Section 3 Study Site and Measurement Plan for Konza ...
23
3-1 Section 3 Study Site and Measurement Plan for Konza Prairie (KONZ), Manhattan, Kansas
Transcript of Section 3 Study Site and Measurement Plan for Konza ...
3-1
Section 3
Study Site and Measurement Plan forKonza Prairie (KONZ), Manhattan, Kansas
3-2
KONZ
Directions to Site
From Interstate 70, Kansas
1. Take exit 313 off Interstate 70 onto HWY 177 (this is the Manhattanexit).
2. Drive north on HWY 177 to the bridge crossing the Kansas Rivernear Manhattan (about 13.5 km from I-70).
3. Immediately before crossing the bridge, take a left (south) onRiley Rd.
4. Follow Riley Rd. along river valley for about 10 km to Kings Creek. 5. Take the first road (left turn) after crossing Kings Creek to Konza
Prairie. Parking area is approximately 1.5 km from turnoff.
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KONZ
Major Cover Types
Major cover types encountered in BigFoot study site
1. Tallgrass prairie 2. Shortgrass prairie 3. Shrub community 4. Gallery forest
Cover type qualifiers
1. Cattle grazed 2. Bison grazed 3. Ungrazed 4. Burn frequency
Cover type descriptions
Tallgrass prairie
Acronym: TGPRSpecies: big bluestem, Indian grass, little bluestem,
switchgrass, and other forbsArchitecture: 1–1.5 m tall at full flush
Land form: bottomlands, deep soils, unexposed aspectsComments: A wide, poorly defined gradient exists between the
tallgrass and shortgrass prairies.
Shortgrass prairie
Acronym: SGPRSpecies: blue grama, hairy grama, xeric forbs
Architecture: 10–20 cm tall at full flushLand form: exposed ridgetops, shallow claypan soils
Comments: A wide, poorly defined, gradient exists betweenthe tallgrass and shortgrass prairies.
Shrub community
Acronym: SHRBSpecies: smooth sumac and Cornus spp.
Architecture: 1–2 m tall, very dense, thin stems, closed canopyLand form: exposed ridgetops, shallow claypan soils
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Comments: Shrubs form patches in drainage gulches andseeps. Shrub communities also occur adjacent tocreeks and as a transition between prairie andforest.
Gallery forest
Acronym: GALFSpecies: oaks, elm, hackberry, walnut, and hickory
Architecture: 15–20 m tall closed canopy but lots of edgesupports; significant understory with open canopyat 3–5 m
Land form: lowlands, largely riparianComments: This is a diverse community that includes
transition communities such as open savanna andshrub. About 6% of Konza is gallery forest.
Cover type qualifiers and additional comments
Konza (Figure 3.1) is divided into over 60 managed experimental watersheds.The management practices vary in grazing regime and fire frequency(Figure 3.2). Grazing treatments include cattle grazing, bison grazing, and nograzing. Fire regimes vary by frequency (1-, 2-, 4-, 10-, or 20-year fire cycles)and timing (winter, summer, fall, and spring burning). While not all combinationsof burning and grazing regimes are practiced, many are making the Konzalandscape very diverse. The BigFoot design cannot sample each of thesemanagement areas. The management history of each study plot will berecognized as a cover type qualifier since the management practice will influencespecies composition, vegetation structure, and function.
5 x 5 km BigFoot
Figure 3.1. Location of BigFoot study site in relation to the surrounding landscape.
Konza Prairie Research Natural Area SPOT image obtained from http://climate.konza.ksu.edu/images/spot91b.jpb
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#
#
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#
#
ALS03B
N04D
S03C
N01BN02B
N04A
N02A
S03A
K01B
K01A
N01A
K20A
C04D
C01C
N20B
C01B
N04C
K04B
N20A
NATRL
K02A
004B
N04B
K04A
TEXHO
HQC
002D
C04A
001D
004D
001B
020D
033A
002A 020C
010A
001A
020B
002C020A
004A
HQB
004F010D
033B
033C001C
004GF04F
004E004C
010B
033D004H
Konza managementunits
# Intensive plots# Extensive plots
5x5km BigFoot site
N-grazed by BisonK-Kings creek (ungrazed)C-grazed by cattleS-S. creek (ungrazed)HQ-headquartersAL-lowland agricul.WP-white pasture (cattle gr.)THP-texas hog pasture (cattle grazed)2, 4, 10, 20 - years between burnsA, B, C, D - treatment repsW - winter burnSu - summer burnF - fall burnSp - spring burnNat TR - nature trail
Konza Prairie Research Natural Area management unit obtained from ftp://ftp.konza.ksu.edu/pub/arc-infor/wshd.e00.
