Ronald Reagan Presidential Library...Ronald Reagan Presidential Library 51 *Cost of system taken...

Abbey Beresik Lighting/Electrical Option

Ronald Reagan Presidential Library

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Temporary Exhibition Hall Design Concept The new Exhibition Gallery, though a very simplistic architectural space, will be filled with many different captivating displays. To provide illumination for these displays, a track system was provided. A flexible track system that is compatible with domestic manufactures is used, upon the facility manager’s request. Redwood panels are used as a decorative feature of the grid systems to integrate this space with redwood of the Multipurpose Room and also to hide some of the ceiling structure above (see Figure 3). The redwood also allows for a more affluent look to the track system which emphasizes the stature of this presidential library. General illumination is provided by downlights that are suspended from the ceiling. During visiting hours, these will most likely be turned off; they will however provide the horizontal illumination necessary to set up the displays.

Figure 3 Redwood panel ceiling grid/track system sketch. Design Criteria Horizontal Illumination: Exhibition Cases, 3-dimensional objects – 30 fc (IES – 30 fc) Workplane – 30 fc Horizontal illuminance intesity is important for the visual tasks necessary in setting up the artwork. It is also important for exhibition cases with a horizontal surface. Vertical Illumination: Exhibition Cases, 3-dimensional objects – 20fc (IES – 5 fc) Flat Displays – 30 fc (IES – 30 fc) Workplane – 10 fc



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Vertical illuminance levels are more important for flat displays and three-dimensional objects. I raised the value recommended by the IES for vertical illuminance of exhibition cases and three-dimensional objects because I do not feel that 5 fc is sufficient light for viewing these. *If the display chosen by the museum staff contains precious artifacts that belonged to Ronald Reagan, see Special Considerations section of design criteria. System Control and Flexibility: This room will be changing exhibitions frequently; therefore, it is important to have a lighting control system that will allow several dimming levels and fixtures that can easily be aimed. Color Appearance: The color appearance is very important for visitors to perceive the true colors of the displays. The CRI must be high. A cooler color temperature (4100K) makes paintings and color objects look very crisp. Direct Glare: It is very important in a gallery that the track fixtures be aimed properly and possibly have side shields to avoided direct glare. Reflected Glare: Because the exhibitions may have glossy surfaces or may be enclosed in glass cases, reflected glare will be an issue. Reflected glare can be avoided by aiming the luminaires sharply down, keeping light beams with mass of display, illuminating objects from below, using fill light while focusing a narrow beam on important parts of the display, and lighting the background behind the object. Modeling of Objects: The objects that are being displayed in this room required careful consideration for proper modeling. A dimming system, correct placement of luminaires, and proper aiming can be controlled to model these objects effectively. Color filters may also be a consideration to achieve the modeling desired. Shadows: It will be important to avoid shadows from three-dimensional objects in unwanted places. Proper geometrical placement of the fixtures and fill light can reduce shadows. Special Considerations: UV filters will be needed to avoid radiant energy on the artwork that may cause permanent damage. If there is to be a display in which there are highly susceptible artifacts such as textiles, cotton, natural fibers, furs, silk, writing inks, paper documents, lace, etc., the illuminance level shall be dimmed to 5 fc. Varying lamp wattage will allow easy adjustment for illuminance levels based on the display types. ASHREA/IESNA 90.1, 1999 Power Allowance: 1.0 W/sq.ft. for general exhibition *1.0 W/sq.ft. may be added for highlighting art work



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California Title 24 Power Allowance: 2.0 W/sq.ft. Track Spacing Calculations Track spacing and height were calculated and designed by following IESNA Handbook guidelines for flat displays of vertical surfaces, display cases, and sculpture lighting. Perimeter Walls – Vertical Surfaces (IESNA Lighting Handbook 9th Edition, pg. 14-6) X = (Ceiling Height – Eye Level) x 0.577 Assumed eye level height = 1550 mm = approx. 5’ Avg. Viewing Distance = 1050 mm = 3’-6” X = distance of track from wall X = (10’ – 5’) x (0.557) = 2’–10” Sculpture Lighting (IESNA Lighting Handbook 9th Edition, pg. 14-12) Based on 10’ track system height Key Light – 8’-6” Fill Light – 7’-6” Key Light – 3’-10” Fill Light – 3’-10” Designed for worst case scenario spacing. Fixture Schedule

