CALCIUMDeena Binti Roslee

Ferunica EgingNoor Albannia Natasya

Binti JabiSuhana Binti Jaabi

WE WILL LEARN ABOUT.....• What is calcium ?• The Ca Cycle• Importance of Ca cycle• Forms of Ca in soil• Factors affecting the avaibility of Ca in soil• Sources of Ca• Forms of Ca in plant• Function of Ca in plant• Visual deficiency Symptoms

Calcium ?• Atomic number 20.• Secondary macronutrient for plant• Ca is a soft grey alkaline earth metal.• Leach able nutrient

The Ca Cycle?

• It is one of the mineral cycle in the earth• It shows how calcium is extracted from earth

and enter living organism.• It also show how it is returned to earth

Ca Cycle

Importance of Ca Cycle

• Improves water penetration• Helps to maintain chemical balance in the

soil• Reduce soil salinity • Neutralizes cell acids

Forms of Ca in Soil

• In acid, humid regions soils, Ca2+

and Al3+ dominate the CEC• The exchangeable and solutions

Ca are dynamic equilibrium and plant available forms.

Factors Affecting Avaibility of Ca in Soil

• Total Ca supply• Soil pH; when pH is higher free Ca

accumulates in the soil solution, Ca tend to form insoluble compound with P.

• CEC; higher CEC increase capacity of soil to hold Ca and therefore Higher Ca avaibility

• % of Ca+2 saturation on CEC• Type of soil clay • Ratio of solution Ca to another Cation

sources of Ca• The primary sources are liming materials

such as CaCO3, CaMg(CO3)2, and others applied to neutralize soil acidity

• Ca is present in several fertilizer materials including: triple superphosphate (12-14% Ca)

• Sedimentary rock; Gypsum, limestone, dolomite, liquid calcium

• Rock and shells in oceans floor

limestone, dolomite and gypsum

Forms of Ca in plant

• Plant absorb Ca+2 from the soil solution, where mass flow and root interception are the primary mechanisms of Ca transport to root surface.

• Ca deficiency is uncommon but can occur in highly leached, unlimited acid soils.

Function of Ca in Plant• Ca+2 is essential for translocation of

carbohydrates and nutrients• Ca+2 moved with transpiration of water in the

xylem due to mobility.• Essential for cell division and cell elongation• Strengthen cell wall structure ; it forms

calcium pectate compounds which gives stability to cell walls and bind cells together.

• Affects fruits quality.

Deficiency Generally chlorosis

Necrosis at the tip and margin of young leaves

Failure of terminal buds of shoots and apical tips of roots to

develop

Bulb and fruit abnormalities

Highly branched, short, brown root system, severe and stunted

growth

Toxicity•Difficult for other nutrients uptake due to high soil pH.

•Suffer deficiencies of other nutrients, such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, boron,copper, iron, or zinc.

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