Roadways & Waterways

By

Sudarshan Gurjar

BySudarshanGurjar

BySudarshanGurjar

BySudarshanGurjar

• (i) NationalWaterway-1:• Allahabad-Haldia stretch of the

Ganga-Bhagirathi- Hooghly

river (1620 Km) declared as

NW in 1986 in the states of

Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand

andWest Bengal.

BySudarshanGurjar

• National Waterway-2:• Sadiya-Dhubri stretch of the

Brahmaputra river (891 Km)

declared as NationalWaterwayin

1988 in the state ofAssam.

BySudarshanGurjar

• National Waterway-3:• Kollam-Kottapuram stretch of West

Coast Canal and Champakara and

Udyogmandal canals (205 Km)

declared asNational Waterway in

1993 in the state of Kerala

BySudarshanGurjar

• National Waterway-4:• Kakinada-Pudducherry stretch of

canalsand Kaluvelly tank,Bhadrachalam-

Rajahmundry stretch of river Godavari

and Wazirabad-Vijayawada stretch of

river Krishna (1078 Km) declared as

National Waterway in 2008 in the states

of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and

Union Territory of Puducherry.

BySudarshanGurjar

• National Waterway-5:• Talcher-Dhamra stretch of

Rivers, Geonkhali- Charbatia

stretch of East Coast Canal,

Charbatia- Dhamra stretch of

Matai river and Mahanadi

DeltaRivers(588Kmdeclared

asNational Waterway in2008

in the state of West Bengal and

Orissa

BySudarshanGurjar

BySudarshanGurjar

• National Highway 44 (Previously callednational

Highway7)

• TheNational Highway44 is the longest national highway in India with a length of 3,745kilometers running from Srinagarin the north to Kanyakumariin the south.

• It coversthe entire nation and connects11statesand about 30 important cities with eachother.• This highwaycameinto being after fully or partially merging sevennational highways-NH1A,

NH1, NH2, NH3, NH75, NH26, and NH7.• TheCentralPublicWorksDepartment (CPWD) takescareof the maintenanceof this highway.

• Total Length- 3,745km

• Connecting States-Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Telangana,Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and TamilNadu Connecting Cities- Srinagar, Jammu, Pathankot, Jalandhar, Ludhiana, Ambala, Karnal, Panipat, Sonipat, Delhi, Mathura, Agra, Gwalior, Jhansi, Narsinghpur, Nagpur, Adilabad, Hyderabad, Jadcherla, Kurnool, Anantapur, Bengaluru, Dharmapuri, Salem, Namakkal, Karur, Dindigul, Madurai, Kovilpatti, Tirunelveli and Kanyakumari.

BySudarshanGurjar

• 2.National Highway 27• National Highway27 sits at the secondposition in the list of the longest national highwaysin

India.

• It is3,507 km long andconnects the easternpart of India with the western part.

• Apart of north-south east-west corridor of NHAI, this highway runs from Porbandar in Gujarat

to Silchar in Assam. It connects 7 states and 47 cities to each other on a single stretch. NH 27 is

consideredasthe economicalpulseof thecountry.

• TotalLength-3,507km

• ConnectingStates- Gujarat,Rajasthan, MadhyaPradesh,Uttar Pradesh,Bihar,West Bengal,and

Assam

• Connecting Cities- Porbandar, Bamanbore, Morvi, Samakhiali, Radhanpur, Palanpur, Pindwara,

Udaipur, Mangarwar,Chittaurgarh,Kota,Baran,Shivpuri, Ganj, Jhansi,Kanpur, Lucknow,Faizabad,

Gorakhpur, Gopalganj, Pipra, Kothi, Muzaffarpur, Darbhanga, Forbesganj,Araria, Purnia, Dalkola,

Islampur, Shiliguri, Jalaiguri, Mainaguri, Dhupgar, Falakata, Sonapur, Salsaguri, Bongaigaon, Bijni,

Patacharkuchi,Nalbari, Guwahati, Dishpur, Nagaon,Dobaka,Lumding, Haflong, andSilcharBySudarshanGurjar

• 3. National Highway 48 (Previouslyknown asNH4 & NH8)

• National Highway 48 came into existence after adjoining two previous national highways i.e. NH4 andNH8.

• It runs for adistanceof 2,807km andconnectsthe northern states to the southern states.• Thehighwaystarts from NewDelhi and terminates in Chennai.• It becamethe most usedhighwayasit connectsthe major statesand cities to eachother.• TheDelhi-Gurugram expressway,jaipur-Kishangarh expressway,and the Western Expressway

constitute apart of thishighway.

• Total Length- 2,807 km

• Connecting States-Delhi,Haryana,Rajasthan,Gujarat,Maharashtra, Karnataka,and TamilNadu

• Connecting Cities-NewDelhi,Bawal,Kotpuli, Jaipur,Ajmer, Kishangarh,Nasirabad, Chittorgarh, Udaipur, Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Navsari, Vapi, Ankleshwar, Surat, Mumbai, Thane, Pune, Satara, Kolhapur, Belgaum, Hubballi, Davangere, Chitradurga, Bengaluru, Krishnagiri, Vellore, and Chennai

BySudarshanGurjar

• National Highway966B,alsoknown asNH966B,ispart of India's National Highway

network.

