S. Robertson lLngeles, Califor:nia. · the lgLl|{*:lc RapublLc of lra^a Air Force, having been...
Transcript of S. Robertson lLngeles, Califor:nia. · the lgLl|{*:lc RapublLc of lra^a Air Force, having been...
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as H.M.H., Inc., located at g16. S. RobertsonlLngeles, Califor:nia.
.uions
2- The eport frour the United States of arms,munitions, and related mllitary cotrtr>onents, and Lhe Lechnologyto build such iteme, is heavily regrur-ated by federar_ statuteaand correspond.ing regruLations .
3. The ArmE Export, Control Act, Title 22, Unit,edgtates code' section 2778 (.AECA';, and, the rnternational Traffiein Arms Regrulatione ("ITAR,) , TitLe 22, Code of FederalRegrulations, part 120, et- seg., authorize the united statesD€part'mcnt, of state's Directorate of Defense Trade controls("DD?C') Eo establish tbe unit,ed states Munitions List, a ca.tal0g
of, dcsigrnated def,ense articlee which are subject to .,qlort
reetrictlons alrd geaerally require an erq)ort license frorn DDTCprj-or to elrport.
4 - E\rsuant to ?itle 22, Cod.e of Federal
Regrulat,ions, Section rzg -3, generalJ.y, a persotr or buginess
entity that enga'ges j.n the bueiness of brokering activitlee withrespect to the manufacture, export, importr or transfer of any
defense article or defense servlce s*bject to the controle of
the rrAR is required to register with the DDTC before conduct.ing
doi"Eg tmslneas
goulevard,, LoE
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euch activities. An ;i-ndividrral or business that wiLlfully failsto register with Dlrc and eubeequentry engag.s in brokering
act'ivitiee invorviag rrAR controlr.ed matnrial, viol.tee section
2778 0f the AgcA.
5 ' A pereon or bnrsinese entity that intend,s to
exrlort defenEe articles on che united statee Munitions Li.st, frosr
the llnited StEt,ee, generally, is firEt required to obtain a
licenErs f,rom DDTC. an applicant for an oq>ort r-icenee from the
Depart&art of state mugt tnrthfurry identify in the required.
licenEe a6rylicat.ion and the Non-transfer and use certificate
flled with the state Department the ult,imate and final
deettnation of the goods - called the uend. user.n l(nowingly and
wlLLfully erporting united. States Mrrnitions r,ist parts from the
rlnited states, for whuich a state Depa.rtment e:q)ort license ie
requircd, without first obt,ainlng an export License frorn DDTC iE
a crirairra'l violat.ion of the AEC3' and the ITAR.
5 - co-conspi-rator ADl, who is not, a defendant, herein,
but was charged eleewlrere was living in the united Kingd,om,
doing business as ELectrol'tech rondon Ltd., locat,ed in, Lond,on,
&rgIand, and mainta.ining a freS-ght forr*a.rding address in Athens,
Greece.
ApprTrosAl E4reEglnsl] (poEr-200? rlrDrsr!,lENT
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7 ' The 'rr'te. gtates Department of state hascerti'f,led that none of the defend,ants, or any of the co_coaepira'tors, or any of tho bueineEses r_d_sted in paragraph oneherein, ever agrylied for, or received a r.icense from the DDTC to€]qport aay nilitary defenEe itecr frcnr the ftnited states.Further, tlrere ie rp record that any of the aforenentioaeddefendaets, co-cqnslliraeore, or hreineEaes, registered with theDDtc to eng;ag€ in the &nrsi.ness of, eqrcrting united stareslrft:nitione Ligt ( .U. S .l{. L. , ) iteme f rom the United States .
g. Tbe F-4 pbarrtqr II ie a t:urdem, two_seat, twin_eugri*e, all-weetbcr, 3.o*gi-range suSrerson-ic jet intereeptorfight'cr/fighter-bmber origiaally de'elaped for che llnltedgt'eteE by !&Donnel1 Ai-rcraft. rt first entered service in tlreunited gtatee in 1g50. rt wa.E eventually exported to and.
operated. by the armed forces of eLeven (11) ottrer na.t,ions, toinclude: Ira,rr, AuEtralia, Eglpt, Germarry, Greece, Israel, .]apan,South Kore&, gpaia, ?urkey and tlre united, Kingdom.
