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Introduction to the seven elements of effective

Safety & Health Management

H azardIden tifica tion

A ccountab ilityC om m itm ent

E va lua tion

Invo lvem en t

A cciden t Investiga tion T ra in ing

Welco

me!

OR-OSHA 100

0102

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Goals

1. Understand the basics of a safety management system.

2. Identify the seven core elements of an effective safety and health program.

3. Describe the key processes in each program element.

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1. Management Commitment2. Accountability3. Employee Involvement4. Hazard Identification & Control5. Incident/Accident Investigation6. Training7. Plan Evaluation

The OR-OSHA Safety & Health Program Model

Seven Elements

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Inputs = Resources

Processes = Activities

Outputs = Conditions, Behaviors, Results

Safety & Health Management System

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“Every system is designed perfectly to produce what it’s producing”

What does th

is mean?

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What might be the result if a safety plan is poorly written or not effectively implemented?

Where do we look for clues that safety system design and/or implementation are flawed?

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ELEMENT 1 – TOP MANAGEMENT COMMITMENT

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What motivates management to “do” safety?

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What is Top Management Commitment?

T M C Expression of leadership

ime oney oncern

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What has management done to demonstrate commitment at your workplace? Time, money, communications = TMC

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What can we do to get management commitment?

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Direct Costs

Indirect CostsWhat do

accidents cost your

company?

Unknown Costs

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What injuries are causing the most claims in Oregon?

Average Cost For Disabling Claims By Event or Exposure

- Costs

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Safety Pays! OSHA Advisor

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Proactive Programs Reactive Programs

They don’tcare...

They careabout me!

Proactive Vs. Reactive Safety & Health Management

What's proactive? What's reactive?

What programs are emphasized?

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ELEMENT 2 -

ACCOUNTABILITY

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Six essential elements of an effective accountability system

1. Established formal standards of behavior and performance.

2. Resources provided to meet those standards.

3. An effective system of measurement.

4. Application of effective consequences.

5. Appropriate application of consequences.

6. Evaluation of the accountability system.

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Management/Employee Accountability

Manager Accountabilities

Employee Accountabilities

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Why does the employer have more accountabilities than the employee? Is that fair?

What’s with that?

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Before pointing the finger of blame, make sure management all obligations to the employee have been fulfilled.

How are employees held accountable in your workplace?

When is a supervisor justified in disciplining?

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ELEMENT 3 -

EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT

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Group exercise: Discuss ways your employer uses (or could use) to increase involvement in the safety committee and other activities.

Choose one of the above ideas and discuss those methods and procedures that help ensure its success.

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What is the purpose of your safety committee?

Our safety committee intends to…

What role does your safety committee play?

My safety committee performs the role of a/an…

Involvement in the Safety Committee

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What can the safety committee do to increase employee involvement in safety?

What can the safety committee do to help the employer manage safety programs?

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ELEMENT 4 –

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL

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An U

C

and it’s P !

that could

cause an I

to an E .

P

I

(Extra Credit)

or

or

What is a "hazard?"

nsafe

ondition

ractice

njury

llness

mployee

reventable

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Hazard analysis is smart business!

What are the advantages of conducting hazard analysis vs. accident investigation?

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ME

E

P

What are the four categories of hazards in the workplace?

aterials

nvironment

eople

quipment

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Hazardous conditions or unsafe work practices:

Which results in more accidents?

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Any hazards or unsafe behaviors here?

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Engineering Controls

Management Controls

PersonalProtectiveEquipment

Hierarchy of Controls

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What control measures might work to correct these hazardous conditions and unsafe behaviors.

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ELEMENT 5 -

INCIDENT/ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION

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What is an “accident?”

Why do we “investigate” accidents?

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How does your perception of a particular hazard change with daily exposure to that hazard?

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Why are some accident reports ineffective?

Why might it be dangerous to assume someone has "common sense"?

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Be ready when accidents happen

1. Write a clear policy statement.

2. Identify those authorized to notify outside agencies (fire, police, etc.)

3. Designate those responsible to investigate accidents.

4. Train all accident investigators.

5. Establish timetables for conducting the investigation and taking corrective action.

6. Identify those who will receive the report and take corrective action.

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No recognition planInadequate training plan

No accountability policy No inspection policy

No discipline procedures

No orientation process

Inadequate training

Fails to enforceLack of time

No recognition

CutsBurns

La

ck

of

vis

ion

Strains

No

mis

sio

n s

tate

me

nt

Dig up the root causes of injuries and illnesses

Conditions

Behaviors

Surface Causes

Root Causes

Direct Causes of Injury

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The causes of Injury, Illness and Accidents

1. Direct Cause of Injury

2. Surface Causes of the Accident

3. Root Causes of the Accident

- Accident Causes

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The six-step process

Step 1. Secure the accident scene

Step 2. Collect facts about what happened

Step 3. Develop the sequence of events

Step 4. Determine the causes

Step 5. Recommend improvements

Step 6. Write the report

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Three phases of analysis

• Injury analysis

• Event analysis

• Systems analysis

Why?

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ELEMENT 6 -EDUCATION AND TRAINING

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Education tells Why

Training shows How

Experience improves skills

Accountability sustains behavior

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Give examples of effective safety training.

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How do you know safety training is effective?

Training is worthless without accountability

Training is worthless without accountability

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Safety training steps

1. Preparation

2. Presentation

3. Involvement

4. Follow-up

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ELEMENT 7 -PLAN EVALUATION

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• Last and first phase of planning cycle

• Assess, analyze, evaluate, both labor and management

• Use outside experts

• Not a one person job - delegate monitoring responsibilities

• Establish procedures for change - an action plan

• Measure activity and results

• Make effective recommendations

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Before you run, time to review!