Scope Of Farm Mechanization

Presented By : Muhammad Junaid Riaz.Roll Number : BSAR12-18.

Farm Mechanization

• Farm mechanization means the use of machines and technology in the agriculture sector.

• The use of tractor, tube-wells and plant protection measures are included in the farm mechanization.

• So, in the farm mechanization the use of machinery is greater as compared to the labour.

In Ancient Times

•Every single second was spent worrying about your next meal.•If you wanted to eat you either had to go out & kill it or go out & gather it.•Nature provided caves for shelter & wood for fire.•Wild animals provided meat for food & their hide was used for clothing purpose.

Introduction of Agriculture

• With the introduction of agriculture in the World there were lot of problems.

• The need of the time was to over-come those problems.

• Because the lands were in a random form with no proper arrangements for sowing of crops.

Lands With No Proper Arrangements

Start of Tilling of Lands

• Then according to needs & requirements.• Man started tilling of agricultural lands.• The instruments used at that time were quite

simple.• All the instruments used were hand made or

modified in some shape for convenience.

Introduction of Modern Agriculture

• With the introduction of modern agriculture, lands were started tilling in well definite shapes & forms.

• The implements used were tractors as well as other simple implements.

• The tractors tilled the land followed by different kinds of plough and cut, invert or pulverized the soil & then beds were made on that land according to the requirements of the crop.

• All these modifications in other words came due to FM.

A Well Prepared Piece of Land

Advantages of Farm Mechanization

• Improves utilization efficiency of inputs such as seeds, chemicals, fertilizers and energy.

• Ensures timeliness of farm operations leading to higher productivity and cropping intensity.

• Reduces cost of production and increases agricultural income.

• Reduces drudgery and improves safety in operation of farm machinery.

• Helps in conserving natural resources e.g. water .

Farm Mechanization: Every-whereInter cultivation

Irrigations Fertilizer Application Harvesting Post

HarvestingSowing, Planting

Tillage & Seed bed preparation

Plant Protection

Mechanized Solutions For Whole Chain

Mechanization is clearly the answer to key performance parameter at every stage of cropping cycle

Fallow Land Cultivation

Scope of Farm Mechanization in Pakistan

Use of cultivable waste land. Overcome of water Problems. Timely operations. Labor problems. Electrification of farms. Productivity enhancement. Tractors. Land leveling. Weed eradication.

Present Condition …• The technological improvements in agriculture since mid sixties

have brought about revolutionary increase in agricultural production.

• Interestingly, the growth rate of food-grain production particularly in case of wheat and rice is much higher now-a-days then past.

• The country was facing acute food shortages in the past but now has become not only self-sufficient but also a net exporter of food-grains.

• This has been made possible due to introduction of high yielding crop varieties, increased use of chemical fertilizers, development of irrigation facilities and plant protection measures.

Over-all Scope of FM

• Farm mechanization has been helpful to bring about a significant improvement in agricultural productivity.

• Thus, there is strong need for mechanization of agricultural operations.

• The factors that justify the strengthening of farm mechanization in the country can be numerous.

• The timeliness of operations has assumed greater significant in obtaining optimal yields from different crops, which can be made possible by ways of FM.

Example About Scope of FM

• For instance, the sowing of wheat in Punjab is done up to the first fortnight of November.

• A delay beyond this period by every one week leads to about 1.50 quintals per acre decrease in the yield.

• This is also correct in the case of other crops and for other farm operations like hoeing, irrigation, harvesting, threshing and marketing which needs to be performed at appropriate time otherwise the yield and farm income is affected adversely.

Over-all Scope of FM

• Normally, there are good chances to reduce the cost of production if farm operations are mechanized as it saves labor, both human and bullock.

• In the absence of mechanization, the ever-increasing wages rate of human labor and cost of upkeep of draught animals could have increased the cost of production much higher.

• Further, large scale production means less per unit cost on the farms.

• Moreover, it reduces the risk of non-availability of labor and thus wastage is minimized.

• Timely marketing is also made possible by quick mechanical transportation, cleaning and handling.

Continued …

• The use of farm mechanization enlarges the employment opportunities both on farms and in non-farming sectors through increase in area under plough, multiple cropping, development of agro-industries and related services.

• Also, the drudgery for human labor is reduced and unhygienic operations such as handling of farm yard manure can be done with machinery.

Revolutions Introduced by FM

• Although mechanization has introduced lot of revolutions in the present age which have proven to be useful at every stage of crop.

• If we simply take tractors only under concern then we will come to know about its various types according to specific operations.

• Other than this different kinds of tertiary tillage operations performing machines have also been introduced.

Estimated Contributions From FM

• Savings in Seeds : 15-20% • Savings in Fertilizers : 15-20%• Increase in Cropping Intensity : 5-20%• Savings in Time : 20-30% • Reduction in Manual Labor : 20-30%• Over-all Increase in Farm Productivity: 10-15%

Conclusions

• In the light of all the points mentioned above it is clear that FM plays an important role in the healthy crop stand and in getting production to a beneficial level.

• Yet the need of the time is to over-come the constraints of FM which are acting as a hindrance in its path.

• This can only be achieved by the co-operation of Govt. & Private Institutes by making excellent policies for the future.

Thankx