Rock Quarry Redevelopment Revitalizing a Highly Disturbed Habitat into a Highly Utilized Environment

Spring 2015 Jordan Young

Agenda Site/History Contextual Analysis Site Inventory Program Users Goals & Objectives Case Studies Concept Phasing Plan Master Plan Phases Experience

Haile Quarries Newberry, FL Location: Haile Quarries, Newberry,

Florida Size: 635.15 acres Client: Recreational Outdoorsman

(hypothetical client) Recreational Outdoorsman is a

fictional company that will privately own this site.

History 19th Century: Commercial mining was

being conducted northeast of Newberry, Florida. Here, phosphate was first exploited

from accumulated sediments in sinkholes and channels eroded into limestone. However, these small-scale deposits eventually became unprofitable to excavate. (Roger W. Portell, 2011)

1950s: Shift to mining the regions near surface limestone deposits. Became known as the Haile Quarries.

Today: Seventy foot, man-made holes, are vacant and un-used.

Contextual Analysis: State

Contextual Analysis: County

Contextual Analysis: Site Boundary

Contextual Amenities: Amenities Fish Camps Howards Fishing Excursions Kates Fish Camp McIntosh Fish Camp Twin Lakes Fishing & Camping South Shore Fish Camp

Equestrian Centers Canterbury Floridas Equestrian Show Place Hawkfields Farm Full Partners Equestrian Center Twin Oaks Stables

Trails Cofrin Nature Park San Felasco Hammock Preserve

Campgrounds Blue Springs Park Ginnie Springs Breezy Acres Campground Otter Springs Park & Campground

40 min. (28.2 mi.) 42 min. (26.8 mi.) 42 min. (23.6 mi.) 45 min. (34.6 mi.) 46 min. (37.5 mi.) 06 min. (02.5 mi.) 11 min. (05.5 mi.) 09 min. (04.6 mi.) 15 min. (10.6 mi.) 16 min. (08.2 mi.) 29 min. (20.8 mi.) 32 min. (24.8 mi.) 34 min. (27.3 mi.) 40 min. (30.3 mi.) 51 min. (35.6 mi.)

Site Inventory: Soils/Vegetation Alfisols Soil - Arable soils

with water content adequate for at least three consecutive months of the growing season.

Ultisols Soil - Reddish, clay-rich, acidic soils that support a mixed forest vegetation prior to cultivation.

Existing vegetation - Consists mostly of Oak Hammocks, Pine Scrubs, and a variety of grasses.

Analysis - Topography

Site Inventory: Wildlife Current wildlife is at a minimum due to site disturbances.

Below are just a few of the resident wildlife:

Site Inventory: Disturbances Due the history of this site, a lot of negative attributes have been established. Quarrying limestone results in a lot of negative effects on the environment.

Such disturbances include: Poor Air Quality/Fumes Increased Runoff Sediment Yields Water Pollution Erosion Loss of Wildlife Previous Noise Pollution Dust and Related Diseases Excessive Waste Land Transformation

Goals/Objectives Goal 1: Create a successful bass estuary, both for the fishermen and the fish.

Objective 1.1: Design a habitat in which the fish will thrive by providing adequate protection and resources to allow a healthy environment. Also only allow catch and release.

Objective 1.2: Design hot spots, or feeding holes, that will provide consistent amounts of fish to be caught. Goal 2: Create multiple mountain bike trails for several different levels of experience.

Objective 2.1: Using the many different slopes provided by the existing topography, create beginner expert level courses. Sub-Objective 2.1.1: From flatter terrain, design beginner courses. Sub-Objective 2.1.2: From steeper terrain, design more advanced courses by supplying drop offs, jumps, and downhill trails.

Goal 3: Create equestrian trails, provide stables, and design learning areas for new riders. Objective 3.1: Design a trail that meanders throughout the entire site. Objective 3.2: Design a barn with an attached learning area for inexperienced riders. Objective 3.3: Provide open space for horses to graze.

Goal 4: Create a walking/running trail that meanders throughout a majority of the site. Objective 4.1: Within each division of the site, allow an adequate amount of space to allow a path to be laid without infringing on

primary program element. Objective 4.2: Provide distance markers to allow a multiple amount of different events to take place on this trail. (i.e. 5k races, road

bicycle races, March of Dimes) Goal 5: Create a comfortable and functional environment for the users of the site.