9. fhe F-S aircraft is a supersonic fighter,
c@iniry adrraacd aeeodlmauic design, engine performance and1ow operating coste naslfactured bY Norch:rrp for the united
st"a,tes Alr Force. 3he F-5 was produced, from Lg64 to L989 and
has b6en op€reted by tbe ac"med f,orceE of approxlrnately thJ.rty-
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five (351 otber rrations, to include fren, Greece, rTorda,n, Mexicoand gouth Korea, aeong othera.
lO. fbe F_14 Toseat is a sr4rersonic, twin_engine,trc-saet, varr.qbla*mep wlag f,J-ghter alrcraft. rtre F_r_4 fomcatnrae dovel'pad fes tba (Flit,ed states Navy. The F_14 was firstdeployad Ln 1,9?4 amd Es retired from the U.S. t{avlf,s activefl€€t in 2005. e8 0f 2012, the F-14 r*ae only in eervice yiththe lgLl|{*:lc RapublLc of lra^a Air Force, having been exl}orted toIran in 1976.
r'1- The *aytheon sawk uissile system is a u.s. med,iumra'gie suafaee-to-air nn'egi'e systqn. Tfie Hawk uisei'e system wa.sinitiarly' deeignred to d*strcy aircraft and was later a.da,pted. tod.etroy othsr rrrisei'ee in flight. The Hawk uissile s)rstementered Ers*rice in tbe unitcd statee in r.960. rt was phaoed outof u's' carvice in 2002, but continues to be used by the rs'amicRcprbJ.ic of lren.
L2 ' urrder t'be rnt'ernational. Ernergency Economic povrersAct ( ' 'B&PA'), ?it le 50, unlted statee code, sectians 1707._L?0.7,the Presifurt of the &ited states haE been grar,rted theauthoritY to &a1 with rmusua,l and, extraordinary threats ro trtenaLions'l occr"rity, forelgro trnliry, or ecorrowrlr of the Unitedstate€, wtrQre such an unusuar- a.nd extraordrnary threat h^as its
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€tource in wholer or in substaatial part, outEide the UnitedStates.
Tr 9e8cticrsL3' on llarch 15, 1995, the presr.dent of tbe united
stetes ieEued. &cqcuLive Order No. LzgS?, finding that .the
actio*s and polici-es of the G.,ver.onent of rran constitute anunueus.r and extraord,inary threat to the national security,f,oreignn policy, arrd, econawy of the uaited st*teso and decla.rj.ngna net'ional emelg'scy to deal with that threat. , Executiveor.'er No' L2957, a-8 er.paned and, continued. by &cecutlve orders!to- 12959 and 130s9 and Fresidenti.al sotice of lrarch 10, 2004,was ia effect at a.11 tlnee releva^nt to this grqrerseding
fndictaent.
L4. Gr trtiay 5, 1995, the preeid,ent of the United
states lseued &cesutive order uo. 3-zgsg and lqrosed eeoaomic
sasctLon* ' i.acluding trade reELrictions, a.gainst rran. The
Ekecutive Order prohi.bit,e, anong other thi.ngs, ttre exportatioa,
reerqlofr,ation, ealer o! supply, dj.rectly or ind.irectly, to lran
of arry goode, technol0gy' ox EernriceE froa the uruited stat,es 0r
by a uaited states p€rson. ltre &recutive order ar.eo prrohibito
any trr$Lsection withln th€ it,"ited statea or by any uni-ted, suate€
pGrEon tha.t evades or avoide r of has the purpoge of, evad.ing or
avoidiagr Er,fff prohi.bJ,tion on Lrad€ with rran. on August 17,
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L997, t&e H*aident issued, gxecutive order No. r_3059,
reiteratl-ng and, renewing the previoue trade restrictione, whichcoatirua.'d, €!*d, rcre in ef,fect, at alr. times relewant to thisSulxreeding IndictuenE .
L5' "o
iruplement the restrictions on trade nith rra'
contairsd in tbe &esutive Orders, the oniE,ed States Depa.rtment
of th El*easury, t!:rouglr the office of Foreigirr Assegs control( "oFrc') / iesur*d th€ rranian sanct,ions and Traneactions
Regru}*tlwre (.r?sR') (31 c_F-R. pa.rt, 560). ftre ITSR protribits,
ewl8r other tlri.*ga, the erqrcrt, re_export, sa,le, or supply,
directly or iadirectly, frmr the urited states or by a lrnited,
Sta,teE person wherever located., to Iran or the Goyernment of
rran, or thc financing of euch export, reexport, sar.e, of,
sugrply, cf any grwdls, technology, or genrices wi.thout pflor
author*.sati.ors frm the gecretary of the Treasury. Theee
ragnrlati*re further prohibit, othe reexgrortation frqn a third
cotsltL-y, d.i.rectly or indl.rectly, by a pereon otlrer than a tlnited
ststee rr6r66u' of *rqr gpods, technolog:r, or serrrices that have
besr erryoaed f,ro the BnitEd gtates, if undertaken with
lwladgcr or re*aon to tcnorr that the reexportation is intended
e5:ccifiee.il,Ly for rran or the €overnnrent sf, rran and the
oqrcrtatlosr of such goode , t€clnolaw, or serrrricee from tlle
I
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proller au*boria&&'iq fwr .b&G Dcl*steen. of state,
CS. Oa sr ab€*rt, Sonrwber 1g, A003, Leib Kohn, d,oiag
bualnsse aa t & H !{asufacturiag, etrbultted a purchaee order to
unit'Gd sta&# @ny #F for five wr.re hanrreeees, p/!.{: Lor7g3g2,
epecifce*lrr dqnSgw ' Gqr uee e€ trx'rt of the gruldanrce ra€Lar of
tbe g& Hl*l*il€ sy.steur.
