Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in...
-
Upload
verity-lang -
Category
Documents
-
view
226 -
download
0
Transcript of Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in...
![Page 1: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Scaling Up SRIThe Need for a Major Strategic Shift for
Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India
Dr. Biksham GujjaPolicy Advisor,Global Freshwater ProgrammeGland, Switzerland
5th October 2007, Agartala, Tripura
![Page 2: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Water: A global challenge
• 1.1 billion people presently without
safe water supply• 2.4 billion people without sanitation• 3-10 million deaths from waterborne
diseases• Ecosystem are being rapidly destroyed• Most species-rich ecosystems are in
the greatest danger and decline
![Page 3: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
A water-scarcity crisis
• 70% agriculture
• 20% industry
• 10% urban use
Eradicating malnutrition by 2025, with current productivity, would require additional diversions of water “close to all the water withdrawals at present”, according to IMWI & SIWI
WWF LPR 2002
![Page 4: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Percentage of area under irrigation in A.P.
Percentage of area of irrigation for Ten crops
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
1998-99 1999-2000 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03
Year
Per
cen
tag
e (%
)
Rice
Sugarcane
Groundnut
Cotton
Maize
Chillies
Turmeric
Coconut
Tobacco
Onions
Jowar
![Page 5: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Water Conflicts in India
• Driving water demand• Rural areas are dumping grounds• Water conflicts are simmering and
occasionally erupt in violence
![Page 6: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Last three years… WWF getting infected!!
• Evaluating SRI and establishing that it really works• Excitement over large numbers of tillers and grains• Some indication of significant water-saving potential• Some adoption by farmers,
but still not widespread
![Page 7: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
SRI: From Hyderabad to Agartala?
• Lot of awareness among politicians, farmers, others• Civil society and government collaboration• SRI practiced in almost all the states to some extent• Some solid research is being done• Independent confirmation• Tripura has progressed
with clear targets
![Page 8: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SRI: From Hyderabad to Agartala?
• Still at national level, very small percentage of area covered• Major rice-growing states are not able to push SRI to the
greater extent• Water-saving has not been clearly measured and quantified• Still some scientists and professionals are critical• Some have gotten infected, but
SRI is not spreading fast enough,
and even some are dis-infected!
![Page 9: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SRI presents an opportunity, but major challenges lie ahead
• Informing the rice research establishment
• Proper information and extension
• Research, monitoring and evaluation
• Modifications to irrigation infrastructure
• Assured power supply enabling farmers
to manage their crop with less total water
• Potential link to climate change documented
• Partnerships of many kinds to be formed
![Page 10: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Rice Yield (t/ha) in India District-wise during 2004-05
![Page 11: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
India – China Comparison for Rice Area and Production
India - China Comparison Graph for Rice, Paddy Area and Production
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001
Year
Production (1000Mt) India Production (1000Mt) China Area Harv (1000Ha) India Area Harv (1000Ha) China
![Page 12: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
India – China Comparison for Rice Paddy Yield
India - China Comparison Graph for Rice, Paddy Yield
0
1
2
34
5
6
7
1961 1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001
Year
Yie
ld (
t/h
a)
Yield (t/ha) India Yield (t/ha) China
![Page 13: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Mini-mission good start, but not ambitious enough??
• 11 mt increase by 2012• Goal of improving productivity on 20 m.ha. by 500 kg/ha –
is this enough?• Allocation of Rs. 12,000 crores (Rs. 2,500/ha -- US$ 700)• SRI is one of the most promising interventions, but
how to be spread?
what to be done?
where? and with
whom?
![Page 14: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Targets for infection…20 (or 10) by 2020 for 200
• 20 m.ha under SRI management by 2020• To produce 200 mt of paddy• Rs. 20,000 crores investment• Cost: Rs.2,500/t production, or Rs.1,300/y/5y• Average: 5 t/ha with irrigation; with SRI, 6 t/ha• Can India achieve this??
• India needs a big, ambitious and practical approach. The question is HOW??
![Page 15: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Conclusions
• Need major strategic shift• Very ambitious mission• Rs. 20,000 for five years • Direct support to farmers• Target of 200 mt increase• Save 100 billion cubic m. water• SRI one option, but a major one• Save money and ecosystems
![Page 16: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Some Publications on SRI
![Page 17: Scaling Up SRI The Need for a Major Strategic Shift for Ecologically Sustainable Rice Production in India Dr. Biksham Gujja Policy Advisor, Global Freshwater.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081506/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea69/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Thank You
Let’s Achieve Quickly
“More Rice Per Drop”