Objective 5.1: Design functional connectivity throughout the site for ease of access to each amenity. Objective 5.2: Provide an adequate amount of parking for any and all amenities.

Sub-Objective 5.2.1: Design designated parking for normal use. Sub-Objective 5.2.2: Design overflow parking for fishing tournaments, races, paintball events, or any other function that

may take place on site. Objective 5.3: Provide sufficient amount of resting areas including picnic areas, restrooms, water and food venues.

Goal 6: Create open space for both recreational use and special events. Objective 6.1: Allow adequate space for events such as concerts, food trucks, festivals Objective 6.2: Allow adequate space for multi-purpose recreational use when special events are not taking place.

Goal 7: Create conservation space. Objective 7.1: Design a designated area that will remain a conservation area. Objective 7.2: Create a scenic outlook location that is strictly aesthetics. Objective 7.3: Restore ecological ecosystems. Objective 7.4: Send all impervious surface runoff to this location to filtrate pollutants.

PresenterPresentation NotesFollow with Conceptual Design

Program Bass Estuary Mountain Bike Courses Camping/Lodging Running/Walking Trails Equestrian Center/Trails Open Space/Park Space Amenity Parking/Overflow Parking Boat Ramps/Docks Fueling Stations Conservation Areas Learning Areas Food/Restroom Areas Zip Line

Bass

Estua

ry

Truck

and T

railer

Entra

nce

Fishin

g Park

ing

Boat

Ramp

Docks

Fueli

ng St

ation

Overf

low Pa

rking

Stagin

g Area

Bike T

rails (

Multi-

Leve

led)

Rider

Parki

ng

Trail S

eatin

g Area

s

Eque

strian

Cente

r

Eque

strian

Trail

s

Runn

ing/W

alking

Trac

k

Race

Parki

ng

Sport

s Lak

e

Picnic

Area

s

Camp

Grou

nds

Restr

ooms

Welco

me Ce

nter

Food

Vend

or

Open

Spac

e for

Misc.

Even

ts

Learn

ing Ce

nter

Cons

ervati

on Ar

ea

Bass EstuaryTruck and Trailer Entrance

Fishing ParkingBoat Ramp

DocksFueling Station

Overflow ParkingStaging Area

Bike Trials (Multi-Leveled)Rider Parking

Trail Seating AreasEquestrian Center

Equestrian TrailsRunning/Walking Track

Race ParkingSports Lake

Picnic AreasCamp Grounds

RestroomsWelcome Center

Food VendorOpen Space for Misc. Events Good

Learning Centers BadConservation Area Nuetral

Program to Program Relationship Matrix

Sheet1

Bass EstuaryTruck and Trailer EntranceFishing ParkingBoat RampDocksFueling StationOverflow ParkingStaging AreaBike Trails (Multi-Leveled)Rider ParkingTrail Seating AreasEquestrian CenterEquestrian TrailsRunning/Walking TrackRace ParkingSports LakePicnic AreasCamp GroundsRestroomsWelcome CenterFood VendorOpen Space for Misc. EventsLearning CenterConservation Area

Bass Estuary

Truck and Trailer Entrance

Fishing Parking

Boat Ramp

Docks

Fueling Station

Overflow Parking

Staging Area

Bike Trials (Multi-Leveled)

Rider Parking

Trail Seating Areas

Equestrian Center

Equestrian Trails

Running/Walking Track

Race Parking

Sports Lake

Picnic Areas

Camp Grounds

Restrooms

Welcome Center

Food Vendor

Open Space for Misc. EventsGood

Learning CentersBad

Conservation AreaNuetral

Program to Program Relationship Matrix

Sheet2

Sheet3

Users Fishermen

Recreational Professional

Mountain Bikers Avid Riders Recreational Riders

Horseback Riders Jogger/Walker/Bicyclists

Races Exercise

Campers Weekend Visitors Students Elderly/Handicapped Wildlife

Case Study: Brownstone Exploration & Discovery Park Portland, Connecticut What used to be quarry, this extreme adventure park was leased from

the Town of Portland. With a partnership with the Town, Portland receives a portion of all admission fees. Portland also has been relieved of most of the maintenance and policing duties and is now almost fully operated by the current owners.

