SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

Safety Culture Oversight – Finnish Approach

Technical Meeting on the Interaction between Individuals, Technology and Organization –

A Systemic Approach to Safety in Practice 10-13 June 2014

Session: Proactive Systemic Activities

Mari Nykänen

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SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

Content

• Finnish Legislation

• Finnish Framework for Safety, Security and Safeguards

• Finnish Regulatory Body (STUK) Oversight Practices

• Development of HOF Oversight - SAFIR

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SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

• When designing, constructing, operating and decommissioning a nuclear power plant, a good safety culture shall be maintained

• Safety should be given the first priority in all activities

• The decisions and activities of the management of all organizations participating in the above mentioned activities shall reflect its commitment to safety-promoting operating methods and solutions

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Safety Culture in the Legislation: Government Decree 717/2013, 28§

• Personnel shall be motivated to perform responsible work and

an open working atmosphere shall be promoted in the working community to encourage the identification, reporting and elimination of factors endangering safety

• Personnel shall be given the opportunity to contribute to the continuous enhancement of safety

SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

• The management system shall support positive characteristics of the organizational culture that promote safety – motivate the achievement of safety and quality objectives by the personnel

– topmost management and personnel committed to safety

– open atmosphere, foster questioning attitude

– safety is considered comprehensively and is continuously improved in a target-oriented and systematic way

– actions prioritized based on their safety significance

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Regulatory Requirements for Safety Culture – Guide YVL A.3 1/3

SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

• The concept of safety culture shall be made concrete – communicated so that all employees share a common

understanding of safety culture and its most important attributes

– everyone has capability to identify, in general and in own work, factors that strengthen and weaken safety and safety culture

– the importance of safety culture shall be continuously discussed and strengthened with regular communication

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Regulatory Requirements for Safety Culture – Guide YVL A.3 2/3

SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

• The management system shall have procedures by means of which the management is aware of the state of safety culture and any changes therein – Safety culture, its strengths, weaknesses and development needs shall

be identified

• The organization's management shall have available safety-culture expertise

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Regulatory Requirements for Safety Culture – Guide YVL A.3 3/3

SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

STUK Mission and 3S

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“Protecting people, society, the environment and future generations from the harmful effects of ionizing radiation”

Safety

Security Safeguards

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RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY 8

Framework for Organizational Issues

LICENSEE PERFORMANCE

RESOURCES & COMPETENCE

LEADERSHIP & MANAGEMENT

SAFETY CULTURE

Personnel, skills, training, physical frames, money, equipment, time = the ”starting material”

Enterprice resource management, organizing and relationships of responsibility, change management, network management

non conformances, events etc.

Leadership culture and climate, communication, the priority of safety, people management, manners and traditions, concept of man, risk awareness

SAFETY (3S)

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Documents, instructions, routines, structures (decision making, groups for defined activities....)

SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

• Oversight activities in general

– Inspection activities on site and off-site

– Observation and surveillance of licensee performance at the site

– Review and assessment work

– Operating experience, reporting

– Interactions with the licensee (meetings, audits, training..)

– Oversight of the implementation of projects, modifications, outages

• Periodic inspection programme

– One inspection specifically focusing on Leadership and Safety Culture

– Tool (KOTKA) to collect and analyse findings on selected areas in all inspections

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STUK Oversight Practices

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RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

Organizational Factors in Oversight

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espoused beliefs

and values

artefacts

basic

assumptions (Schein 2004)

Handling of non-conformances

Personnel planning

Communication Processes

KOTKA

SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

Example: Organizational Factors Summary

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Handling of

NC´s

Personnel

planning

Communica

tion Processes

KTO A1 ei tarkastettu punainen ei tarkastettukeltainen

KTO A2 ei tarkastettu keltainen ei tarkastettukeltainen

KTO A3 ei tarkastettu keltainen ei tarkastettukeltainen

KTO B1 ei tarkastettu vihreä ei tarkastettuei tarkastettu

KTO B2 ei tarkastettu vihreä vihreä keltainen

KTO B3 vihreä keltainen ei tarkastettuei tarkastettu

KTO B4 ei tarkastettu vihreä ei tarkastettuvihreä

KTO C1 vihreä keltainen ei tarkastettuei tarkastettu

KTO C2 ei tarkastettu ei tarkastettu ei tarkastettuei tarkastettu

KTO C3 ei tarkastettu keltainen ei tarkastettukeltainen

KTO C4 ei tarkastettu ei tarkastettu ei tarkastettuei tarkastettu

KTO C5 ei tarkastettu vihreä ei tarkastettupunainen

KTO C6 ei tarkastettu ei tarkastettu ei tarkastettuei tarkastettu

KTO C7 ei tarkastettu keltainen keltainen ei tarkastettu

KTO C8 ei tarkastettu keltainen keltainen punainen

KTO D1 vihreä keltainen ei tarkastettuei tarkastettu

KTO D2 keltainen vihreä vihreä keltainen

KTO D3 keltainen punainen keltainen vihreä

KTO D4 punainen keltainen vihreä keltainen

KTO E1 ei tarkastettu vihreä vihreä ei tarkastettu

KTO E2 ei tarkastettu keltainen keltainen ei tarkastettu

KTO F1 ei tarkastettu vihreä keltainen ei tarkastettu

Handling of non-conformances

Inspection areas: •The non-conformances reported in audit

reports and the way of handling and closing

them (how are the personnel in the audited

organization involved, how do they get feed

back about the audit results) in the process or

activity inspected.

•The handling of STUK requirements

Evaluation criteria:

Red = The organization has not reacted on

requirements/non-conformances at all or

insufficiently. An important issue has not been

dealt with at all.

Yellow = The organization has partly reacted

on requirements/ non-conformances; the most

important issues has been dealt with.

Green = The organization has dealt with the

requirements/ non-conformances extensively.

SÄTEILYTURVAKESKUS • STRÅLSÄKERHETSCENTRALEN

RADIATION AND NUCLEAR SAFETY AUTHORITY

Development of HOF Oversight - SAFIR The Finnish Research Programme on Nuclear Power Plant Safety

Research projects concentrating on Human and Organizational issues

MANSCU: Managing Safety Culture throughout the Lifecycle of Nuclear Plants

SAFEX: Sustainable and Future Oriented Expertise

SISIANS: Signalled and Silenced Aspects of Nuclear Safety

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One outcome e.g. the DISC-model

(Design for Integrated Safety Culture)

that describes the criteria for a good

safety culture and the organizational

functions necessary to develop a good

safety culture in the organization.

(VTT: Oedewald, Reiman, Pietikäinen)

http://virtual.vtt.fi/virtual/safir2014