Contents of section 13: Model village and Model nation.Chapter 7-Facts and figures on Infrastructure.7.1-F&F - Development of infrastructure was completely in the hands of the public sector and was plagued by corruption, bureaucratic inefficiencies.7.2-F&F - Broadband lines in India.7.3-F&F – Fire control stations.7.4-F&F - Infrastructure is India’s biggest handicap.7.5-F&F – Poor infrastructure and its ill effects.7.6-F&F – Water as the source of infection.7.7-F&F - Biodiversity.7.8-F&F – We lose lot of agriculture products.

Views to make this ‘World’ developed and this ‘Earth’ as the lovely place for every ‘Human’.

SECTION 13MODEL VILLAGE AND

MODEL NATIONShelter in a better way, for everyone;

Pollution free atmosphere and greenery everywhere;

Life full of joy, prosperity and peace;

Chapter 7: Facts and figures on Infrastructure.

7.1. F&F - Development of infrastructure was completely in the hands of the public sector and was plagued by corruption, bureaucratic inefficiencies.

[Infrastructure

Development of infrastructure was completely in the hands of the public sector and was plagued by corruption, bureaucratic inefficiencies, urban-bias and an inability to scale investment. India's low spending on power, construction, transportation, telecommunications and real estate, at $31 billion or 6% of GDP in 2002 had prevented India from sustaining higher growth rates. This has prompted

the government to partially open up infrastructure to the private sector allowing foreign investment which has helped in a sustained growth rate of close to 9% for the past six quarters.

Some 600 million Indians have no mains electricity at all. While 80 percent of Indian villages have at least an electricity line, just 44 percent of rural households have access to electricity. According to a sample of 97,882 households in 2002, electricity was the main source of lighting for 53% of rural households compared to 36% in 1993. Some half of the electricity is stolen, compared with 3% in China. The stolen electricity amounts to 1.5% of GDP. Almost all of the electricity in India is produced by the public sector. Power outages are common. Many buy their own power generators to ensure electricity supply. As of 2005 the electricity production was at 661.6 billion kWh with oil production standing at 785,000bbl/day. In 2007, electricity demand exceeded supply by 15%. Multi Commodity Exchange has tried to get a permit to offer electricity future markets. Source [148] ]

Not only the money, but the man power participation in developing infrastructure of all the segments like power projects, construction works (MV), transportation (CRS – CRTS), telecommunications through VPA, will bring down the establishment cost to the greater extent. Material needed, skill trainings, incorporation of technology and accuracy in the infrastructure will be looked after by the qualified and skilled people from the government side. RCS will be able to generate any amount of electricity, through its, hydro electrical projects, a safe and environmental friendly method of power generation as compared to other method of power generation. VPA and MV will make all the houses to have sufficient, continuous and safe electrical supply, thus 100% houses will get the electrical connection. No one will be able to steal the electricity as all the connections in the VPA become officials and it is supervise and managed by their own association. If someone steals the electricity, then it becomes the loss for the VPA, and loss for the people who are not involved in it, thus the people who are not getting the benefit will protest against such type of activity in the village. The mater reading at the port of the village should correspond to the cumulative reading of all the meters of the village.

7.2. F&F - Broadband lines in India.[Internet use is rare; there were only 2.1 million broadband lines in India in January 2007. Source [148] ]

Every VPA will have a web of its own, and it will be desighned at the national level, which will contain and provide all the activities of the VPA and its people.

7.3. F&F – Fire control stations.

Source: News paper.]

Every VP will have one unit of fire control station to handle fire related emergencies.

7.4. F&F - Infrastructure is India’s biggest handicap.

A special report on India. Creaking, groaning. Dec 11th 2008. From The Economist print edition

Infrastructure is India’s biggest handicap.

Magnum Photos. A matter of drains.

India’s urban population is expected to double over the next two decades, to 575m, yet its cities are already choking. Mumbai, South Asia’s biggest city, has 17m inhabitants, half of whom live in slums. The city’s rail network is overloaded and its roads are clogged up. Source [149] ]

With VPA – MV – MN, most of the urban slum will go and reside in some VPA, from where their elder generation came, thus the people may not stay in places like urban slum with poor infrastructure which is hazardous to the health. With many people moving to the VPA, the traffic in the urban area will come down.

7.5. F&F – Poor infrastructure and its ill effects.

Source [150] ]

We also have poor infrastructure like pipelines running beneath the road and often getting the damage. This leads to seepage of contaminated water in the drinking water.

7.6. F&F – Water as the source of infection.

Photography by Dr. Shivu.]

Many a times people also make mistakes like creating a pit for collecting the water directly from the pipe and finally because of the frequent usage of the end cap or when the water pressure is more the end cap will collect in the pit, will be contaminated and re enters in to the pipeline having

drinking water as the pressure inside the pipe line decreases. Can lead to many diseases like typhoid, hepatitis and so on;

7.7. F&F - Biodiversity.

[Environmental issues in India; Conservation.

Now the world's rarest monkey, the golden langur.

Wildlife in India

India, lying within the Indomalaya ecozone, hosts significant biodiversity; it is home to 7.6% of all mammalian, 12.6% of avian, 6.2% of reptilian, and 6.0% of flowering plant species.

In recent decades, human encroachment has posed a threat to India's wildlife; in response, the system of national parks and protected areas, first established in 1935, was substantially expanded. In 1972, India enacted the Wildlife Protection Act and Project Tiger to safeguard crucial habitat; further federal protections were promulgated in the 1980s. Along with over 500 wildlife sanctuaries, India now hosts 14 biosphere reserves, four of which are part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves; 25 wetlands are registered under the Ramsar Convention. Source [151] ]

MV will be constructed away from the forest area and the national parks. VPA will see that, none of the people will involve in any activity which disturbs the biodiversity.

7.8. F&F – We lose lot of agriculture products.

Photo source [152] ]

The processing field constructed in the MV will prevent such losses, and make the processing of agriculture products a more certain procedure.

Sources;

[148] Economy of India. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia. This page was last modified on 22 February 2009, at 23:16.

[149] http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12749787.

[150] Times of India news paper, Mysore, Page number 2, dated 17.6.09.

[151] Transportation downloads\Environmental issues in India - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.mht.

[152] Vijayakarnataka news daily.