Figure 3.2. Location of study plots in Konza Prairie ResearchNatural Area management units.
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KONZ
Plot Placement Rationale
Positioning of intensive sampling gridThe intensive sampling grid will consist of 80 individual plots (25 x 25 m)
arranged in a systematic spatial cluster design (Figures 3.3 and 3.4; Table 3.1).The 80-plot grid extends 925 m east to west and 550 m north to south. Theintensive sampling grid at KONZ will be centered on the eddy flux tower locatedin the every-other-year burning management unit. The purpose of the intensivesampling grid is to provide accurate characterization of vegetation characteristicsfor the tower footprint and determine the degree and scale of spatialautocorrelation among land cover types.
Positioning of the intensive sampling grid in this manner will not place anyplots too close to the flux tower (nearest plot >50 m away)
Positioning of extensive sampling plotsThe extensive sample plots will consist of 20 individual plots (each measuring
25 x 25 m) randomly stratified throughout the 5 x 5 km study area. The purposesof the extensive sample plots will be to verify that cover type-specificcharacteristics hold over multi-kilometer distances and to measure vegetationcharacteristics of unique ecosystems that influence the 25-km2 MODIS surfacebut were not present in the tower footprint.
At the KONZ site, the 5 x 5 km BigFoot study area will be centered on theKonza Prairie research area. The 20 external plots will be randomly stratifiedthroughout the 5 x 5 km study area such that plots will be at least 600 m fromeach other. Four of the 20 random points were relocated to new randomlocations because the original locations were on farms on which we did not havepermission to conduct research or occurred in nonrepresentative land covertypes.
Fig
ure
3.3
. Lo
cati
on
of
stu
dy
plo
ts in
rel
atio
n t
o a
sta
nd
ard
ized
no
rmal
ized
dif
fere
nce
veg
etat
ion
ind
ex (
ND
VI)
imag
e fo
r th
e K
on
za P
rair
ie.
ND
VI c
alcu
late
d fr
om L
andS
at T
M Im
age
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N D V I
Konza management
units#
Intensive plots#Extensive plots
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01
23
45
67
89
000
0102
0304
0506
0708
09
110
1112
1314
1516
1718
19
220
2122
2324
2526
2728
29
330
3132
3334
3536
3738
39
440
4142
4344
4546
4748
49
550
5152
5354
5556
5758
59
660
6162
6364
6566
6768
69
770
7172
7374
7576
7778
79
Ro
wC
olu
mn
010
020
030
0 m
25 x
25
m p
lots
dra
wn
to s
cale
NM
N 0
5º E
199
3
Flu
x T
ower
: 71
1,59
8 E
43
2826
5 N
(U
TM
NA
D 2
7; z
one
14)
Plo
t 00
cent
er:
7111
06.5
E
4328
747
N
Flu
x T
ower
3rd-
orde
r pl
ots*
2nd-
or
1st-
orde
r pl
ots*
* S
ee “
Sam
plin
g In
tens
ity”
subs
ectio
n
Fig
ure
3.4
. Lo
cati
on
of
inte
nsi
ve s
tud
y p
lots
su
rro
un
din
g K
ON
Z f
lux
tow
er.
