Susceptibilities of Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma dispar, and
Scientific Presentation Template - ett.fi · PDF file― Sun Tzu, The Art of War Mycoplasma...
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Mycoplasma bovis
Silent and Deadly
Roger Ayling, PhD, FSB
Mycoplasma bovis: Silent and Deadly – The Enemy
“If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred
battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also
suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in
every battle.” ― Sun Tzu, The Art of War
Mycoplasma species
• The Organisms
• The Diseases
• In Cattle
• Diagnosis
• Mycoplasma bovis, prevalence, defences, molecular types
• Control - antimicrobials
Mycoplasma species
The simplest forms of life
• Smallest organisms that are capable
of self-replication
• Bacteria
• Scientists use Mycoplasmas to
understand:
“The Minimal Cell” - What is required
for life.
Create life ????
Mycoplasma (class Mollicutes)
The Organism
More than 125 named Mycoplasma species.
Generally host-specific, few opportunist zoonoses.
Small: cell = 300-800nm; genomes = 0.58-1.38Mbp
Nutritionally fastidious, dependent on host.
TCA cycle is absent, can not synthesise own amino acids,
nucleotides or fatty acids.
Lack a cell wall.
Mycoplasma (class Mollicutes)
Genome sequencing
Year genes bases
M. genitalium 1995 483 5.6 X 105 bp
M. pneumoniae 1990-1996 688
Ureaplasma 1998 613
M. pulmonis 2001 782
M. penetrans 2002 1038
M. gallisepticum 2003 742
M. mycoides SC 2004 985
M. hyopneumoniae 2004 692
M. mobile 2004 635
M. synoviae 2005 687
M. capricolum 2005 862
M. agalactiae 2007 751
M. bovis 2008 868 1.0 X 106 bp
Haemophilus influenzae 1995 1703
E. coli 1997 4000
Man 2003 ~25,000 3.3 X109 bp
Bovine mycoplasmas
M. mycoides subsp. mycoides (small colony type) -causes contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP)
Respiratory
Mastitis
Eye Infections
Joint
Reproductive
Otitis / Meningitis
Anaemia, Oedema
Other
M. bovis, M. dispar, M. leachii (bovine group 7), (M.
alkalescens, M. bovirhinis, M. bovigenitalium, M. canis,
Ureaplasma diversum).
M. bovis, M. alkalescens, M. canadense, M. californicum M.
(Eperythrozoon) wenyonii.
M. bovis, M. bovoculi, (M. bovigenitalium, M. bovirhinis,
Acholeplasma spp.).
M. bovis, M. wenyonii.
M. bovis, M. bovigenitalium, M. wenyonii, Ureaplasma
diversum, Ureaplasma urealyticum.
M. bovis.
M. wenyonii.
M. alvi, M. arginini, M. capricolum subsp. capricolum, M.
mycoides LC/capri, M. verecundum.
Contagious Bovine
Pleuropneumonia (CBPP)
Former OIE List A disease
• CBPP disease was possibly described as early
as 4th Century
• CBPP eliminated from USA in 1892; UK in 1898
and Mainland Europe in 1999.
• The organism Mycoplasma mycoides subsp.
mycoides (small colony type) first grown in
1898 (Nocard and Roux).
Pathological Diagnosis -
CBPP
Sequestra
(subacute/
chronic lesion)
Thickening of
interlobular septa
giving ‘marbled’
appearance
(acute lesion)
Clinical / Pathological Diagnosis -
Mycoplasma bovis
Calf pneumonia
Arthritis
Mastitis
Meningitis/head tilt
Infectious keratoconjunctivitis
Bovine Lungs
Mycoplasma bovis
Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides
(small colony type)
Lung usually unilaterally affected
Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia
(CBPP) – Exotic to Europe
Bovine Respiratory Disease
(BRD)
Viral: IBR: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitus
RSV: Respiratory syncitial virus
PI3: Parainfluenza 3
BVD: Bovine viral diarrhoea
Bacterial: Mannheimia haemolytica
Pasteurella multocida
Histophilus somni
Mycoplasma bovis
Other Mycoplasma species