Some of the amenities include: Swimming Snorkeling Zip Lines Cliff Jumping Rope Swings Rock Climbing Wakeboarding Kayaking Diving Hiking Biking

Case Study: Three Oaks Recreational Area Crystal Lake, Illinois After twenty years of sculpting a vision of these once mined quarries, the City of Crystal

Lake reclaimed this disturbed land and turned it in to a fresh, new, and exciting recreational area. Equipped with pristine waters, natural habitats, and prime fishing, users can come out and enjoy the water or simply have a picnic. Open since late 2010, these trails, playgrounds, and open space, have been greatly appreciated by the residents of Crystal Lake, Illinois.

Some of the amenities include: Boat Rentals Classes & Courses Culvers Restaurant Fishing Hiking Sledding Swimming Picnicking Playground Splash Park Walking Paddle boarding Diving

Case Study: Cottonmill Lake Rehabilitation Project North-Central Nebraska Cottonmill Lake is a 43 acre

impoundment located just west of Kearney, Nebraska.

Do to the large abundance of rough and poor sportfish, this body of water has been performing very low.

It contains large deposits of sedimentation, creating a poor aquatic environment.

The average depth of Cottonmill Lake was reduced from 11.8 ft. to just under 2 ft.

During the project, they removed 300,000 cubic feet of sediment.

They renovated the existing fish population, created breakwater jetties, islands, and several underwater structures such as rock piles, wooden cribs, and cedar trees.

Concept

Scale 1=900

Phasing Phase One: Bass Estuary

Construct Bass Estuaries by connecting existing bodies of water and excavating connection points. Pave parking lot for truck and trailer parking; install ramps, docks, and fueling station; and begin northern vehicular access.

Phase Two: Conservation

Begin to restore and rehabilitate designated conservation area. Funds from fishing amenity will cover remission costs.

Phase Three: Remaining Primary Infrastructure

Build remaining infrastructure suitable for vehicular traffic, Welcome Center, hook-ups for campgrounds and immediate parking.

Phase Four: Remaining Secondary Infrastructure

Designate and clear paths for mountain biking and equestrian use, pave walkway for joggers/walkers, construct barn, and clear open space.

Master Plan

Scale 1=1000

Conservation

Bass Estuary

Bass Estuary

Mountain Bike Trails

Truck & Trailer Parking

Zip Line

Open Space

Equestrian Center Campgrounds

Trails

Phase One: Bass Estuary Many bodies of water lack the structural features needed to provide adequate infrastructure for fish to thrive. These existing limestone quarries are currently not in a healthy condition to provide a sustainable environment for any aquatic creatures. There are a few existing shorelines that are not hard edge. These hard edges provide little to no fish coverage or spawning habitats. Proposed is to broaden the shorelines and their edges. Fortunately, the quarry depths vary greatly. Of the approximate 230 acres, it is very infrequent that the depth exceeds 40. The majority of the underwater portion of the site is under 20. By expanding the shelf just off the shoreline, a much more sustainable and efficient ecosystem can be created. With the addition of both natural and artificial structures, fish can thrive.

Relief Map Legend 0 10 11 20 21 30 31 40

Phase One: Bass Estuary Natural Structures: Submerged Vegetation, Logs, Brush, and Rocks. Artificial Structures: Oak Pallets, Rubble Piles, Log Cribs, Pipes, Stake Beds, and Plastic

Phase Two: Conservation Conservation Benefits: Cleaner Air Cleaner Water Enhanced Wildlife Increased Biodiversity Higher Amounts of

Stored Carbon Reduced Runoff Connectivity to

Existing Corridors Increased Aesthetic

Value Learning

Opportunities Study Plots Before After

Part Two: Conservation Cost Analysis

The average capital cost of remission for a conservation area is approximately $933.66/acre. Obviously slope, soils, and existing deterioration play large roles in determining actual costs, but for the sake of capital investment projections, this number will be used.

At an approximate 200 acres of conservation land, the estimated cost of rehabilitation would be $186,732.00.