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Table 3.1. KONZ plot locations and descriptionsPlot
numberPlot center
UTM easting*Plot center
UTM northing*Covertype
Samplingintensity** Comments
00 711,106.50 4,328,747.00 201 711,131.50 4,328,747.00 302 711,206.50 4,328,747.00 303 711,456.50 4,328,747.00 304 711,506.50 4,328,747.00 205 711,631.50 4,328,747.00 206 711,656.50 4,328,747.00 307 711,731.50 4,328,747.00 308 711,981.50 4,328,747.00 309 712,031.50 4,328,747.00 210 711,106.50 4,328,722.00 311 711,131.50 4,328,722.00 312 711,206.50 4,328,722.00 313 711,456.50 4,328,722.00 314 711,506.50 4,328,722.00 315 711,631.50 4,328,722.00 316 711,656.50 4,328,722.00 317 711,731.50 4,328,722.00 318 711,981.50 4,328,722.00 319 712,031.50 4,328,722.00 320 711,106.50 4,328,672.00 321 711,131.50 4,328,672.00 322 711,206.50 4,328,672.00 223 711,456.50 4,328,672.00 224 711,506.50 4,328,672.00 325 711,631.50 4,328,672.00 326 711,656.50 4,328,672.00 327 711,731.50 4,328,672.00 228 711,981.50 4,328,672.00 229 712,031.50 4,328,672.00 330 711,106.50 4,328,522.00 231 711,131.50 4,328,522.00 332 711,206.50 4,328,522.00 333 711,456.50 4,328,522.00 334 711,506.50 4,328,522.00 235 711,631.50 4,328,522.00 236 711,656.50 4,328,522.00 337 711,731.50 4,328,522.00 338 711,981.50 4,328,522.00 339 712,031.50 4,328,522.00 240 711,106.50 4,328,422.00 241 711,131.50 4,328,422.00 342 711,206.50 4,328,422.00 343 711,456.50 4,328,422.00 344 711,506.50 4,328,422.00 245 711,631.50 4,328,422.00 2
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Table 3.1 (continued)Plot
NumberPlot center
UTM easting*Plot center
UTM northing*Covertype
Samplingintensity** Comments
46 711,656.50 4,328,422.00 347 711,731.50 4,328,422.00 348 711,981.50 4,328,422.00 349 712,031.50 4,328,422.00 250 711,106.50 4,328,397.00 351 711,131.50 4,328,397.00 352 711,206.50 4,328,397.00 353 711,456.50 4,328,397.00 354 711,506.50 4,328,397.00 355 711,631.50 4,328,397.00 356 711,656.50 4,328,397.00 357 711,731.50 4,328,397.00 358 711,981.50 4,328,397.00 359 712,031.50 4,328,397.00 360 711,106.50 4,328,322.00 361 711,131.50 4,328,322.00 362 711,206.50 4,328,322.00 263 711,456.50 4,328,322.00 264 711,506.50 4,328,322.00 365 711,631.50 4,328,322.00 366 711,656.50 4,328,322.00 367 711,731.50 4,328,322.00 268 711,981.50 4,328,322.00 269 712,031.50 4,328,322.00 370 711,106.50 4,328,197.00 271 711,131.50 4,328,197.00 372 711,206.50 4,328,197.00 373 711,456.50 4,328,197.00 374 711,506.50 4,328,197.00 275 711,631.50 4,328,197.00 276 711,656.50 4,328,197.00 377 711,731.50 4,328,197.00 378 711,981.50 4,328,197.00 379 712,031.50 4,328,197.00 280 710,321.30 4,329,030.30 281 710,780.30 4,330,416.20 282 708,110.00 4,327,739.30 283 712,170.80 4,331,239.60 284 709,123.70 4,328,370.50 285 711,865.50 4,330,022.40 286 712,562.90 4,327,942.40 287 708,273.40 4,331,775.10 288 709,966.20 4,331,424.50 289 708,705.60 4,330,013.90 290 708,527.20 4,328,225.70 2
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Table 3.1 (continued)Plot
NumberPlot center
UTM easting*Plot center
UTM northing*Covertype
Samplingintensity** Comments
91 708,947.00 4,328,979.20 292 710,029.30 4,327,572.30 293 709,659.40 4,327,016.90 294 710,711.70 4,331,117.80 295 708,986.90 4,327,189.30 296 711,449.30 4,331,198.60 297 711,711.50 4,329,359.10 298 709,647.90 4,330,422.00 299 707,917.80 4,329,090.10 2
* UTM (Universal Transverse Mercator) NAD27 (projected as tower location given us byKonza) zone 14. ** Six of the 2nd-order plots will be upgraded to 1st-order plots (NPPB plots) at the time oftube installation.
