The Muslim Empires: The Ottomans, the Safavids, and the Mughals
Safavids, Mughals, and Ottomans
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Transcript of Safavids, Mughals, and Ottomans
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Safavids, Mughals, and Ottomans
AP WORLD HISTORY
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SAFAVID EMPIRE
Length- 1501-1722Geography- Iran
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Rise of Safavids
Origins in a long established Sufi order
Sufis were Muslims who tried to connect with God through experiences such as dance, music, prayer, poetry, meditation, and fasting
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Key Safavid People
Isma’ilShah Abbas I
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Society/ Religion/ Government
Integration of Turk- speaking followers with Native IraniansConsiderable development in artsIslamTheocracyTrade
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Decline of Safavid Empire
Shah Abbas left incompetent rulersExcessive taxesPoor care of state landsDecline of trade Weakening of militaryReligious persecution
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MUGHAL EMPIRE
Length- founded in 1526 ending in 1858Geography- covered most of Indian subcontinent
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Rise of the Mughals
Founded by Babur Used superior artillery Defeated a far larger army near
Delhi
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Key Mughal People
BaburAkbarShah JahanAurangzeb
Shah Jahan
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Society/Religion/Government
Flourishing of arts/cultureIslamBureaucracyTrade
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Decline of the Mughal Empire
Central state weakened Patchwork of independent states
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OTTOMAN EMPIRELength- late 13th c. until dismantled in early 20th c.Geography- extending from Balkans to Middle East and Northern Africa
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Rise of Ottomans
Byzantine Empire shrinksSeljuk Turks sultanate destroyedRise of ghazis- Osman
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KEY OTTOMANS (or enemies)
OsmanMehmet IITamerlaneSuleiman I
Suleiman I
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Society/Religion/Government
Social StructureIslamAutocracy- SultansTrade- flourished/declinedMilitary- strong, helped spread religion
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“Sultanate of the Women”
Period after Murad IV’s deathExperiencing military unrest, succession issuesMothers of young sultans exercised power in the name of their sons
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Decline of the Ottomans
Suleiman’s killing spreeSultan’s decrease of interest in maintaining justiceWars with EuropePopulation increaseRefusal to modernize/industrializeCorruption