Scientific 3D Printing with GRASS GIS (FOSSGIS 2014)
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Transcript of Scientific 3D Printing with GRASS GIS (FOSSGIS 2014)
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Scientific 3D Printing with GRASS GISA Work in Progress Report
Dr. Peter Löwe
FOSSGIS 20142014-03-20
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In a nutshell
• Interfacing GRASS GIS with 3D print workflows can bedone with the current GRASS modules.
• Prediction: Easy to use GRASS extensions for 3D printing will come soon.
• Scientific 3D prints extend „flat“ 2D sciencecommunication
• Decelerated haptic data access (no-display-needed)
• But there‘s more to it…
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Communicating scientific findings
The challenge:
• Picturing scientific data in one’s mind
• Communicating this vision to someone else
The need:
A tangible representation of scientific results.
1492 Today Future
?
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„The future is here“ (again)
The potential of „3D printing“ as featured in the news:
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„The future is here“ (again)
The potential of „3D printing“ as featured in the news:
• Guns !
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„The future is here“ (again)
The potential of „3D printing“ as featured in the news:
• Guns !
• Human body parts !
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„The future is here“ (again)
The potential of „3D printing“ as featured in the news:
• Guns !
• Human body parts !
• Clothes !
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„The future is here“ (again)
The potential of „3D printing“ as featured in the news:
• Guns !
• Human body parts !
• Clothes !
• Candy !
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„The future is here“ (again)
The potential of „3D printing“ as featured in the news:
• Guns !
• Human body parts !
• Clothes !
• Candy !
• Space Exploration !
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3D Printing, the Gartner hype cycle, and science
http://surveys.peerproduction.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/GoogleTrendsGartnerHypeCycle.png
3D Printing
2014
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3D Printing, the Gartner hype cycle, and science
http://surveys.peerproduction.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/GoogleTrendsGartnerHypeCycle.png
3D Printing
2014
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3D Printing, the Gartner hype cycle, and science
http://surveys.peerproduction.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/GoogleTrendsGartnerHypeCycle.png
3D Printing
2014
• Handpieces for science
communication
• among scientists
• towards the generalpublic
• Showpieces for
exhibitions / trade fairs
• Condensed informationon content and quality
• <your application goeshere>
but
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3D printing for science communication:
The larger picture
Technical Printing Process
Metadata Management
Scientific
Data3D
Scientist
Science
Communication
Target group
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The Scientific Library perspective – Why bother ?
• This is part of an emerging trend affecting (Geo-) Science and
Research, Libraries and the FOSS Communities.
• Identification, citation and preservation of scientific content needed.
• A tide of „born digital“ specimen, like 3D prints, is coming.
• Persistant identifiers are being introduced for scientific articles, data
and software – and 3D prints, e.g: Digital Object Identifiers (DOI).
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Libraries handle nontextual materials– including globes.
Gravity-Field-Globe ? 3D printed
Globe
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Nontextual materials: Past and present
The preservation of scientific dataspecimen is already part of research:
"Der Heidelberger Karl-Theodor-Globus von 1751 bis 2000Vergangenes mit gegenwärtigen Methoden für die Zukunft bewahren"
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Linking research articles, data and 3D objects:Important for researchers … and research-based libraries
Digital ObjectIdentifier (DOI)
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Technische Informations Bibliothek (TIB)
German National Library of Science and Technology
Global supplier for scientific and technical information
Traditional text-based documents
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GetInfo Portal
• 57 Mio. metadata indexed with access to the fulltext (document
delivery, national licences, pay-per-view)
• 160 Mio. documents available via metasearch
TIB – German National Library of Science and Technology - Today
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Strategy – Move beyond text
Simulation Simulation
Scientific FilmsScientific Films
3D Objects3D Objects
Text Text
Research DataResearch Data
Software Software
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• Worldwide first Digital Object Identifier (DOI) registration agency for
datasets (since 2005)
TIB – German National Library of Science and Technology - DOI
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The road ahead– the research library perspective
Ultimate Goal:Interlinking and Search Across All Types of Digital Assets.
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3D printing for
science communication: GRASS GIS angle
Technical Printing Process
Metadata Management
Scientific
Data3D
Scientist
Science
Communication
Target group
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GRASSGIS
Technical overview
Data
Technical Printing Process3D
PrintScientific
Data
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GRASSGIS
Technical overview
Data
Technical Printing Process3D
PrintScientific
Data
3D preprint:vtk, etc.
png/pdf
3D preprints - just a gdal/ogr extension ?