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KONZ
Sampling Intensity Among Plots
According to the BigFoot sampling design, each of the 25 x 25 m plots will besampled at one of three levels of intensity:
Samplingintensity
Parameters quantified Number of plots(of 100 total
plots)3rd-order Vegetation cover, species composition, plant
biomass, leaf area index (LAI), and fractionabsorbed photosynthetic active radiation(fAPAR)
56
2nd-order 3rd-order measurements + aboveground netprimary productivity (NPPA)
38
1st-order 2nd-order measurements + aboveground netprimary productivity (NPPB)
6
Assignment of second-order plotsAll 20 of the extensive plots (plot numbers 80–99) will be assigned second-
order status. In addition, 24 of the 80 intensive plots will be assigned second-order status. These 24 second-order plots were chosen from the 80 intensiveplots in a manner that maximizes the distance among plots in an attempt tominimize autocorrelation among plots.
Assignment of first-order plotsFine root NPP will be measured on only six first-order status plots because of
the large labor costs of measuring fine root NPP. Three replicate plots in each ofthe two most abundant cover types will be sampled to estimate fine root NPP forKonza. Each first-order plot will be located in an independent vegetationcommunity (i.e., separated by at least one other community).
At the KONZ site, three first-order plots will be located in shortgrass prairieand three plots located in gallery forest. Five minirhizotrons will be installed ineach first-order plot. The plots to be selected will be unknown until the plots aresurveyed and established, which will occur in the summer of 1999.
Assignment of third-order plotsThe remaining 50 plots will be third-order status plots. The distribution of first-,
second-, and third-order plots will be 56, 38, and 6, respectively.
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KONZ
Vegetation Characteristics to be Measured
According to the BigFoot objectives it is necessary to quantify vegetationcover, LAI, fAPAR, and aboveground biomass for each 25 x 25 m plot andaboveground and belowground NPP for a subset of plots. Each of thesecharacteristics has multiple components that require separate measurement.Below is a list of the 20 vegetation characteristics to be measured (in at leastsome of the plots), followed by Table 3.2, describing the protocol for taking eachof the measurements.
Aboveground Biomass (all plots) 1. moss layer 2. understory 3. small tree wood and leaf 4. large tree wood and leaf
Belowground Biomass (1st-order plots only) 5. coarse roots 6. fine roots
Aboveground NPP (2nd- and 1st-order plots only) 7. moss production 8. understory stem production 9. small tree stem production 10. large tree stem production 11. total foliage production
Belowground NPP (1st-order plots only) 12. coarse root production 13. fine root production
Leaf Area Index and Vegetation Cover (all plots) 14. leaf area index measured optically 15. leaf area index measured using allometry (for forests only) 16. fAPAR measured optically 17. vegetation cover
Scaling parameters (sitewide averages may be adequate measured in six ofthe exterior 2nd-order plots)
18. moss mass per ground area 19. specific leaf area of dominant canopy species 20. leaf N concentration of dominant canopy species
Tab
le 3
.2. V
eget
atio
n s
amp
ling
met
ho
do
log
y fo
r K
ON
Z*
Mea
sure
men
tE
xam
ple
Met
ho
dS
ub
plo
tn
um
ber
Su
bp
lot
size
Tim
ing
Co
mm
ents
1) M
oss
mas
sF
eath
er m
oss
orsp
hagn
umN
ot s
igni
fican
t at
KO
NZ
2) U
nder
stor
ym
ass
Gra
sses
, for
bs,
and
smal
l shr
ubs
Clip
at b
ase,
dry
, and
wei
gh a
ll un
ders
tory
insu
bplo
t
100.
05 m
24
times
per
yea
rD
etai
ls r
egar
ding
the
accu
rate
annu
al s
ampl
ing
of p
rairi
e sp
ecie
sno
t yet
fully
dete
rmin
ed3)
Sm
all t
ree
mas
sS
umac
, Cor
nus,
and
sapl
ings
<2.
5 cm
DB
H**
Cou
nt s
tem
s an
d ba
sal
diam
eter
in s
ubpl
ots
and
scal
e to
tree
mas
s w
/al
lom
etric
equ
atio
ns
51–
25 m
2 dep
endi
ngon
tree
den
sity
(eno
ugh
to g
et 4
tree
s/su
bplo
t)
Mid
sum
mer
Plo
t sur
veys
in19
99 w
ill h
elp
mak
e di
stin
ctio
nbe
twee
nun
ders
tory
shru
bs a
nd s
mal
ltr
ees
4) L
arge
tree
abov
egro
und
mas
s
Oak
s, e
lms,
and
othe
r tr
ees
>2.
