Second National Study on Disability A new approach towards ... · Condiciones de luz natural...

Heidi Berner Herrera

Undersecretary of Social Evaluation,

Ministry of Social Development

Second National Study on DisabilityA new approach towards social inclusion

Background

• United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

(CRPD), endorsed by Chile in 2008. Article 31: “States Parties undertake to

collect appropriate information, including statistical and research data, to enable

them to formulate and implement policies to give effect to the present

Convention”.

• Law N° 20.422 (2010): Establishes norms on equal opportunities and social

inclusion of Persons with Disabilities (PwD).

• First National Study on Disability (2004), carried out by the National Disability

Agency (Senadis), a related service of the Social Development Ministry.

• Commitment of President Michelle Bachelet with civil society organizations

request to develop a Second National Study on Disability.

Disability measurement

The Second National Study on Disability (Endisc II) took into account:

• The theoretical framework and conceptual model of the International

Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) (2001).

• A set of relevant areas established by the Convention on the Rights of Persons

with Disabilities (CRPD).

• The questionnaire and measurement methodology of the Model Disability

Survey project, developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the

World Bank (WB).

• WHO provided technical support for implementation and data analysis.

Discussion and social involvement

• Dialogue with civil society representatives:

Following the requirements of Law 20.422, more than

1,700 people participated in dialogues with

organizations of and for persons with disabilities in

the 15 regions of the country, collecting specific

demands and needs of information.

• Discussion with government agencies and

Presidential Advisory Committee: In-depth review

of questions of the Model of Disability Survey by

thematic area, establishing methodological and policy

recommendations.

Survey methodology

• Sample size: 12,265 adults (aged 18 and over) and 5,515 children

(aged 2 to 17 years).

• Representative at national, regional (only for adult) and urban /

rural level.

• Sample design and fieldwork conducted by the National Statistics

Institute (INE).

• Survey carried out between June 30 and September 4, 2015 in

both urban and rural areas of 135 municipalities.

• Specific protocols for deaf persons (assistance of a sign language

interpreter).

Questionnaire

3 Different questionnaires /

3 types of respondents:

• Household

• Adults (Kish selection

method in all households)

• Children (Kish selection

method in household with members aged 2-17)

Questionnaire SubjectNumber of

items

Household

Registry 10

Education 7

Employment 9

Income 13

Housing 2

Subtotal 41

Adult

(18 and over)

Performance 47

Capacity and health condition 92

Environment 43

Participation and access to social

services 22

Subtotal 204

Children

(2 to 17)

Performance 27

Capacity and health condition 36

Environment 16

Participation and access to social

services 9

Subtotal 88

Total 333

Without

difficulty


CAPACITY SCALE

Measures the highest probable level of functioning of a person in a given domain at a given

moment, considering only his or her health condition.

Severe

difficulty

PERFORMANCE SCALE

Measures what an individual actually does in his or her current environment, considering

human and technical assistance, medication and other barriers and facilitators.

Severe difficultyWithout

difficulty


Both scales (capacity and performance) could be used to produce different

measures.

We used a two-step strategy that combines information from both scales

for public policy purposes:

1. In the first step, capacity scale is used to identify persons with

disabilities.

2. Then, performance scale is used to graduate the level of disability

Persons without disabilities

CAPACITY SCALE

Persons withdisabilities

Mild Moderate Severe

PERFORMANCE

SCALE

Main results

Taking into account both adult and child disability measures, the Second

National Study estimated a 2.836.818 population with disability (16,7%)

aged 2 and over.

Prevalence of disability in overall population

(people aged 2 and over)

14.154.519 (83,3%)

2.836.818 (16,7%)

PsSD

PeSDPersons with disabilities


10.421.238 (80,0%)

2.606.914(20,0%)

Distribution of adult population (18 and over) by disability status (2015)

PsSDPeSD

3.733.281 (94,2%)

229.904 (5,8%)

Distribution of child population (2 to 17) by disability status

PsSD PeSD

Prevalence of disability in adult and child population

Persons with disabilities


Fuente: Ministerio de Desarrollo Social, encuesta del Segundo Estudio Nacional de la Discapacidad, 2015.

Prevalence of disability by age group (2015)

(Percentage, population aged 2 and over)

5.8% 7.1%11.3%

21.7%

38.3%

16.7%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

2-17 years 18-29 years 30-44 years 45-59 years 60 years andover

Total(2 years and

over)

Prevalence of disability and disability level on adult population (18

and over), by gender (2015)

Nota: Las diferencias entre las estimaciones del porcentaje de población en situación de discapacidad por sexo (total, leve a

moderada y severa) son estadísticamente significativas a un 95% de confianza.

%

Fuente: Ministerio de Desarrollo Social, Segundo Estudio Nacional de la Discapacidad, 2015.

5.910.6 8.3

8.9

14.3

11.714,8

24,9

20,0

00

05

10

15

20

25

30

Male Female Total

Severe disability Mild to Moderate disability

(Percentage, population 18 and over)


and over), by age group (2015)

Nota: Las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas a un 95% de confianza en el porcentaje estimado de personas en

situación de discapacidad (total, leve a moderada y severa) en todos los tramos de edad, con excepción de la discapacidad

severa entre los tramos de 18 a 29 y 30 a 44 años.


