Road Road transportation at transportation at Sai KungSai Kung

Road transportation at Road transportation at Sai KungSai Kung

Group membersGroup members Kwong Chi Wai, PhilipKwong Chi Wai, Philip Chau Cheuk Pong, FrankChau Cheuk Pong, Frank Chiu Wai KwanChiu Wai Kwan Lai Suk Mei, MayLai Suk Mei, May

Information of Sai KungInformation of Sai Kung

Land area: 105 hectaresLand area: 105 hectares Population: 14,000Population: 14,000 Leisure garden of Hong KongLeisure garden of Hong Kong Market place for fishermen, Market place for fishermen,

villagers, restaurant ownervillagers, restaurant owner Cultural and heritage nodeCultural and heritage node Marine recreation hubMarine recreation hub

Information on road Information on road transport at Sai Kungtransport at Sai Kung

The pattern of the The pattern of the road:road:

1.1. Sai Sha Road (14.5km)Sai Sha Road (14.5km)

2.2. Hiram’s Highway (16.2km)Hiram’s Highway (16.2km)

3.3. Clear Water Bay Road Clear Water Bay Road (11.7km)(11.7km)

4.4. Tseung Kwan O (6.8km)Tseung Kwan O (6.8km)

Information on road Information on road transport at Sai Kungtransport at Sai Kung

The usage of the road The usage of the road (no. of cars per day):(no. of cars per day):

1.1. Sai Sha Road (7470/day)Sai Sha Road (7470/day)

2.2. Hiram’s Highway (22700/day)Hiram’s Highway (22700/day)

3.3. Clear Water Bay Road Clear Water Bay Road (29870/day)(29870/day)

4.4. Tseung Kwan O (14820/day)Tseung Kwan O (14820/day)

Traffic flow sharply Traffic flow sharply increase on weekendincrease on weekend

Information on road Information on road transport at Sai Kungtransport at Sai Kung

Public transport facilitiesPublic transport facilities Bus & minibus routes Bus & minibus routes

Via Sha Sha Road Via Sha Sha Road 2xKMB + 1xminibus route2xKMB + 1xminibus route

Via Hiram’s highway Via Hiram’s highway 2xKMB +5xminibus (weekdays)2xKMB +5xminibus (weekdays) 4xKMB +5xminibus (weekends)4xKMB +5xminibus (weekends)

Parking spacesParking spaces 1,101 metered parking spaces at Sai 1,101 metered parking spaces at Sai

KungKung 2 major public car parks at Sai Kung 2 major public car parks at Sai Kung

town centertown center

Information on road Information on road transport at Sai Kungtransport at Sai Kung

Limitations of the transport system at Sai Limitations of the transport system at Sai KungKung Traffic congestion (morning & holiday)Traffic congestion (morning & holiday) Capacity of the road does not fit the demand Capacity of the road does not fit the demand

of the fast growing tourist industryof the fast growing tourist industry Private car ratio>average private car ratio in Private car ratio>average private car ratio in

Hong KongHong Kong Illegal parking during holidaysIllegal parking during holidays Traffic noise to the residentsTraffic noise to the residents

ObjectivesObjectives

1.1. Explore the problems of the existing land Explore the problems of the existing land transportation system and transportation system and

2.2. Suggest the strategy for future transportation Suggest the strategy for future transportation development in Sai Kung.development in Sai Kung.

Rationale behide:Rationale behide: The demand of the transportation network is increasing due The demand of the transportation network is increasing due

to future development by Outline Zoning Plan (OZP).to future development by Outline Zoning Plan (OZP). The existing transportation system is not compatible with the The existing transportation system is not compatible with the

future development of the district and lead to many future development of the district and lead to many problems.problems.

Sustainable transportation strategy in Sai Kung is required.Sustainable transportation strategy in Sai Kung is required.

