Essential Questions:How did economic and territorial growth affect the development of sectional differences in the United States?Outline the American system, its purpose, and explain how each part contributed to sectionalism.

Daily FocusWhat do these two pictures depict? In what ways do they illustrate

growing sectional differences in the US during the time period we are studying?

Sectional Differences

Each group will be assigned a topic to research. Each group will create a poster on their topic and use it to teach the class their topic. (Time: 30 minutes)

All students will take notes from each group’s presentation on the provided handout

This entire activity will count as a quiz grade!

TOPICS: Industrial

Revolution Society in the

NORTH & the SOUTH

Sectionalism American System Transportation

• Group One: Industrial Revolution: Define industrial revolution and its relationship to Great Britain, describe the importance of interchangeable parts and the inventor, explain what mass production is (212-213) and describe the Lowell System (262)

• Group Two: Society in the North v. Society in the South—describe how society is changing in the north, the rise of industry, the abolition movement, life experiences in the North. (213-215) Society in the South: Describe the basis for the Southern economy, describe how plantations work and their importance, define the “necessary evil”, and discuss the life experiences in the South. (250-251) (278-279)

• Group Three: Cotton is King—the value of cotton in the South, the invention of the Cotton Gin (who and what does it do), the effect of the cotton gin on the economy and on slavery. What role does cotton play in trade? What system transformed Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama into Cotton Kingdom?(215-216) What was the plantation system like?(278-279)

• Group Four: Sectionalism: Define sectionalism, discuss the issues that the South and North differed on—land, tariffs, slavery, etc. (p.218) Review the Missouri Compromise. (222) How is sectionalism a major cause leading up to the civil war?

• Group Five: The American System: The American System—what is it, what is its purpose, what are the ultimate goals, who created it, how will it help our nation, who are Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun ((216-217)

• Group Six: Transportation: Transportation—discuss the importance of the national road, what conestogas are, the importance and history of the Eerie Canal, and the future as far as railroads are concerned (217, 277)

Industrial Revolution• What is it?

• Where did it start?

• Who invented interchangeable parts?

• What is mass production?

• Describe the Lowell System.

• Who worked in the Lowell Mills?

SocietyWhat was life like in each region?

How are the economic systems different?What are the characteristics of each region?

NORTH SOUTH

Cotton is King• The most important cash crop in the south was

_________.• ________ ________ invented the ______ ___ which

allowed the seeds in cotton to be picked out by a machine rather than by hand.

• The cotton gin _________ the production of cotton: 1790-1810 production surged from ______ bales a year to ________ bales a year.

• With the cotton gin, poor and wealthy farmers alike quickly claimed and bought more _______.

• Increased cotton production also _________ slavery and likewise __________ the need for _________.

• Cotton was in great demand in ______ ______ and the _________.

Sectionalism• What were the terms of

the Missouri Compromise?

• What is sectionalism?

• How can sectionalism be a cause of the civil war?

Topic North’s View

South’s View

Land

Tariffs

Slavery

The American System

• Developed by ________________ and ___________________

• PURPOSE (2):

Parts and how they support purpose:

• 1.

• 2.

• 3.

• What impact will improved transportation have on agriculture and industry?

• National Road

• Conestogas

• Eerie Canal

• Railroads

Transportation

Essential Questions:•How did economic and territorial growth affect the development of sectional differences in the United States?

•Outline the American system, its purpose, and explain how each part contributed to sectionalism.

Which two men were the leaders behind the American system?

a. Henry Clay/Andrew Jackson

b. James Madison/James Monroe

c. John Calhoun/ Henry Clay

d. John Marshall/ John Calhoun

Which of the following is NOT true?

a. Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin.

b. The south supported a high tariff.

c. The cotton gin made the growing of cotton the south’s main activity.

d. The textile mills of the north further increased the need for southern cotton.

What event increased the importance of slavery in the 19th century?

a. The building of a national road

b. election of a southern President

c. beginning of the Industrial Revolution

d. Invention of the Cotton Gin

Which of the following was NOT a component of Henry Clay’s American System?

a. protective tariffs

b. national transportation system

c. establishment of a national bank

d. a system of merit exams for government jobs

How did the attitudes towards slavery in the North contrast to those in the South?

a. Northerners welcomed the reintroduction of slavery

b. Northerners often agreed with the existence of slavery in the South

c. Morally opposed to slavery

d. Most Northerners did not consider slavery in the South to be an issue

Clay’s American System fed nationalist feeling. What effect did his program have on sectional differences?

a. Despite Clay’s plan, sectional differences remained strong

b. Due to Clay’s initiative, sectional differences melted away

c. Since the system abolished slavery, sectional differences gradually eased

d. sectional differences remained strong but shifted from North and South to West and North

Most employees of the Lowell Textile Mills were

a. African Americans

b. Women

c. White men

d. Immigrants

The term used to describe a region putting its own interests above the interests of the nation is known as

a. Nationalism

b. Patriotism

c. Sectionalism

d. Nativism

What feature of Clay’s American System helped western expansion?

a. creation of a national bank

b. establishment of a tariff

c. internal transportation improvements

d. acquisition of Indian lands

Why did industrial leaders welcome a tariff on goods imported into the United States?

a. Foreign firms could undersell American businesses. Without a tax, Americans could not compete against them.

b. Foreign goods were so shabby that their presence in the US was jeopardizing national growth

c. Industrial leaders did not back the tariff

d. Industrial leaders hoped the tariff would help Southerners expand slavery into new territories

The factory system was dependent on all of the following EXCEPT:

a. Craftsmen

b. Inexpensive labor

c. Interchangeable parts

d. Power-driven machinery

Completed in 1825, the Erie Canal connect the Atlantic Ocean with what?

a. New York City

b. The Great Lakes

c. The National Road

d. The Mississippi River

The Industrial Revolution in the United States involved all of the following EXCEPT:

a. A steadily growing slave trade in the South

b. The construction of textile factories in the North

c. The introduction of labor-saving machinery

d. A decrease in the nation’s dependence on foreign trade

All of the following were supported by the North except:

a. A high tariff

b. Expansion of slavery

c. Industrialization

d. Mass Production

Which region of the country strongly opposed protective tariffs?

a. North

b. South

c. West

d. East