4G. &, or akr*t *orrenber 2G, 2003, I€ib Kolxl, doing
btrsilrlreo es & e il Enan&rc.turing, faned a doernr,eqat f,rom Btrookl)lrl,
!$cry'soalc to lfflL&d s&atse qlenr #s in concrect,lsrrt corrfir:mirqg
tbet ba undowts(rd trE# t?re wiriag hnrness€E $€rie unitetl steteg
lftnitisrs r,Lst itema Ltllf requlred approvar frm thc Departrnent
of Statc prior to @ql$ frm tb€ Urrj.ted Sta.tes.
47. On or ab€ntt, lt*rch 3, 2OO4, tei_lr Kohn, doing
btrsiaese as L & l{ lrta;rufa.cturing, c&used, the eh::itrret of, t}e firre
wire aarnee# to. e.p.g. in Biqleniw, rsrael rithout, an exporr
licenso bcvi,ng bc@ issrcd fry OmC-
. 48. On or sbout rtranuarlr 19, 2OO4, L6ib Kohn purclu.sed
en audl,o fryuolrEy aryrilifier, p/N: 1g-61105, for the F-s jet,
flght'cr airer6*ft fm ms*bed gEates coqaaay *9, a. cwllasy
locagad ia Gh*6arclr&h, calif,ornia. On tha.t sare dEte, Kohn
aigned a certification of Intended Sale and End uge staremeat
ccrtlfyiag th&t, thc aryllLfier rag for ,U.S. stock."
d9. Orr or ebout !{arcb, 2, 2004, Ireib Fdn, efury
15
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busLtpee as lfwm, c&u.s€G tbe e&r,iprent of the audlo frequency
aryrlifier te Q.p.s. in Biqrerniaa, rsrael rithout arl exporr
lieeqce bavtsg bscn. iseaed by DpTc.
50. Oa or about FGbr1la'ry z, ZgO4, L€ib K('hn, doing
busisGata,e Xaeoo, Sxrrcbaeed 20 Fngirre Dra.ln FLttings, p/li[: 53-
500d5-3, for the F-{ jet. fighter aircraft frqr lFrited stateE
CryW *XO, a, ccrnpeq/ l-ocated l,n sun vatrJ,ey, Cel"iforni.a.. The
i-|arfel@ €set*,j.M e Ggqrolt c(]ntrsl sta,tes€nt, that in*icatad tbe
aqxl,{{*er rsa,s a t}lLtcd Stataa *rrrlt,*ons List ltesr tha.t could not
be crqror@ ritblat a 1icel*Ee fm the D€Ilar.tfient of state.
, 5l-- On or ebcrtlt llarsh Z, 200{, Leib Kohn, dolng
Inrsj.aesE as NeEco, Gnu66d tlrc €{rort of tlre Errgj.ne Drain
Fittlryre #o Q.,gt.g. la Biqru*rin*r, fsrael nlthout a.n eqrort
l.icensc ftaviqg lcsn isaued bgr DDTC.
52. On or abo{rt. %brruary 2, ZOO4, I€iJr Rohn, doing
Dnreineaa ae Neeco, purchaaed a retor, pl!f: g6dLz, for the F-{
f*gbtcr JF€ e1lr6lm.f,t frm &.i.ted $ttaLeE Cqrany #11. I'lae
irrvoioE si6{tr fhj.tr{l gts.e66 co{qParry #11 contained an eqlort
control sF&t€m€st ladicauiag ehr^t the motor could rlot be
cxportcd rLtbotlt pf,rqtrror aut&orisation frpan the Dctrrertm€at of
State.