East of CR235, there is an existing corridor that has been dissected by limestone quarries. With the proposed conservation plan, the teal color will be converted back to conservation land and mend the two portions of the corridor together once again.

Existing Corridor

Existing Corridor

Conservation

Non-Conservation

Part Two: Conservation Limestone Benefits Neutralizes Water

Adds Calcium, reducing acidity Lowers poisonous effects of toxic metals such as lead, zinc,

and nickel. Provided Calcium aids scale and bone development in adult

fish Lowers soil acidity Increases plant life from the release of phosphorous

Phase Three: Remaining Primary Infrastructure & Related Amenity Welcome Center The welcome center is the central gathering place for the entire site. Here, visitors can be briefed on all the amenities Recreational Outdoorsman has to offer. Inside of the welcome center there is a small gift shop, including a convenient center for overnight guests. On the second floor of the welcome center are 5 hotel rooms. These rooms overlook the ledge facing the mountain bike trails and the large mound located in the center.

Welcome Center

Mountain Bike Trails

Phase Three: Remaining Primary Infrastructure & Related Amenity Circulation There are two main access points to the site, shown with a yellow polygon, . They are connected by a two lane road that serves as the primary circulation of the site. This road has been divided into a main entrance and a boat & trailer entrance. Users can access both, but the delineation between the two makes movement throughout the site more convenient.

Mountain Bike Trails

Open Space

Welcome Center

Phase Three: Remaining Primary Infrastructure & Related Amenity Parking There are a number of different spaces to park throughout the site, . There are 4 locations that are strictly designated for parking at any time. The restricted areas are the truck & trailer parking (furthest north) and the overflow parking located on the lawn, or green space. This overflow parking is to only be used during tournaments and festivals. During festivals, parking is to be used by vendors. Parking for the mountain bike trails is located northeast of the trails. A much smaller area for parking is located near the barn. Users wishing to go horseback riding can park on the outside of the fence, along side the road.

Mountain Bike Trails

Open Space

Welcome Center

Phase Three: Remaining Primary Infrastructure & Related Amenity Campgrounds If the user does not want to be in a hotel style atmosphere, they can opt to rent a cabin or a plot to pitch a tent. All of the cabins are located on waterfront property, deep into the woods. The tent plots are immediately across the street and are also heavily vegetated. Each parcel has water/electrical hookups. Each parcel is segregated enough to ensure privacy from the rest of the amenities. The overnight guests will really be able to enjoy the outdoor experience.

Cabins

Vacant Plots

Phase Four: Remaining Secondary Infrastructure & Related Amenity Equestrian Center The south-eastern portion of the site is dedicated to a home for horses. Structurally, there is a 14 stall barn to house the resident horses. There is a variety of difficulties for a variety of rider skillsets. Immediately outside of the barn is a practice area for user to get acclimated to their new horse. To the south there is another practice area for the more advanced riders. Here users can practice and hone in on their barrel racing skills. All of the acreage to the west of the barn is grazing land for the horses to stretch their legs and relax.

Grazing Area Barn & Practice Area

Competitive Area

Phase Four: Remaining Secondary Infrastructure & Related Amenity Trail System Throughout the entire site there are multiple trails for different users to experience. Looking at the master plan to the left, the grey trails are paved paths suitable for runners, walkers, or cyclists. The brown paths that intertwine through the grey trails, are meant for horseback riders. This separate path allows them to travel at their own pace without the worry of other guests spooking the horses.

Conservation

Bass Estuary

Bass Estuary

Truck & Trailer Parking

Open Space

Equestrian Center

Campgrounds

Trails

Phase Four: Remaining Secondary Infrastructure & Related Amenity Zip Line As seen on the master plan, the zip lines have 4 landing towers. Starting at the western most point of the open space, guests can zip to a multi-tiered landing pad. Once they have landed they can climb to the next level and zip to the next station.

Landing Station

Zip Line

Phase Four: Remaining Secondary Infrastructure & Related Amenity Mountain Biking Due to the sites extreme and vast elevation changes, it is already set up for some organic mountain bike trails. What was once the beginning of a new quarry, will now become a multi-difficulty trail system. From beginners to novice riders, there will be a trail for everyone.

