Rodentia Gnawing Mammals
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Transcript of Rodentia Gnawing Mammals
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Rodentia Gnawing Mammals
- Andrew Marmo
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Skull Characteristics A pair of upper and
lower incisorsSingle open rootContinuously growing
Enamel on outside and exposed dentine on inside
Diastema between incisors and premolars
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Order Rodentia Largest order of mammals with over
2000 species 40% of mammals are rodents Found on all continents except for
Antarctica Size and breeding cycle may be the
reason for their success.
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Common House Mouse (Mus musculus)
Reach sexual maturity at about 4 weeks of age.
Breed year round 6 mice can turn into a family of 60 in 3
months
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Cricetidae Includes true hamsters, voles, and New
World rats and mice. Almost 600 species Second largest family of mammals.-Largest in North America
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Deer Mouse(Peromyscus maniculatus)
Inhabit nearly all types of land in PA
Eat seeds, berries, mushrooms, beetles, slugs, and spiders.
Name refers to their coats resemblance to a deer.
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Southern Red-Backed Vole
(Clethrionomys gapperi) Found in much of upland PA
Favors cool damp forests with hemlocks, mossy rocks, and stumps
Climbs into low trees
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Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus)
Mainly found in wetlands
Can stay submerged for up to 17 minutes
Feed mostly on aquatic vegetation
Builds dome shaped huts
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CastoridaeBeaver
Castor canadensis Largest rodent in NA Can way up to 70
lbs. One of the few
species that pair for life
Estimated 30,000 in PA. (PA GC)
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ErethizontidaePorcupines
Erethizon dorsatum Second largest
rodent in PA Top speed is 2 miles
per hour Den in caves, rock
crevices, hollow logs, and trees
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SciuridaeSquirrels
Includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels, chipmunks, marmots, prairie dogs, flying squirrels, and woodchucks.
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Eastern Gray Squirrel Sciurus carolinensis
Can run as fast as 14 mph and jump 6 feet between trees
Black coloration (melanism) is fairly common
Dens in tree cavities and leaf nests
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Fox SquirrelSciuris niger
PA is northern extent of its range
Larger than Gray Squirrel
Rare in deep forests, prefers park-like woods
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Red SquirrelTamiasciurus hudsonicuas
Prefers mature forests of white pine and hemlock
Eat everything from pine seeds to the young of birds
Store pinecones, nuts, and fruits in caches called middens
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Southern Flying SquirrelGlaucomys volans
More common than northern flying squirrel in PA
Can sail up to 40 feet
Most predaceous of the tree squirrels
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Eastern ChipmunkTamias striatus
Active in the day (diurnal)
Prefer open deciduous woods
Become torpid in the winter, respiration falls from 60 to less than 20 breaths per minute
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Works Cited UCMP. Introduction to the Rodentia. .
<http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/mammal/rodentia/rodentia.html>.
NaturePhoto. Rodents. 2011. <http://www.naturfoto-cz.de/mammals/rodents.html>.
. Pennsylvania Wildlife. 08/22/10 . <http://pawild.net/home/show_con.php?p_id=14>.