5 cm
dia
met
er
Plo
t-ce
nter
ed p
rism
plot
s to
cou
nt s
tem
s by
size
; ste
m c
ount
s sc
aled
to tr
ee m
ass
w/
allo
met
ric e
quat
ions
1V
aria
ble-
radi
uspr
ism
plo
tsM
idsu
mm
er
5) C
oars
e ro
otm
ass
Tre
e ro
ots
>2.
5 m
m d
iam
eter
Plo
t-ce
nter
ed p
rism
swee
p to
cou
nt s
tem
sby
siz
e; s
tem
cou
nts
scal
ed to
roo
t mas
s w
/al
lom
etric
equ
atio
ns
1V
aria
ble-
radi
uspr
ism
plo
tsM
idsu
mm
erM
etho
ds fo
rco
arse
roo
tm
easu
rem
ent i
ngr
asse
sun
dete
rmin
ed
3-15
Tab
le 3
.2 (
con
tin
ued
)M
easu
rem
ent
Exa
mp
leM
eth
od
Su
bp
lot
nu
mb
erS
ub
plo
t si
zeT
imin
gC
om
men
ts
6) F
ine
root
mas
sR
oot 2
mm
or
less
in d
iam
eter
The
insi
de o
f cle
ar tu
bes
inse
rted
into
gro
und
are
perio
dica
lly v
iew
ed w
itha
digi
tal c
amer
a. A
rea
offin
e ro
ots
seen
inim
ages
are
sca
led
tom
ass/
area
usi
nggr
avim
etric
con
stan
ts
5tu
bes
2-D
imag
e to
talin
gab
out 3
0 cm
24
times
seas
onal
lyS
ize
cuto
ff an
dsc
alin
g fa
ctor
sde
pend
on
furt
her
met
hods
deve
lopm
ent
7) M
oss
grow
thN
o si
gnifi
cant
at
KO
NZ
8) U
nder
stor
yst
em g
row
thN
ew s
tem
gro
wth
of s
mal
lpe
renn
ials
Bas
ed o
n bu
d sc
arrin
g,ne
w s
tem
gro
wth
isse
para
ted
from
the
unde
rsto
ry b
iom
ass
sam
ples
and
wei
ghed
50.
25 m
2A
fter
grow
ing
seas
on fo
rw
hich
NP
P is
calc
ulat
ed
Sam
pled
from
the
sam
e pl
ots
used
tode
term
ine
smal
ltr
ee m
ass
9) S
mal
l tre
ew
ood
NP
PA
nnua
l ste
m a
ndbr
anch
gro
wth
of
sum
ac, C
ornu
s,an
d tr
ee s
aplin
gs<
2 cm
DB
H
Rad
ial i
ncre
men
t of t
ree
dete
rmin
ed fr
om b
asal
core
s or
dis
ks;
incr
emen
t sca
led
tost
em g
row
thw
/allo
met
ric e
quat
ions
41-
25 m
2 dep
endi
ngon
tree
den
sity
(eno
ugh
to g
et 4
tree
s/su
bplo
t)
Afte
r gr
owin
gse
ason
for
whi
ch N
PP
isca
lcul
ated
Sam
pled
from
the
sam
e pl
ots
used
tode
term
ine
smal
ltr
ee m
ass
10)
Larg
e tr
eew
ood
NP
PA
nnua
l bol
e an
dbr
anch
gro
wth
of
oak,
elm
, and
othe
r tr
ees
>2
cmD
BH
Rad
ial i
ncre
men
t of
tree
s co
unte
d in
pris
mpl
ots
dete
rmin
ed fr
omco
res
take
n at
BH
;in
crem
ent s
cale
d to
stem
gro
wth
w/ p
rism
fact
or a
nd a
llom
etric
equa
tions
1V
aria
ble-
radi
uspl
ots
Afte
r gr
owin
gse
ason
for
whi
ch N
PP
isca
lcul
ated
Sam
e tr
ees
used
to d
eter
min
eab
oveg
roun
dbi
omas
s
3-16
3-17
Tab
le 3
.2 (
con
tin
ued
)M
easu
rem
ent
Exa
mp
leM
eth
od
Su
bp
lot
nu
mb
erS
ub
plo
t si
zeT
imin
gC
om
men
ts
11)
Fol
iage
NP
PLe
aves
sen
esce
dfr
om (
and
pres
umed
gro
wn
in)
cano
py o
ver
one
grow
ing
seas
on
Litte
r tr
aps
for
shru
b an
dfo
rest
eco
syst
ems;
clip
plot
s fo
r pr
airie
ecos
yste
ms
50.
