Session 2 - ABS - Sember, Bill
Transcript of Session 2 - ABS - Sember, Bill
GasTech 2005The Role of Classification
Societies in Design, Operation and Construction of LNG Carriers and Terminals
GasTech 2005The Role of Classification
Societies in Design, Operation and Construction of LNG Carriers and Terminals
William J. SemberVice President , Energy Development
ABSBilbao, Spain 14 March 2005
Class Role In LNG TransportationClass Role In LNG Transportation
• Develop and Set Standards
• Third Party Independent Verification Agent
• Enable Operators To Meet Technical Challenges For Transporting LNG
• Apply ship/offshore classification experience to “marinizing” offshore LNG terminal facilities
Classification ProcessClassification Process• Develop standards “Rules”• Review technical plans and
determine design compliance• Conduct surveys during
construction• Source inspection of materials,
equipment and machinery• Accept a vessel into “class”• Conduct subsequent periodic surveys
for maintenance of class• Conduct surveys of damage, repairs
and modifications
Deliveries Needed*22 21 35 21 20 17 18 20 22 24 25
Current Orderbook*
22 21 35 21
177 177 176 175 174 172 170 168 166 164 161
11 13 16
4273 88 107 122 138 156 176 198 220
1 752 3 922
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
LNG Ship Supply-Demand ForecastLNG Ship Supply-Demand Forecast
Source: Current Fleet & Orderbook Clarkson **35-year-in-service basis
199219
250265
284299
315333
353375
397
Existing
NewDemandCumulative
ReplacedVessels**Cumulative
In Number of Vessels – Jan 2005*
LNG Outlook
*preliminary
Deliveries NeededIncludes current orderbook and estimated delivery of LNG ships needed for all currently known LNG related projects, including those associated with offshore terminals. For forecast shown ship size assumed at 135K CuM
LNG Fleet Capacity Growth 75%LNG Fleet Capacity Growth 75%
30
0
Capacity (million cubic meters)
Dec 2004
20.6925
20
15
10
5
23.91
26.94
32.05
35.90
Timeframe
Dec 2005 Dec 2006 Dec 2007 Dec 2008
177
ship
s
198
Ship
s
219
Ship
s
254
Ship
s
278
Ship
s
Chart Data from Lloyd’s Register/Fairplay and Clarksons
35
Evolution of LNG Carrier SizeEvolution of LNG Carrier Size300,000 m3
200,000 m3
100,000 m3
0
Cubic Meters
1964 1965 1969 1973 1975 1981 1995 2005 2009-2010
27,40025,500
71,500
87,600
120,000 125,000 133,000 135,000
153,000
250,000
IndependentPrismaticAluminumCargo Tanks
IndependentCylindricalTanks
First MossRosenbergIndependentSpherical Tanks
Ben Franklin& El Paso Kayser
FinimaFirst MembraneShips
2007
210,000 to 215,000
LNG Transport System TechnologyLNG Transport System TechnologyNext Generation of LNG Ships Require Advanced Technology that Addresses the Transport System
Propulsion Technology
Structural Integrity Technology
Pump Tower Analysis
Containment System Technology
Ship to Terminal Interface Technology
Special Concerns for LNGSpecial Concerns for LNG
• Gasification of LNG• Loss of Containment • Liquid Spill on Deck • Gas Release• Disposal of Boil-off• Fire and Explosion • Over-pressure or Under-pressure• Ship to Terminal Transfer of LNG• Partial Loading• Layout Constraints
Dual Fuel Electric Propulsion(Diesel and Electric)
Dual Fuel Electric Propulsion(Diesel and Electric)
• 177 LNG ships in service– Steam turbine
• 103 LNG ships on order– 82 –Steam turbine– 21 -Diesel
• 13-dual fuel diesel electric
• 8 –slow speed diesel direct drive
(1 January 2005)
Membrane Containment StrengthMembrane Containment Strength
• MK III and No 96 Membrane systems tested for strength with full scale drop tests
• Guidance by class societies for strength assessment of membrane type containment systems
New Tank Containment DesignNew Tank Containment Design
• Pyramid/Prism shaped tank design to reduce free surface area thus reducing high impact sloshing loads
New Tank Containment DesignNew Tank Containment Design
• Cylindrical Tank with spherical dished ends
• 36m diameter and40m high holding volume of 36,000m3
Design to maximize void spaces in the hull
Offshore LNG Terminals Offshore LNG Terminals • Ship to Terminal
Transfer of LNG • Class Guidelines for
Building and Classing Offshore LNG Terminals
• Considers:– Terminal structure– Hull design– Mooring system– Offloading– Process facilities
LNG Technologies LNG Technologies
• Regasification of LNG onboard vessel, The Energy Bridge Deepwater Port
Class Contributions to LNGClass Contributions to LNG
• First Transport of LNG by Sea was “Methane Pioneer” in 1959
• Today 177 LNG carriers transporting LNG from one region of the world to another…All of these vessels are “classed”
• Class societies serve as an independent third party verification agency
Safety & Compliance With Rules (Standards) The Main Concern…..