Session 1 Björn Södahl.pdf
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Transcript of Session 1 Björn Södahl.pdf
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
New requirements
for SOx and NOx –
challenges and
opportunities for the
shipping industry
Björn Södahl
Research Coordinator
Department of Shipping and Marine Technology
Chalmers University of Technology
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Who are we?
Department of
Shipping and Marine
Technology
Department of
Shipping and
Marine Technology
WHAT LIGHTHOUSE IS:
- it is a Swedish national strategic
initiative for European shipping
competitiveness
- it is a co-operation of competence
in the maritime sector
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Vision, mission and core values
• Vision:
LIGHTHOUSE should be a natural beacon for research projects,
educational efforts and innovation activities within the maritime sector.
• Mission:
To contribute to a clean and safe globalization through the
communication of new knowledge retrieved from interdisciplinary ways
of working.
• Core values:
– Environmental durability as well as work environment sustainability
– Competitive shipping industry
– Networking
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
• The Swedish Shipowners’ Association
• The Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation
Systems
• The Swedish Maritime Administration
• Region Västra Götaland
Lighthouse is funded by:
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Geographic location
• Country:
– Sweden
• City:
– Gothenburg
• Area:
– Chalmers University of
Technology, Campus
Lindholmen
• Building:
– the Saga building
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Chalmers
Shipping and Marine Technology
Head of Department
Olle Rutgersson
Division of Ship Design
Head of division:
Jonas Ringsberg
• Marine Structures
• Marine Transport Systems
• Seakeeping
Division of Ship Work
Environment and Safety
Head of division:
Margareta Lützhöft
• Human Factors
• Maritime Safety
• Navigation and Communication
Division of Shipping
Logistics and Chartering
Head of division:
Anneli Rask
Division of Sustainable
Ship Propulsion
Head of division:
Lars Larsson
• Hydromechanics
• Marine Environmental
Technology
• Marine Machinery Systems
Maritime Waypoint
Lars-Eric Carlsson
• Market of Shipping
• External Courses
• Full-mission Bridge Simulator
Administration
Birgitta Oscár
Vice Head of Department
Lars Larsson
Deputy Head of Department
Eva Jacobsson
Research Coordinator
Björn Södahl
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Challenges of shipping – thematic project areas
• Business Ship
Economy, maritime logistics and maritime law
• Cargo Ship
Ship design, cargo handling, systems and marine structures
• Eco Ship
Maritime environment, efficiency and energy consumption
• Ergo Ship
Human factors and working environment
• Safe Ship
Maritime safety and security
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
ECOSHIP - Performance driven
research & development
Present situation Desired outcome
Technologydevelopment
Challenges &Barriers torealization
Lack of Incentive
Prescriptiveregulations
Target areas for R&D
Zero
EmissionsChallenges…?
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Thematic areas for cross-disciplinary
research projects
Lighthouse
Thematic research
area/programChalmersShipping & Marine Technology
Desired impact/
Performance examples
Sustainable Ship
Propulsion
Ecoship
Cargoship
Businesship
Safeship
Ergoship
Ship Design
Computational
Hydrodynamics
Maritime Environment
Machinery Systems
Applied Hydrodynamics
Marine Transport
Systems
Seakeeping
Marine Structures
Ship Work Environment
and Safety
Human Factors
Maritime Safety
Navigation and
Communication
Gothenburg UniversitySchool of Business, Economics & Law
World trade and International Shipping
Logistics and Cargo handling,
Financial Reports and Analyses
Maritime Law
Transport EfficiencyTime, resource, economy
SustainabilityLCA, g/tonkm
Knowledge/expertise
Human centered work Effectiveness, Efficiency,
Satisfaction
SafetyRisk control
Economyprofitability
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Thematic areas for cross-disciplinary
research projects
Lighthouse
Thematic research
area/program
Desired impact/
Performance examples
Ecoship
Cargoship
Businesship
Safeship
Ergoship
Transport EfficiencyTime, resource, economy
SustainabilityLCA, g/tonkm
Human centered work Effectiveness, Efficiency,
Satisfaction
SafetyRisk control
Economyprofitability
ChalmersShipping & Marine Technology
Sustainable Ship
Propulsion
Ship Design
Computational
Hydrodynamics
Maritime Environment
Machinery Systems
Applied Hydrodynamics
Marine Transport
Systems
Seakeeping
Marine Structures
Ship Work Environment
and Safety
Human Factors
Maritime Safety
Navigation and
Communication
Gothenburg UniversitySchool of Business, Economics & Law
World trade and International Shipping
Logistics and Cargo handling,
Financial Reports and Analyses
Maritime Law
Knowledge/expertise
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Academic
hub
Chalmers
GU
….