%

(Población de 18 años y más por tramo de edad, porcentaje)

1.9 3.07.2

20.8

8.35.28.3

14.6

17.6

11.7

7,111,3

21,7

38,3

20,0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

18-29 years 30-44 years 45-59 years 60 years andover

Total


Nota: Se observan diferencias estadísticamente significativas a un 95% de confianza para el porcentaje estimado de personas

en situación de discapacidad (total) entre los quintiles I y III, I y IV, II y IV y entre el quintil V y el resto. En relación a la

discapacidad leve a moderada, sólo se diferencia significativamente la proporción obtenida para el quintil V del resto, mientras

que en discapacidad severa se distinguen significativamente los quintiles I y III, I y IV, II y III, II y IV y el quintil V del resto.

12.8 11.37.3 5.8 4.2

8.3

12.713.1

12.411.8

8.2

11.7

25.524.4

19.717.6

12.4

20.0

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

I II III IV V Total

PeSD severa PeSD leve a moderada


%

(Percentage, population 18 and over)



and over), by household income group (2015)

• The Second National Study on Disability contributes to social policy and

socioeconomic characterization of persons with disabilities, using a

comprehensive and rights-based methodological approach.

• Among its main strengths are:

✓ Analyzes disability as a continuum, classifying the entire population in

continuous scales (0 to 100) related to ICF concepts of capacity and

performance.

✓ Reveals the presence of mild and moderate disability situations, that are

not captured by standard questions included in censuses or household

surveys.

✓ Uses specific questions to measure child disability (2 to 17 years), fitted

to age and child development.

✓ Considers the effect of environmental factors as barriers or facilitators.

✓ Provides detailed information for monitoring the CRPD and asess

socioeconomic, gender and age gaps between persons with disabilities.

Summary

• Develop specific analysis and produce new data on specific

population groups, including

➢ Children

➢ Persons in institutions and collective housing

➢ Homeless people

• Analysis of the National Study on Disability data to measure

indicators of the 2030 Agenda of Sustainable Development Goal for

persons with disabilities.

• Evaluate methodological strategies to gather standardized data on

disability in household surveys.

Current challenges

Average years of schooling of adult population by

disability status and level (2015)

11.6

9.6

7.1

11.0

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

PsSD PeSD leve amoderada

PeSD severa Total

Nota: Las diferencias entre las estimaciones para las PsSD, las PeSD leve a moderada y PeSD severa son

estadísticamente significativas a un 95% de confianza.


(Población de 18 años y más por situación y grado de discapacidad, promedio de años)

Without

disabilities

Mild to

Moderate

disability

Severe

disability

Employment rate* of adult population by disability

status and levels (2015)

63,9%

51,7%

21,8%

59,0%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

PSsD PeSD leve amoderada

PeSD severa Total

Nota: Las diferencias entre las estimaciones de tasa de ocupación de PsSD y PeSD son estadísticamente significativas a un 95% de

confianza.

* Porcentaje de personas de 18 años o más que se encuentran ocupadas respecto al total de personas de 18 años o más.

Considera condición de actividad durante la semana anterior a la realización de la encuesta. El levantamiento de la encuesta se

realizó entre el 30 de junio y el 4 de septiembre de 2015. Para definiciones, ver Anexo.

Fuente: Ministerio de Desarrollo Social. Segundo Estudio Nacional de la Discapacidad. 2015.

(Población de 18 años y más por situación y grado de discapacidad, porcentaje)

Without

disabilities

Mild to

Moderate

disability

Severe

disability

Percentage of population who felt discriminated during

the last 12 months by disability status and level.

Nota: Las diferencias entre las estimaciones para las PsSD, las PeSD leve a moderada y las PeSD severa son

estadísticamente significativas a un 95% de confianza.


10.3%

18.9%

31.1%

13.0%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

PsSD PeSD leve a moderada PeSD severa TotalWithout

disabilities

Mild to

Moderate

disability

Severe

disability


Distribution of population with disabilities according to

his or her perception of environmental factors

(facilitators / neutral / barriers)*

* Los factores ambientales se clasifican como: “Facilitador” cuando la persona declara que el factor consultado le facilita su

desempeño; “Neutro” si la persona reporta que el factor consultado ni le facilita, ni le dificulta la realización de actividades; y

“Barrera” en el caso que la persona indica que el factor dificulta la realización de actividades.

78.1

59.2

77.1

69.9

68.5

63.7

63.5

51.0

66.8

54.4

43.4

50.6

12.7

27.8

9.1

14.7

13.8

17.4

16.0

26.0

8.7

12.8

18.8

11.6

9.2

13.0

13.8

15.4

17.8

18.9

20.5

23.0

24.5

32.8

37.8

37.9

Condiciones de luz natural

Lugares de culto

Vivienda

Lugar de trabajo

Entorno natural (terreno y clima)

Tiendas y comercios

Niveles de ruido

Espacios públicos

Establecimiento educacional

Servicios de salud

Aglomeraciones de gente

Sistema de transporte público

Facilitador Neutro Barrera

Public transport

Crowds of people

Health services

Schools

Public spaces

Noise

Commerce

Natural environment

Working places

Housing

Church and worship places

Natural lighting conditions

Facilitator Neutral Barrier

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