53 . &r or alrcrut !{esch 2, ZOO4, Leib Kohn, doingl
lrugLneas *6 t5effi, sbd-1ryred tt!€ E6tor for the F-4 fighter jet
L 6
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airert.ft to e.p.s.- in Btnyaina, Israel sittror:t an ex[rort
Iiren* hsvi.ry bGGn igsrffi by the oegaruwrt of stare.
54. Otr or abo*t "*pril 9, 3003, Stf, doing business as
H-n-u-, su&&*tted a F*rcks€ or*r to urdted statee co.apany #11for tro aylindcn q.ae€ebliee, p/tr[: 841?1g, for tt€ F_4 f{ghter
Jet aircraft. That sEnr€ da.te, gI{ elcecuted, an e}q)ort control
8t'at@Gat pruni@ hry t'*d.tad gtated co{ryany *11 confirming tha.t
s?f undcratood tbs,L t&e cyJ.lnder bLocks rere unlted states
lerslttons Liet {tsne rhich requlrd agrprcrnal fronr the Departmrsnt,
of gta,ta prisr to export, frmr tt€ tlntted, state€.
55. 6 of about ApriJ. 28, 2003, gl{ trnrrchseed. txo
cytri&r aegdrl*llce frwr tkited states cowparry *11 for g511.,4t6.
56. Grr or about, liay 3 . 2AA3, SSt shilryed the two
cylir&r ao*@].ics En*' @Hgr a$d e.p-s. i_n Binlzarnina, rsrael
wlthrut, en qport liaeinee havi.ng been issued by DDTC. s?y cauEed
the Fadaral &qrreas rng@t€ational tsay&i.ll to f,a1sely deacribe
the c@e@ts of t&e pckagu' ee npr'utbing parte for repad-r. n
S?. @ or abdrt ltay 29 , 2003, SW, doing bmsl"nees ae
l{'H'il. ' srrhtittcd e, trrurchase orider to tlnleed States compa,ny #LL
for four cabl-e aeeerubli.es, p/H: 140705-1, for the F-4 fighter
jet aircraft.
58 . G or abqrt 'rirne 2, 2003, gw executed an export
contr,oL st^at{mGfll't pnovided by lSnitd gtates ccrqpny #11
7"7
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r956 (h)
m{sT sIXgrr or abauf @br 19, ZOLA, tho deferrGerrt EI*ImIg{, GdWt,
a/We Eli st,*s, So w,e' J.lvtng in rerael ard cloing bnrefuaee a,s
e.p.s. &t4., t trIggl€, IBc., p.eD. Ltd., asd, R.s.p. Slnre parte
Ltd-, *itbtn tloa Di,stsict, of Gonnect.icut, ad eleerhere, did
knwiryfy eTt'd ril"Ifra,lly Gr{ftort, reaqrort, a"nd, retra$Ef,cr, or
attcqrt go rc{qqrort, eJad, ratrans€er, or sause to be re€aported,
or risttNtfi3foffed,, €m lgrspl to lraa, via. Ae]rens, Gir<lece, a
Itllit€d Statag origia dcf,ssse art,icl"e, that ie, a. Coastalpt, spcd.
Drive, F/g: 695trd89, far tha F-4c aircraft fighter Jet, ntdch
ltem ie daaigrq*tcd r.s a, dsfaa.se artiele on tlre gsit@d states
lrnrn'ltl"aFs &ii"st'' uit&er.ra beving first orrtained frm the
Departwtrt of stata a vaLid, license or Fritt,en autboriaa.tion f,or
Euch :reecqrort, or retrrutEfer,
IB $J.ol,*&{€n of Titlc 22, t}nited States Code, Sec€ione
2778 (b) (-?) and t??s {c} I ZZ Code
] . zL .L , 123 .1 , 123 .9 , s .d LZ7 .L ;
Code, fbctioo 2.
wxs sE\@r
& €& abqrt lle&r 19, 2oL2, thc dcfendalet gt'Iy&I{t] c[3ItrMI,
a/k/a &li @cn, x*rl> r*s llwi.ng in rslrarBL arid doing bg.siineEe sls
Q.P.S. &td., l f trggt,.S, Inc., p.eD. Ltd., arld R.S.p. Spare parts
of, F*raJ- ReguLat,lms, gect,ions
ad litle 18, t?nLted StareE
2t
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Ltd., witlrin tbe Diatrict of connecticut and elsewhere, dld
kn.lrwlqgLy and willfully violate and cause to be violated the
s&[t6dl g{htc* tffisa llDstrgeties with rftrrr by exporting,
ItGGtsFsst&g, 'sa&!,{r!gr, a$tl stsrylying, arrd atteilqrting to export,
:iccslpcrt; orrtl, ed, eqryLy a 8ni.te€, States origin defense
artlcle, t"fint J.s, A Cre$lstslt SIrGgd Drirre, P/$: 69S14SG, for the
r-4C aLrt$*ft fig&e.f Jet, es l.tem deeigne'ted as a defenee
alitl"ctr€ qr *!6 {tatt€d gtatee $trtitions tlst, to l::an, v{a
Athsns, &ece y-ttMrt havlg first obtained the required
auttwts*E,Lsa f]}ffii the ltuSntt&{rnt of T?ea,euay.