• Its old namewasNH47A.

• It coversadistanceof 8 kilometres (5.0miles) between KundannoorandWillingdon

Island in Kochi, in the state of Kerala.It starts from the junction of NH 66 at

Kundannoor.

• It is the second-shortestnational highwayin Indiaafter NH 548andNH118.

BySudarshanGurjar

National Highway 1A (NH 1A) was a

National Highway in North India that connected

the Kashmir valley to Jammuand the rest of India.

The northern terminal was in Uri in Jammu &

Kashmir and the southern terminal was in

Jalandhar

• New tunnels on the road were planned to reduce

the distance between the two cities by 82 km and

the travel time bytwo-thirds.

• Most of these tunnels such asChenani- Nashri

Tunnel and new Banihal double_road_tunnel have

been executed andcommissioned.

• NH1Anumber now doesnot exist and old NH1A

is now a part of new NH1 and NH 44 after

renumbering of all national highways in the year

2010.BySudarshanGurjar

• National Highway 1B (NH

1B) was anIndian National Highway

entirely within the state of Jammu

and Kashmir.

• NH1B linked Batote with Khanbal

andis 274km (170mi) long.

• It has been renamed asNational

Highway244.

BySudarshanGurjar

Southend Batote,

Jammuand

Kashmir

Northend Khanbal,

Jammuand

Kashmir

BySudarshanGurjar

• NationalHighway 1C (NH 1C),anoffshoot of NH-1,wasa short Indian national highway entirely within the state of JammuandKashmir.

• NH1Cran only for a distance of 8km (5.0 mi) between Domel andKatra.

• It wasrenamedasNH144National Highway 144 (India) under new numbering system.

BySudarshanGurjar

• National Highway1D(NH1D),alsoknown asSrinagar-LehHighway,wasaNational Highway

entirely within the stateIndian Administered Kashmir in North India that connected Srinagar to

Leh inLadakh.

• It wasone of the only two roads that connected LadakhRegionwith India, the other beingLeh-

ManaliHighway

• TheSrinagar-LehHighwaywasdeclaredasNational Highwayin 2006

• Asof 2010notification from Ministry of RoadTransport and Highways,NH1Dhas been

renumberedasNational Highway1, alongfollowing route

BySudarshanGurjar

• National Highway 1 is a national highway in the Indian state of Jammu&

Kashmir.It isthe first primary national highwayunder new numberingsystemof India.

NH1 comprises parts of oldNH1AandNH1D.

BySudarshanGurjar

BySudarshanGurjar

BySudarshanGurjar

Zoji La tunnel projectCONTEXT: Recently, Zoji La tunnel project was sanctioned by government.

About:Zozi La pass:Zozi la Pass is a high mountain pass in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir, located on

National Highway 1 between Srinagar and Leh in the western section of the Himalayan

mountain range.

It separates Kashmir Valley to its west from Dras Valley to its northeast.

It is situated at an altitude of 3,528 m (11,575 ft).

Zoji La Tunnel is a 14.2 km long road tunnel under Zoji La pass on the Himalayas between

Sonmarg and Dras town of Kargil district of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir,

currently under construction.

The Zoji La tunnel will be the longest bi-directional road tunnel in Asia.

Significance:It takes more than 3 hours to cross the pass but the tunnel will reduce the time to only 15

minutes.

Sela pass tunnelCONTEXT: Recently, Government announced to build a tunnel through the Sela Pass

which is located at altitude of more than 13000 ft.

About:

Sela Pass:The Sela Pass is a high-altitude mountain pass located on the border between the Tawang and

West Kameng Districts of Arunachal Pradesh state in India.

It has an elevation of 4170 m (13,700 ft) and connects the Indian Buddhist town of Tawang to

Dirang and Guwahati.

12.04-km tunnel

The pass carries the National Highway 13 (previously NH 229), connecting Tawang with the

rest of India.

While Sela Pass gets heavy snowfall in winters, it is usually open throughout the year but

landslides or snow requires the pass to be shut down temporarily.

Banihal-Qazigund tunnelCONTEXT: Recently, National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) announced that

Banihal-Qazigund tunnel will be commissioned soon.

About:Banihal Qazigund Road Tunnel is an 8.5 km road tunnel at elevation of 1,790 m in the Pir

Panjal range in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir connecting Banihal and Qazigund.

It is a double tube tunnel consisting of two parallel tunnels - one for each direction of travel.

Each tunnel is 7 m wide and has two lanes of road.

The two tunnels are interconnected by a passage every 500 m for maintenance and emergency

evacuation.

The tunnel will have forced ventilation for extracting smoke and stale air and infusing fresh

air.

It will have state of the art monitoring and control systems for security.

Significance:It will replace existing dependence on Jawahar Tunnel which is prone to avalanches and is

closed time to time.

The new Banihal-Qazigund tunnel’s elevation is 1,790 metres (5,870 feet), 400 metres below

the Jawahar tunnel. This makes it less prone to avalanches.