Thematic Research Process
Define needs
Communicate
results
Conduct research
Arrange finance
Select projects
Industry
Challenge, e g
Air Pollution
Desired impact, e g
Reduced emissions
Industry
reps
SSA
….
Specialized Disciplines, e g
Nanotechnology
Combustion
Systems
engineering
Logistics
Applications
Knowledge,
Expertise
Funding
Relevance
Potential
Synergy
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Aiming for zero emissions –
the ultimate goal
1900 2000 2100
Supply CO2-emitting
Supply CO2-neutral
Demand constant efficiency
Demand improved efficiency
Global energy supply and demand
Energy efficiency
Renewable energy
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Sun, Wind, Waves
Eco Ship - exploring options
for energy conservation
Weather routing
Fuel efficiency
Propulsion
performance
Hull resistance
Deadweight/
displacement
Cargo capacity
utilizationScheduling
Technology
Operation Procedure
LogisticsSpeed adaptions
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
“Well-to-ship”
“Ship-to-shore”
“Ship-to-air”
“Ship-to-sea”
LCA of fuel alternatives
and their impacts:
Emissions/energy unit
(e.g. gCO2/kWh)
Biodiversity?
Toxicity?
Social impact?
E.g. OWS water,
scrubber water
g/kWh of
CO2,
SOx,
NOx,
PME.g. sludge,
solid waste
Resulting impacts:
Environment
Health
Social
Eco Ship – analyses the
overall impact of fuel sourcing
Decision support – e g:
What is the preferable option, environmentally and
economically – using destillate fuel or HFO with scrubbing?
Are there other viable options, e g: Natural gas? Biofuels?
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Lighthouse Eco Ship – Project Portfolio
Thematic Challenge
Category
Research Topics Existing
Projects
Ongoing/
Concluded
Project
ideas
Initiated/
Granted
Examples
Energy Conservation TECHNICAL
Hull resistance
Propulsion efficiency
Energy utilization/optimization
Lightweight/displ
Ambient energy sources
--Wind
--Waves
--Solar
OPERATIONAL
Weatherrouting
Speed optimization
LOGISTIC
Scheduling
Capacity Utilization
7
5
1
1
1
1
1
2
oEnvironmental database of the Swedish merchant fleet
oEmission measurement study of manoeuvering ships in
port areas
oEvaluation of sea water scrubbing – reduction of SOX
emissions from ship exhausts
oEvaluation of NOx reduction technology
oMeasurements and evaluation of Particulate Matter
Emissions
oEnergy for ship propulsion from an environmental and
resource perspective
Fuel Sourcing and
Emission treatment
Alternative fuels
Emission treatment
Waste treatment
Additives & catalysts
4
5
5
1
-
Incentive mechanisms Emission trading systems
Customer demands
Regulation regimes
Contractual conditions
-- Charter
-- Newbuilding
1
4
1
1
oCompetitive Environmental Shipping
oCost - effective emission control, prospects and benefits
of emission trading
Other Environmental
impacts
Ballast Water
Antifouling
VOC
Recycling
Wreck pollution
Chemical products in ship
operation
1
1
1
1
22 23
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Annex VI – 2015 ECA
Alternatives and issues
0.1%
Sulphur
HFO + SWS
MGO
LNG
MDO + SWS
Cost, availability?
Cost? Scrubber pH dilution?
Scrubber efficiency? pH dilution?
Conversion, storage, supply, leakage?
-80%
NOx
HAM, EGR…
SCR Cost, Urea LCA?
Cost, Efficiency?
Combination?
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Challenges and opportunities
• Several alternative technologies available
• Great complexity, numerous unresolved issues
• Decision support needed to find cost-effective solutions
• Scope for cooperation projects –
industry-academy-authorities
• Ultimate goal – reduced environmental impact and
improved competitiveness for shipping
Founder LIGHTHOUSE MARITIME COMPETENCE CENTRE
Thank you for your attention!
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