Senior Design Poster
1
Design Evaluation Results Gamma Ray Incidence Detector Housing Design Members: Cole Steffens, Mitchell Kukson, Michael LaValley, Ahmed AlMenhali, and, Jacob Garay Design Thermal Analysis Vibrational Analysis Background Experiment for X-Ray Characterization and Timing (EXACT) Primary Mission: Study electron acceleration in solar flares- UMN School of Physics and Astronomy Secondary Mission: Measure time arrivals of photons, at a known spacecraft location, from astrophysical sources- UMN Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics Department Steady State Analysis - Worst Case Conditions Satellite Temperature Range: 49°C - 58°C Detector Temperature: 51°C Four Sources of Heat: Solar Radiation - Radiation emitted by the Sun Albedo Radiation - Solar radiation reflected by the Earth. Planetary Radiation - Radiation emission from the Earth. Satellite Electronics - Power dissipation Optimal Detector performance range: -50° - 70°C Steady State Analysis - Worst Case Conditions with Kapton Shielding Satellite Temperature Range: 15°C - 31°C Detector Temperature: 15°C The original GRID housing design encountered several different problems including: ● Crystal and photodiode were attached using an adhesive which outgasses in space ● GRID system was not electromagnetically isolated ● GRID housing was not electrically isolated from the structure ● Risk of failure due to launch vibrations was not mitigated ● FMEA failure analysis was not fully conducted for launch and mission duration Key Design Features Cork Insulation Sleeves - No thermal expansion, dampens vibration and thermally insulates the detector. Internal PCB - Data amplification stage is housed to isolate from external noise. Ceramic Satellite Interface - Macor Ceramic sleeve bearings electrically isolate the housing from the satellite structure. Aluminum Structure - Lightweight, structurally sound and highly reflective. Product Advantages Electrically Isolated - GRID housing is electrically isolated from the Satellite structure protecting its internal PCB from electrical leakage. Electromagnetically Isolated - With the addition of a conductive x-ray transmission window a Faraday’s cage is formed around the detector, isolating the detector from noise that could interfere with the amplification stage. Easily Modifiable - Housing can be easily modified to accommodate an x-ray transmission window on the top surface and isolated wiring passages on the bottom. Thermal and vibration protection - Housing protects the detector from launch and orbit environmental conditions. Helps ensure proper detector performance. No outgassing materials - The photodiode and scintillator are connected through a pressure connection, eliminating the need for outgassing adhesives. The natural frequency of the CubeSat had to be <100HZ. The natural frequency was determined using ANSYS The CubeSat was tested to determine if it would survive a random vibration spectrum ( along with a shock environment spectrum. Random vibration spectrum results Shock environment spectrum results Coronal Mass Ejection Solar Flare Gamma Ray Incident Detector (GRID): An incident photon via x-ray or gamma ray will hit a cesium-iodide crystal which will cause it to scintillate (emit light). The photodiode then measures the received energy and time arrival. The analog signal is then processed and transferred to the flight computer. GRID Original GRID Housing Design Original Design Interior Task: Design a detector housing to be used on a 3 unit CubeSat for the EXACT mission.
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Transcript of Senior Design Poster
Design Evaluation Results
Gamma Ray Incidence Detector Housing DesignMembers: Cole Steffens, Mitchell Kukson, Michael LaValley, Ahmed AlMenhali, and, Jacob Garay
Design
Thermal Analysis
Vibrational Analysis
Background
Experiment for X-Ray Characterization and Timing (EXACT)
Primary Mission: Study electron acceleration in solar flares- UMN School of Physics and AstronomySecondary Mission: Measure time arrivals of photons, at a known spacecraft location, from astrophysical sources- UMN Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics Department
Steady State Analysis - Worst Case Conditions
Satellite Temperature Range:49°C - 58°C
Detector Temperature:51°C
Four Sources of Heat:
Solar Radiation - Radiation emitted by the SunAlbedo Radiation - Solar radiation reflected by the Earth.Planetary Radiation - Radiation emission from the Earth.Satellite Electronics - Power dissipation
Optimal Detector performance range: -50° - 70°C
Steady State Analysis - Worst Case Conditions with Kapton Shielding
Satellite Temperature Range:15°C - 31°C
Detector Temperature:15°C
The original GRID housing design encountered several different problems including:● Crystal and photodiode were attached using an adhesive which
outgasses in space● GRID system was not electromagnetically isolated ● GRID housing was not electrically isolated from the structure● Risk of failure due to launch vibrations was not mitigated● FMEA failure analysis was not fully conducted for launch and
mission duration
Key Design FeaturesCork Insulation Sleeves - No thermal expansion, dampens vibration and thermally insulates the detector.
Internal PCB - Data amplification stage is housed to isolate from external noise.
Ceramic Satellite Interface - Macor Ceramic sleeve bearings electrically isolate the housing from the satellite structure.
Aluminum Structure - Lightweight, structurally sound and highly reflective.
Product AdvantagesElectrically Isolated - GRID housing is electrically isolated from the Satellite structure protecting its internal PCB from electrical leakage.
Electromagnetically Isolated - With the addition of a conductive x-ray transmission window a Faraday’s cage is formed around the detector, isolating the detector from noise that could interfere with the amplification stage.
Easily Modifiable - Housing can be easily modified to accommodate an x-ray transmission window on the top surface and isolated wiring passages on the bottom.
Thermal and vibration protection - Housing protects the detector from launch and orbit environmental conditions. Helps ensure proper detector performance.
No outgassing materials - The photodiode and scintillator are connected through a pressure connection, eliminating the need for outgassing adhesives.
The natural frequency of the CubeSat had to be <100HZ. The natural frequency was determined using ANSYS
The CubeSat was tested to determine if it would survive a random vibration spectrum ( along with a shock environment spectrum.
Random vibration spectrum results
Shock environment spectrum results
Coronal Mass Ejection Solar Flare
Gamma Ray Incident Detector (GRID):An incident photon via x-ray or gamma ray will hit a cesium-iodide crystal which will cause it to scintillate (emit light). The photodiode then measures the received energy and time arrival. The analog signal is then processed and transferred to the flight computer.
GRID
Original GRID Housing Design Original Design Interior
Task: Design a detector housing to be used on a 3 unit CubeSat for the EXACT mission.