Mountain Bike Trails

Phase Four: Remaining Secondary Infrastructure & Related Amenity Relief Map Legend 90+ 80 89 70 79 60 69

Experience Upon arrival to the site, the user will feel as if they are pulling into the same environment that existed a

hundred years ago, when these quarries were in their prime. To pay homage to this historical value, architectural features will sport cracker style design. Scattered throughout the site will be outdated and rustic pieces of equipment that were once used to mine limestone. This will again pay respect to the history of the site.

It is obvious that each user will leave experiencing something different. Whether they visited the site to go fishing or horseback riding, they will have experienced, at some point, the same emotions. With this cracker style environment in this now densely vegetated habitat, the user will know what life may have been like in the early 1900s.

All of the amenities provided on site will definitely attract users from immediate area and surrounding context. Whether a student from the University or a family from down the road, there is something for everyone.

References Wildlife Image 1 - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Florida_Gopher_Tortoise.jpg Wildlife Image 2 - http://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large-5/opossum-family-nathaniel-kidd.jpg Wildlife Image 3 - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Procyon_lotor_(Common_raccoon).jpg Wildlife Image 4 - http://storage.wildobs.com/rangergirl141/mediums/Deer_top_buck.jpg Wildlife Image 5 - http://www.southern-colorado-guide.com/images/cranedance.jpg Wildlife Image 6 - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9b/Wild_Pig_KSC02pd0873.jpg Equestrian - http://www.aloha-hawaii.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/11/kauai-horseback.jpg Largemouth Bass - https://scout-story-images.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/wired2fish/migrated-

assets/2012/07/big-swimbait-bass-fishing.jpg Whitetail Deer - http://www.huntinginflorida.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/hunting-in-florida-whitetail-deer-

hunting-0191.jpg Camping - http://www.myharriman.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/camping_at_night.jpg Mountain Biking - http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Mountain-bike-racing.jpg Brownstone - https://c1.staticflickr.com/7/6140/5942259592_c3cb15cd40_z.jpg Three Oaks - http://www.crystallake.org/Home/ShowImage?id=2009&t=635477387157800000 Cottonmill - http://www.sdstate.edu/nrm/organizations/gpnss/tpn/upload/40-3-4_Spirk_et_al.pdf Zip Line - http://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/02/56/49/c9/atl-sky-tower.jpg http://en.nfhsf.com/miche/pollution-and-disturbance-of-limestone-quarrying.html http://www.epa.state.il.us/water/conservation/lake-notes/fish-cover.pdf http://www.bassfishingandcatching.com/largemouth-bass-habitat.html http://www.southeastdiscovery.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Brights-Creek-Equestrian-Center.jpg http://www.ehow.com/info_7840800_benefits-effects-limestone.html

Rock Quarry RedevelopmentAgendaHaile Quarries Newberry, FLHistoryContextual Analysis: StateContextual Analysis: CountyContextual Analysis: Site Boundary Contextual Amenities: AmenitiesSite Inventory: Soils/VegetationAnalysis - TopographySite Inventory: WildlifeSite Inventory: DisturbancesGoals/ObjectivesProgramSlide Number 15UsersCase Study: Brownstone Exploration & Discovery Park Portland, ConnecticutCase Study: Three Oaks Recreational Area Crystal Lake, IllinoisCase Study: Cottonmill Lake Rehabilitation Project North-Central NebraskaConceptPhasingMaster PlanPhase One: Bass EstuaryPhase One: Bass EstuaryPhase Two: ConservationPart Two: ConservationPart Two: ConservationPhase Three: Remaining Primary Infrastructure & Related AmenityPhase Three: Remaining Primary Infrastructure & Related AmenityPhase Three: Remaining Primary Infrastructure & Related AmenityPhase Three: Remaining Primary Infrastructure & Related AmenityPhase Four: Remaining SecondaryInfrastructure & Related AmenityPhase Four: Remaining SecondaryInfrastructure & Related AmenityPhase Four: Remaining SecondaryInfrastructure & Related AmenityPhase Four: Remaining SecondaryInfrastructure & Related AmenityPhase Four: Remaining SecondaryInfrastructure & Related AmenityExperienceReferences