Ir vi.olat,iod 6f Ti.t.le 50, Enl"ted gtates Code, Sections
1701-170inr 31 Csd€ of Federal Regiu}ations, SectlonE 550 -2O4,
560.205, E$S, 560.?0l,;, *nd ?itlte 18, Orri.ted States Code, SectLon
2 .
CIOT'N" EIGITT
oa €tr Ebout &,rch 3, 2AL3, tlre deferrdant gr,r]f'Blftt cloHEl{,
ef,t,/* Etri ee&cs, Itb wao ltrv{ng Ln lerael and doing tnreiness as
Q.p.S, 'St€. , f f i€ , Iac. , P. ID. I " td . , a t r td R.s.p. Spare par ts
Ltd., within tbe DLstrict of, Connect,fcut and elsewtrere, did
toouingly a$d wiL1f,u1Ly exglrt, r€{r!ql}ort, and retranEfer, or
4tfetpt tlb rffir3fft, nrd, rrGtratpfer, or e€rttoc to bc rac#ported,
agd rana[&ficrH*s, f,et gssracl to lr&n, via .&tleaa, Gr€ece, e
ulxltGd 8tr*t*e orlgiin dcf,ereee ast,icLe, that is, a seaeor outline,
22
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AbeoLute Ff&6suFe, Fl!il: 94g4?0_6-1, for the F_14 aireraft
figbtar jei, rtrich itcm ie desigmtd a.e a d€fsase artlcle on
t'h€ &itd,sia,t.are lss.iti@,s ti€t, without hawing first obtainsd
f,rm the Departmant of gtate a valid liccnee or written
authorira,tion for sxrb r6*port or retrangfer.
In violation of Tit,le 22, ttnl,ted gtate, Code, Sect{one
277a (b) (2) and z??g (c) ; 2a codG of, FederaL Regnarations, sEcti,oae
121.L, 1?3.1, 1a3.9, qJqd LAl .L , . and TieJ.e tB, un l ted gtates
Code, Sactioa 2.
c@rT $I!rg
orr or about,.xnreh 3, 2sx3, tlre defesdaat gLryAIIu c5lt{tpf
a/k/a ELt cohs' r*l€ rcs livirlg in leraeJ. and doing bnrsineee a6
Q.P .S . L td . , W&S, Iac . , p .AD. L td . , a ,nd R .S_p . gpa re pe r te
Ltd', vi.tLi-n the District of connecticut a&d eleewfrere, did
knwiqLy aad . illfully vi,oLs,te and, canlse to lre vioratcd tlre
ositad 8t*beg t&€de nq*&ricti<rlae with rran by oq>orting,
r@qtCIrtd-gr s6&l.ir-qg, and elryplyi,ng, a.led atteqlting to erqlort,,
rwilpotrt' sctrl,, *ad, oryryIy a &ib€d gtates orig{n deferrse
articla, tbat, La, a Swgon Attllre, Abao].ut,e preeeure, F/N:
94.94?0-6-1, for tb6 F-X4 aireraf,t, f,igihter Jet, an item
desJ-gmated, aa a dafcnss erticle on the Ekuited. gtaees Munitions
Liet,, to rran, via A,thans, Greece, without, having firet obtained
the requirod authorizat,Lon frsn the Department of Treasury.
23
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gtatca, purauant to Tj.tle 21, united states code, sectLon853(ple &B incorgnrated by Title 18, United Statee Code, Sectioa982 (b), to aeck f,orf,citure of, arryr other prqperry of ea.iddsfcndant' rp to f,lrc rralue of tbe forfeitable property descrlbed.ab('ve.
rlth Title 19, Uni.ted
Fhrle 32-2(a) , Federal
ALl La &ccordilace
s€ctLon 992 (a) (1) , and
Prrocc&rre.
NggIgTTllT I'ffITP STETES ATI1SRNEY
Statee eode,
Ruleg of Crlurirral
A TRI'g BIIL
*&
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