25-m
2 lit
ter
trap
sLi
tter
colle
cted
over
the
grow
ing
seas
onfo
r w
hich
NP
Pis
cal
cula
ted
Det
ails
reg
ardi
ngth
e ac
cura
tesa
mpl
ing
ofpr
airie
spe
cies
not y
et fu
llyde
term
ined
12)
Coa
rse
root
NP
PA
nnua
l gro
wth
of
root
s >
2 m
mdi
amet
er
Cal
cula
ted
as a
nal
lom
etric
func
tion
ofab
oveg
roun
d st
emgr
owth
(m
eas.
no.
10)
1V
aria
ble-
radi
uspl
ots
for
tree
sA
fter
grow
ing
seas
on fo
rw
hich
NP
P is
calc
ulat
ed
Allo
met
ry fo
rsh
rub
and
fore
stec
osys
tem
s no
tre
leva
nt fo
rpr
airie
s13
) F
ine
root
NP
PR
oots
<2
mm
diam
eter
The
insi
des
of c
lear
tube
s in
sert
ed in
togr
ound
are
per
iodi
cally
view
ed w
ith a
dig
ital
cam
era;
gro
ss in
crea
sein
are
a of
fine
roo
tsse
en in
imag
es is
sca
led
to m
ass/
area
usi
ngco
nsta
nts
5tu
bes
2-D
imag
e to
talin
gab
out 3
0 cm
24
times
seas
onal
ly
14)
LAI (
optic
al)
½ to
tal l
eaf a
rea
in c
anop
y pe
r un
itgr
ound
are
a
Mea
sure
d at
poi
nts
inpl
ot u
sing
LA
I 200
0 (L
AI
com
pute
d fr
om s
unlig
htat
tenu
atio
n as
it p
asse
sth
roug
h ca
nopy
)
5P
oint
sam
ples
4 tim
esse
ason
ally
15)
LAI
(allo
met
ry)
½ to
tal l
eaf a
rea
in c
anop
y pe
r un
itgr
ound
are
a
Fol
iar
mas
s va
lues
are
scal
ed to
are
a us
ing
spec
ies-
spec
ific
spec
ific
leaf
are
a va
lues
(m
eas.
no. 1
8)
1V
aria
ble-
radi
uspl
ots
Any
tim
eF
ores
t and
shr
ubco
mm
uniti
es o
nly
3-17
Tab
le 3
.2 (
con
tin
ued
)M
easu
rem
ent
Exa
mp
leM
eth
od
Su
bp
lot
nu
mb
erS
ub
plo
t si
zeT
imin
gC
om
men
ts
16)
f AP
AR
Fra
ctio
n of
PA
Rab
sorb
ed b
yca
nopy
Mea
sure
d at
poi
nts
inpl
ot u
sing
LA
I 200
0(c
ompu
ted
from
sam
em
easu
rem
ent a
s LA
I)
5P
oint
sam
ples
4 tim
esse
ason
ally
17)
Veg
etat
ion
cove
rV
ertic
al p
roje
ctio
nof
veg
etat
ion
togr
ound
are
a
Mea
n cr
own
com
plet
enes
s us
ing
digi
tal t
rue-
colo
r ca
mer
a
51
m2
Mid
sum
mer
18)
Mos
s m
ass
per
grou
ndar
ea
No
sign
ifica
ntm
oss
com
pone
ntat
KO
NZ
19)
Spe
cific
leaf
area
Leaf
are
a pe
r un
itle
af m
ass
bysp
ecie
s
Fre
sh le
aves
are
wei
ghed
and
mea
sure
dw
ith a
leaf
are
a m
eter
Site
wid
eav
erag
es w
ill b
ede
term
ined
by
taki
ng le
afsa
mpl
es o
nly
atse
lect
ed p
lots
20)
Leaf
nitr
ogen
conc
entr
atio
n%
nitr
ogen
by
mas
s of
leav
esfr
om d
omin
ant
tree
spe
cies
Fre
sh le
aves
are
drie
d,di
gest
ed b
y K
jeld
ahl
incu
batio
n, a
ndco
lorm
etric
ally
ana
lyze
dfo
r ni
trog
en
Site
wid
eav
erag
es w
ill b
ede
term
ined
by
taki
ng le
afsa
mpl
es a
t onl
y a
few
sel
ecte
dpl
ots
* G
rass
land
plo
ts w
ill r
equi
re o
nly
a su
bset
of t
hese
mea
sure
men
ts.