TYPE DESCRIPTION LAMPS MANUF. VOLTAGE TOTAL WATTS BALLAST

B5

CYLINDRICAL DOWNLIGHT, PENDANT

MOUNTED, CLEAR AZLAK REFLECTOR, BLACK FINISH, MOUNTING

HEIGHT 10’ FROM FLOOR

(1)F32TBX/3000K 4 PIN

DELRAY CP8100 120 32 DIMMING

T2B SURFACE MOUNTED 120V

TRACK SYSTEM, 4’ SECTION, BLACK FINISH

NA NORDIC

ALUMINUM GB2100-3

120 NA NA

The track system specified is used by many domestic manufactures. It was specified to provide the Reagan Museum staff with a variety of choices for track fixtures as was requested by the facilities manager. Though this track is very flexible, the following section is dedicated to recommendations of fixture and lamp types based on the size and type of art work. Recommendations are taken from Gary Steffy’s “Time-Saver Standards For Architectural



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Lighting”. Recommendations are organized into four categories including small artwork, medium artwork, and large artwork. For small artwork, it is recommended to use Halogen low voltage; low wattage MR16 or PAR36. To achieve small well controlled beam spreads, VNSP (very narrow spot) will result in the best performance. Recommended lamp types are as follows:

MR11

MR16

MR16 Dichroic

Halogen Halogen Halogen Low Voltage Low Voltage Low Voltage

35/NSP 35/VWSP

35/NSP 35/VWSP

35/VWSP 42/NSP

For medium artwork, including medium art and medium sculpture, recommended lamp types are as follows:

MR16

MR16 Aluminized

MR16 Dichroic

PAR30L

PAR38

PAR38

Halogen Halogen Halogen Halogen Halogen HIR Low Voltage Low Voltage Low Voltage Line Voltage Line Voltage Line Voltage 50/NSP 50/CG/NSP 50/SP 50/NFL 50/CG/NFL

50/CG/SP 50/NFL 50/CG/NFL 65/NSP

35/NSP 35/CG/NSP 35/VWSP 50/NSP 50/CG/NSP 50/WSP 50/NFL 50/CG/NFL

50/SP 50/WSP

45/NFL 50/NSP 90/VWSP

60/FL

For large artwork, including large art and large sculpture, recommended lamp types are as follows:

MR16

MR16 aluminized

MR16 Dichroic

PAR30S

PAR30L PAR38 PAR30S PAR38

Halogen Halogen Halogen Halogen Halogen Halogen HIR HIR Low V Low V Low V Line V Line V Line V Line V Line V

65/NSP 65/NFL 73/NSP

50/SP 65/NFL

65/NSP 65/NFL 71/WSP 71/CG/WSP71/NFL 71/CG/NFL

75/NFL 75/NFL 60/NSP 75/NSP 75/NFL 90/WFL

50/NSP 50/NFL

50/NSP 50/NFL 60/NSP



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When choosing a lamp source, it is very important to consider the impact of UV on the art work. For MR11 and MR16 low voltage halogen lamps, a neutral density filter will be required in front of the halogen lamp to limit the illuminance level between 5 and 10 fc for preservation. Luminaire Comparison The Exhibition Hall will soon be housing the traveling First Lady’s Dress display. Although the lamps suggested in the previous section are halogen, a comparison of a metal halide luminaire versus a halogen luminaire is worth considering because of the efficiency of the metal halide lamp. Metal halide lamps have also been subject to recent improvements in CRI. The two luminaires that were compared are the Erco Quinta with a 70W metal halide lamp and the Erco Stella with a 50W halogen lamp. The chart following is a summary of fixture and lamp qualities: ERCO QUINTA ERCO STELLA Lamp GE CM70/PAR38/830/SP15 GE Q50T4/CL/CD Lumens 4800 950 CRI 82 100 CCT 3000 2700 Average Life 10,000 hrs 2,000 hrs Luminaire Efficiency

78.9% 58%

Input Watts 78 W 53 W CP Curve

Cost of Lamp $84.17 $7.71 Cost of Fixture $456 $533 *Number of Fixtures Required

16 129

*KWh consumed per day

7.84 KWh 45.15 KWh

*Utility Bill Per Year

$275.08 $1584.14

Cost of Entire System

$8,917.80 $72,330.32

*The number of fixtures was chosen based on the amount of fixtures necessary to provide the work plane with 20fc horizontal illuminance. *Library is open for 10AM-5PM daily.



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*Cost of system taken from charges provided from the utility company for one year period. See Appendix A for excel calculations. * Entire system cost includes fixture, lamp, and one year bill. Looking at this chart, it is evident that the metal halide lamp has a longer lamp life and is a more efficient luminaire. The metal halide lamp is more expensive, but fewer fixtures are necessary to achieve required illuminance levels. For a one year period, with 7 hours days, the expense of each luminaire system was required. Photometric Viewer was used to estimate the number of luminiares required to provide a horizontal illuminance of 20fc. Although, the spots will be used for vertical illuminance, the number of fixtures is an estimation as to the amount of fixtures necessary to achieve the same illuminance levels. There is a drastic difference in the cost of the Stella (halogen) versus the Quinta (MH). The Stella system is much more expensive. This cost was greatly influenced by the amount of fixtures necessary. The amount fixtures also had an impact on the load required and the price the utility will charge for a one year period. The Erco fixtures are also in the higher caliber for track light quality and pricing, therefore requiring a higher cost. The quality of the luminaires was also compared using the Penn State University light lab to test each fixture. A model wore two gowns, one that was different shades of red with shimmering beads and one that was light blue to replicate the display of first ladies gowns. A Canon S60 Power Shot, 5.0 mega pixel digital camera, was used for the photography. This camera was calibrating using Photosphere technology to produce HDR images for the ability to convert the image to a luminance false color map. Each image was derived from several bracketed shots at different shutter speeds. The image results are displayed in the following chart:



