Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

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Objectives

List in order the three stages of the body’s response to stress.

Identify four types of early warning signs for stress.

Describe the relationship between stress and illness.

Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

Section 3.2 How Stress Affects Your Body

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Health Stats Is there a relationship between stress and the risk of catching a cold?

Predict why being in a prolonged stressful situation might increase the likelihood of getting a cold.

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The body’s response to stress occurs in three stages

Stages of Stress

• the alarm stage• the resistance stage • the exhaustion stage

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Alarm Stage

4) Breathing rate increases.

5) More sugar released into blood. Ability of blood clot increases.

6) Flow of blood to skin reduced. Sweating increases.

8) Pupils open wide.

10) Lump forms in throat as muscles contract.

3) Flow of blood to brain increases.

2) Heart rate and blood pressure increase.

7) Flow of blood to digestive system reduced. Digestion slows. More stomach acid produced.

1) Adrenaline released into blood.

9) Muscles tense. More energy produced by cells.

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Fight-or-Flight Response

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• During this stage, your body adapts to the continued presence of the stressor.

• The work that your body does during the resistance stage uses up a lot of energy. As a result, you may become tired, irritable, and less able to handle any added stress.

Resistance Stage

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• Your body can no longer keep up with the demands placed on it.

• Your physical and emotional resources are depleted.

Exhaustion Stage

• Exhaustion occurs only if a stressor continues for a long time—usually weeks, months, or even years.

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Recognizing Signs of Stress

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Click above to go online.

For: More on how to recognize stress

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Stress and IllnessStress can trigger certain illnesses, reduce the body’s ability to fight an illness, and make some diseases harder to control.

• Stomachaches• Asthma• Headaches• Lowered Resistance to Disease• Heart Disease

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Vocabulary

fight-or-flight response

The initial reaction of the body to stress during the alarm stage.

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QuickTake Quiz

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End of Section 3.2

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