disaster Response System• UN Disaster Assessment and Coordination Team

(UNDAC)• Humanitarian Coordinator (HC)• On-Site Operations Coordination Center (OSOCC)• Executive Committee on Humanitarian Affairs (ECHA)• Donor Relations Section (DRS)

Session 27 8

IASC Coordination Actions

• Developing common strategies

• Assessing situations and needs

• Convening coordination forums

• Mobilizing resources

• Addressing common problems

• Administering coordination mechanisms and tools

Session 27 9

IASC Objectives• Develop / agree on system-wide humanitarian policies• Allocate responsibilities among agencies• Develop and agree on a common ethical framework• Advocate common humanitarian principles to parties

outside the IASC• Identify areas where gaps in mandates or lack of

operational capacity exist• Resolve disputes or disagreement about and between

humanitarian agencies on system-wide humanitarian issues

Session 27 10

DESA Actions

• Compiles, generates, and analyzes economic, social, and environmental data and information

• Facilitates negotiations of members in on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges

• Advises national governments on translating UN-developed policy frameworks into country-level programs and helps build national capacities

Session 27 11

UNCRD

• Supports training and research on regional development issues and facilitates information dissemination and exchange

• Maintains a Disaster Management Planning Office that researches and develops community-based, sustainable projects for disaster management planning and capacity-building in developing countries

Session 27 12

UNDP• Capacity building central to the UNDP mission • Empowers host countries to be better able to address

issues of national importance• Moved into the area of disaster management as more

disasters affected larger populations and caused greater financial impacts

• Developing nations where the UNDP works face the greatest disaster vulnerabilities

• Projects indirectly address mitigation / preparedness roles

Session 27 13

UNDP / BCPR Foci

• Natural disaster reduction

• Recovery

• Mine action

• Conflict prevention and peace building

• Justice and security sector reform

• Small arms and demobilization

Session 27 14

BCPR Disaster Reduction Unit

• Increasing capacity for disaster risk reduction

• Mainstreaming disaster risk reduction into development

• Increasing investment in disaster risk reduction

Session 27 15

Other UN Agencies

• UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF)

• World Food Programme (WFP)

• World Health Organization (WHO)

• Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

• UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

• UN Disaster Management Team (UNDMT)

Session 27 16

CAP• Allows humanitarian aid organizations to plan,

implement, and monitor their activities• Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP)• Initiated in three types of situations:

– When there is an acute humanitarian need caused by a conflict or a natural disaster

– When the government is either unable or unwilling to address the humanitarian need

– When a single UN agency cannot cover all requirements

Session 27 17

Regional Multilateral Orgs

• Address issues of regional / global importance

• Can be more focused / less bureaucratic

• Examples:– NATO– EU– OAS– SADC– CEPREDENAC– CDERA

Session 27 18