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ERCO QUINTA (MH) ERCO STELLA (Halogen)

*See Appendix A – Exhibition Hall for Illuminance Maps



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The analysis of these dresses focused on the following criteria: hue of the dress, saturation of the dress, sparkle, distribution, and shadowing. The hue and the saturation of the dresses are more appealing using the halogen lamp. The color of the red dress and the sparkle of the beads were enhanced using the halogen luminaire. The metal halide lamp produced a flood photometry with a fairly even distribution across the entire dress. The halogen resulted in a spot distribution on the gowns, with luminance concentrations (hot spots) in certain areas. The halogen, however, brought out shadows showing the three dimensionality of the gown that were not evident with the metal halide luminiare. The metal halide fixture enhanced the blue gown more appealingly than the red gown. For color quality, the halogen fixture performed best for both gowns. The halogen did however create hotspots and did not distribute over the entire dress. To conclude this luminaire comparison, the halogen luminaire performed best for all cases considered for quality purposes. The halogen did, however, produce hotspots that had a negative impact of the appearance of the gowns. The metal halide luminaire is much more efficient and cost effective system. This comparison provides a facilities manager with adequate information to make a decision on the system they would like to choose for a display based on cost, efficiency, and quality. It is evident that if an energy efficient system is desired, the metal halide fixture is the best choice. Though the halogen fixture did result in a more appealing gown, they metal halide did perform as an acceptable alternative that would be enjoyed by visitors. If color and appearance are the most important factors for the displays, the halogen luminaire is best. To offset the cost of a halogen system, a lower light level may be necessary to decrease the amount of fixtures necessary. Light Loss Factors

Luminaire BF Cleaning Interval

MaintenanceCategory LLD RSDD LDD Total LLF

B4 1.00 Clean (every 6 months) IV 0.85 0.98 0.93 0.77

RCR = 2.5’ x 7.5’ (2 x 48’-6” + 2 x 82-3”)/(48’-6 x 82’-3”) = 1.23



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Power Density Calculations Allowed Power Density by Title 24: 2.0 W/sq.ft.

Luminaire Ballast Watts Quantity Total Watts B4 32 59 1888

Total: 1888W 1888W/4014 sq.ft. = 0.47W/sq.ft. < 2.0W/sq.ft. 1.53W/sq.ft. may be used for the remainder of fixtures.



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Exhibition Hall Lighting Plan

DRAWING NOTES: 1. CONNECT CIRCUIT

DESIGNATED TO HORIZONTAL ROW OF TRACK

2. CONNECT CIRCUITS DESIGNATED TO ENTIRE VERTICAL TRACK

3. DIM REFERS TO DIMMING PANEL DIM-LV-GD

4. NM REFERS TO NORMAL PANEL LL-LV-GD



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Track System with Redwood Detail



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Calculation Summary General Lighting System Workplane: Average – 19.51 fc



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Track System Renderings AGI-32 Verstion 7.1 was used to produce calculations and renderings.

Conclusions The lighting system supplied to this Exhibition Hall provides the space with a very flexible yet decorative track system and ceiling. The redwood ceiling feature that is highlighted in the Multipurpose Room was featured in this space also with redwood square panels placed between the track system grids. This ceiling feature brings richness to this space while integrating it with the other rooms of the addition. The track system specified is one that is compatible with many domestic manufacturers, which allows many possibilities for the rotating displays. Though the fixtures cannot be specified at this point and will be changing based on the display, an in-depth recommendation section has been provided to allow facility management and display coordinators to choose the fixtures and lamps that will work best with the given displays. A luminaire comparison was also conducted for the First Lady’s Dresses exhibit which will soon be displayed in this gallery. A halogen luminaire was compared to a constant color metal halide luminaire. The halogen performed best for quality issues such as color rendering, shadows, and sparkle while, the metal halide performed best for efficiency, cost and energy savings. The goals stated for this space were met: illuminance levels were met for display setups, a flexible and decorative track system was supplied, and a thorough recommendation section was given for luminaire and lamp reference.

Ronald Reagan Presidential Library...Ronald Reagan Presidential Library 51 *Cost of system taken...

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