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GRASSGIS
Technical overview
Data
Technical Printing Process3D
PrintScientific
Data
3D preprint:vtk, etc.
png/pdf
3D preprints - just a gdal/ogr extension ?
Thematic generalisation is needed: r3.modules
Thematic generalisation
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Technical overview:Current situation
Data
v.in.ogrr.in.gdal
Technical Printing Process3D
PrintScientific
Data
r.to.rast3 r3.mapcalc r3.out.vtk
new modules new modules
IngestVolume
generation
Volumeprocessing
Export
new modules
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Wanted: 3D print workflow trailblazers !
• Volume generalisation with r3.x-modules requires currently
these skills:
• Science Interpreter/Communicator: „What message to
convey ?“
• Technical/Software: create workflows in r3.mapcalc, script
these
• Admin/Pioneer: be able to install patches for GRASS7 due
to bugs (volume-related), help improve code maturity
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Example: Thematic generalisation with r3.mapcalc
• Task: Separation of geologic volumes along complex faults („cutting pane“)
• Requirement: Volume hulls must be continuous (no holes).
• Solution: „Growing“ of fault lines into cutting panes with r3.mapcalc.
Geologicstratum
Faults
Tricky
part
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Multiple linked learning processes
Initial GIS-driven
experiments
GIS workflow
development
GIS modularisation
Stakeholders
Printing
Process
Expertise
INAFAstrophysics Institute,
Rome
FabLab„Wissenschaftsladen“
PotsdamMaterials
Hardware
Data Sources
TsunamiSimulations
2D
Data(Elevation
Models)
3D Data (Geological
models,soil
penetratingradar)
Software
Workflows and Services
TIB Hannover
GFZ Potsdam
Osaka City University
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Processing: Software tools and formats
GRASS 7
Paraview
PreprintRapManPrinter
GeologicModels
Geodata
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Hardware example:RapMan 3.2 3D printer
Multi-colored ABS and
PLA materials
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RapMan 3.2: Reality check
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RapMan 3.2: Reality check
MarcelLudwig
Resident 3D printing expert
at GFZ Potsdam
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RapMan 3.2: Reality check
MarcelLudwig
Resident 3D printing expert
at GFZ Potsdam
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RapMan 3.2: Reality check
RawMaterial
ControlUnit
Print head, cooling fan
Print in progress
MarcelLudwig
Resident 3D printing expert
at GFZ Potsdam
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Close-Up: Actual printing
Printhead
Internalsupport
structure
Externalsupport
structure
3D printingin progress
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Application examples
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Elevation models
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More elevation models
Mekong River Catchment
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More elevation models
Mekong River Catchment
Olympus Mons, Mars
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More elevation models
Mekong River Catchment
Brukkaros Mountain, Namibia
Olympus Mons, Mars
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More elevation models
Mekong River Catchment
Brukkaros Mountain, Namibia
Olympus Mons, Mars
It glows in the dark !
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Mars north polar cap / satellite-based ground penetrating Radar
Radar
Alessandro Frigeri, INAF, 2012
Images: GFZ Potsdam,
INAF
Complexunderside
Planet Mars:
North Polar Cap
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Layer stacks of 3D bodies (Geology)
Images: GFZ Potsdam
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Close-up: Geologic volume stack example
Images: GFZ Potsdam
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Complex data sets: Tsunami propagation space-time-cubes
• Space Time Cube
(STC) of tsunami
wave propagation.
• Complex wave
propagation in time
and space.
• Allows visual model
quality assessment.
• Produced by GFZ
Potsdam in 2012.
• On permanent
display at the Osaka
City University (2014)
3D Print
TsunamiModel
Time
Lon/Lat
Tohoku
ShorelinePacific
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Recap: But there‘s more to it..
• Interfacing GRASS GIS with 3D print workflows can already done withthe current GRASS modules.
• Prediction: Easy to use GRASS extensions for 3D printing will come soon.
• Scientific 3D Prints extend „flat“ 2D science communication
• Decelerated haptic data access (no-display-needed)
• Large potential for science communication
• The bigger picture of Open Science: Open Data, Open Source, DOI
• Thematic generalisation via r3.x – modules.
• Much more coming
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Freely available geologic data sources ?
The situation is improving
http://opendtect.org/