Igneous, Metamorphic,

and Sedimentary Rocks

Definition of Rock TypeFormation of Rock TypeExamples of each kind of rock

The Rock CycleQuizSummary

Overview

Formed by the solidification of magma

What is an Igneous Rock?

Igneous Rock

Sail Rock/Igneous Rock

Process 1Formed undergroundFormed from melted rock(magma)Magma trapped in small pocketsMagma cools down

How are Igneous Rocks formed?

Process 2Formed above groundVolcanoes erupt

Magma flows above groundAs known as lava

Lava cools down

Igneous Formation Continued

Granite

Scoria

Pumice

Obsidiar

Examples of Igneous Rocks

Granite Rock

Scoria Rocks

Produced by metamorphism

What is a Metamorphic Rock?Metamorphism- Change effected by heat/pressure

Creigh Hill, Scotland

Once “igneous” or “sedimentary”Rock under large amount of

pressureHeat builds up

This is what morphs(changes) them

How are Metamorphic Rocks formed?

Schist

Gneiss

Marble

Slate

Examples of Metamorphic Rocks

Marble Rock

Slate Rocks

Formed by sedimentation of earth’s surface

What is a Sedimentary Rock?

Bryce Canyon National Park

Red Canyon, Utah

WeatheringDepositionErosionLithification Compaction

How are Sedimentary Rocks formed?

Sandstone

Limestone

Shale

Conglomerate

Gypsum

Examples of Sedimentary Rocks

Sandstone Rock

Shale Rock

Igneous

Rocks

Sedimentary

Rocks

MetamorphicRocks

Heat/Pressure

Weathering/Erosion

Melting

Heat/PressureWeatherin

g/Erosion

Melting

The Rock

Cycle

What rock is formed from…1. Solidification of

magma?2. Large amounts of

pressure or heat?3. Weathering and

erosion?

Quiz

Igneous-From cooled magma/laveCan be above or below ground

Metamorphic-From pressure/heat on rocksOnce an igneous/sedimentary rock

Sedimentary-From weathering and erosionPieces of the earth breaking down

Summary

Shandshem, “Igneous rock intrusion by a green mineral common throughout the gabbro on Bla Bheinn and the Cuillin ridge” August 15, 2009 via Flickr, Attribution License.

Fermion, “Sail Rock” July 8, 2009 via Flickr, Attribution License. Shandshem, “Banding in a metamorphic rock called psammite/pelite, Creigh

Hill, Angus, Scotland.” August 28, 2009 via Flickr, Attribution License. Wolfgang Staudt, “nature” February 11, 2008 via Flickr, Attribution License. Alan Vernon, “Red Canyon overlook with Snow dusting” June 8, 2009

via Flickr, Attribution License. Sunset Sailor, “Shoreline granite” September 8, 2006 via Flickr,

Attribution License. Kiwi Flickr, “Scoria” March 6, 2005 via Flickr, Attribution License. Dominic’s Pics, “Marble Rock” September 24, 2008 via Flickr,

Attribution License. Aldenchadwick, “Sharp Slate” May 23, 2010 via Flickr, Attribution License. pepper_pan harris, “Sandstone III” May 27, 2009 via Flickr,

Attribution License. Seldom Scene Photography (was Old Dog Photo), “Bonne Bay shale

” October 20, 2009 via Flickr, Attribution License.