*
* D
BH
= d
iam
eter
at b
reas
t hei
ght.
3-18
3-19
KONZ
Subplot Placement
The 25 x 25 m plot is the experimental unit. In our final analysis each plot willyield one value for each vegetation characteristic measured. Where appropriate,multiple fixed-area subplots will be sampled within each plot. The subplots arepositioned in the 25 x 25 m plot such that
1. they are spatially stratified throughout the plot and not clustered inone area,
2. they are simple and convenient to deploy in the field, and 3. they do not interfere with one another.
The subplots will be established in a regular pattern in each plot based on thecardinal compass directions. Figures 3.5 and 3.6 and Tables 3.3 and 3.4illustrate the protocol for placing subplots in both forested and grassland plots atKONZ.
Figure 3.5. Placement of KONZ grassland plots
0.05-m2 clip plot
LAI and vegetationcover measurementpoint
25
N
9m
3-20
Figure 3.6. Placement of KONZ forested plots
Table 3.3. Subplot placement protocol for KONZ grassland plots
Subplot Number ofsubplots
Position in 25 � 25 m plot
Vegetation clip plot 9 One clip plot near plot center and eight more9 m N, NE, E, SE, S, SW, and W, from plotcenter. These locations should be onlyapproximate so as to afford multiplesamples a year w/o clipping the same placetwice
LAI and vegetationcover sample points
5 One positioned near plot center and fourmore positioned 9 m N, S, E, and W fromplot center
Minirhizotron tubes(1st-order plots only)
5 One positioned near plot center and fourmore positioned 9 m N, S, E, and W fromplot center (or anywhere they can beinstalled)
25
N
9m
9m
Litter trap(2nd- and 1st-order plots only)
Understory clip plot
LAI and vegetation covermeasurement point
Small tree sampling andground cover plot
3-21
Table 3.4. Subplot placement protocol for KONZ forested plotsSubplot Number of
subplotsPosition in 25 � 25 m plot
Understory clip plots 5 One positioned near plot center and fourmore positioned 9 m NW, NE, SE, and SWfrom plot center
Litter traps (2nd- and1st-order plots only)
5 Placed adjacent to the understory clip plots
Small tree stem surveyplots
4 Four fixed-area subplots centered at points9 m N, S, E, and W from plot center
Variable-radius plots 1 One variable-radius plot made from plotcenter
LAI and vegetationcover sample points
5 One positioned near plot center and fourmore positioned 9 m N, S, E, and W fromplot center
Minirhizotrons(1st-order plots only)
5 Placed adjacent to the understory clip plots(or anywhere they can be installed)
3-22
KONZ
Tentative 1999 Field Calendar
Month Week Day ofyear
Measurements
July 2 185 Survey in plots and install minirhizotrons
Full field campaigns will occur in 2000 and 2001.
3-23
KONZ
Contact People
Director of Konza PrairieMr. David HartnettDirector, Konza Prairie Research Natural AreaPhone: [email protected]
Flux Tower ScientistDr. Jay HamDepartment of AgronomyKansas State UniversityManhattan, Kansas 66506Phone: [email protected]
Collaborating ScientistsDr. John BriggsKansas State UniversityManhattan, Kansas 66506Phone: [email protected]
Dr. Alan K. KnappDivision of BiologyKansas State UniversityManhattan, Kansas 66506Phone: [email protected]
Dr. John BlairDepartment of BiologyKansas State UniversityManhattan, Kansas 66506Phone: [email protected]