Environmental issuesEnvironmental issues

AirAir Land/LandscapeLand/Landscape WaterWater NoiseNoise BiodiversityBiodiversity

Environmental issuesEnvironmental issuesAirAir

The PM, SOThe PM, SO22, NO, NOxx, VOC and CO emissions from the road transport are , VOC and CO emissions from the road transport are

the main sources of air pollution in Sai Kungthe main sources of air pollution in Sai Kung

Under the OZP planning development, increase of traffic flow would Under the OZP planning development, increase of traffic flow would result with increasing pollutant emissionsresult with increasing pollutant emissions

Total emission of each road (kg/day)Total emission of each road (kg/day)

PMPM SOSO22 NONOxx VOCVOC COCO

Sai Sha RoadSai Sha Road 27.827.8 1.61.6 341.5341.5 98.098.0 1031.51031.5

Hiram’s Hiram’s HighwayHighway 37.037.0 2.12.1 455.4455.4 130.7130.7 1265.01265.0

Clear Water Clear Water Bay RoadBay Road 34.034.0 1.91.9 418.8418.8 120.2120.2 1375.91375.9

TKO TKO 13.213.2 0.70.7 162.9162.9 46.746.7 491.9491.9

Environmental issuesEnvironmental issuesLandLand

Poor landscape by vehicles pollution and Poor landscape by vehicles pollution and road works reparationsroad works reparations

The housing / land are developed along The housing / land are developed along the road side the road side

=> => poor town planning and land use!poor town planning and land use!

Environmental issuesEnvironmental issuesLand (roadside development)Land (roadside development)

Environmental issuesEnvironmental issuesWaterWater

The emissions and lubricants from vehicles The emissions and lubricants from vehicles will eventually settle on the ground. will eventually settle on the ground.

When it rains, the pollutants from the road When it rains, the pollutants from the road surfaces will run into the sewage system.surfaces will run into the sewage system.

Since the rain sewage system does not Since the rain sewage system does not connect to the waste water treatment plants connect to the waste water treatment plants

It will drain to the sea directly => It will drain to the sea directly => marine marine pollution!pollution!

Leaching to fish pond => Leaching to fish pond => kill freshwater kill freshwater organism!organism!

Environmental issuesEnvironmental issuesNoiseNoise

Existing noise problems affecting roadside Existing noise problems affecting roadside housing development mainly come fromhousing development mainly come from

a.a. Heavy goods vehiclesHeavy goods vehicles

b.b. Old and poor road designOld and poor road design

c.c. Road reparationsRoad reparations

Noise level ranged LNoise level ranged Leqeq 55-80 dB(A) 55-80 dB(A)

Existing mitigation measuresExisting mitigation measures e.g. Nam Wai, Noise barriers were e.g. Nam Wai, Noise barriers were

built to minimize the noise to the built to minimize the noise to the

residents.residents. Localized and not enough.Localized and not enough.

=> Still unacceptable!!=> Still unacceptable!!

Environmental issuesEnvironmental issuesBiodiversityBiodiversity Fragmentation of habitats of animals by Fragmentation of habitats of animals by

roads (eg: along Sai Sha road-natural rural roads (eg: along Sai Sha road-natural rural area)area)

Killing animals by vehicle crashingKilling animals by vehicle crashing Pollutants emitted from vehicles degrade the Pollutants emitted from vehicles degrade the

habitat for the living specieshabitat for the living species Noise from the road drive away sensitive Noise from the road drive away sensitive

speciesspecies

=>Biodiversity decrease!=>Biodiversity decrease!

Sai Sha Road

Sai Kung Country Park

Economic issuesEconomic issues Influence on business sector income by Influence on business sector income by

the transport sectorthe transport sector WholesalesWholesales CateringCatering RecreationsRecreations Properties tradingProperties trading

Economic issuesEconomic issues

Types of jobs offered/ Types of jobs offered/ type of type of participants participants

Direct: Minibus, bus, taxi drivers, logistic Direct: Minibus, bus, taxi drivers, logistic company company

Indirect: Wholesales, tourism, construction, Indirect: Wholesales, tourism, construction, catering…etc catering…etc

All of them are interrelated with the All of them are interrelated with the transportation links i.e.: transport of people transportation links i.e.: transport of people or goodsor goods

Economic issuesEconomic issuesAsset valuesAsset values

The economic loss of the current transport linksThe economic loss of the current transport links Insufficient capacity of the roadInsufficient capacity of the road

Reduce the no. of visitorsReduce the no. of visitors Reduce logisticsReduce logistics

CongestionCongestion Reduce the no. of visitorsReduce the no. of visitors Reduce recreational spending Reduce recreational spending Impact on the image of Sai Kung to visitorsImpact on the image of Sai Kung to visitors Increase the loading to the environment and requires extra Increase the loading to the environment and requires extra

mitigation measurements.mitigation measurements. PollutionPollution

Reduce the life time of the buildings (SO2 emissions from Reduce the life time of the buildings (SO2 emissions from vehicles)vehicles)

=> Can't optimize due to transportation system reach its => Can't optimize due to transportation system reach its capacity!capacity!

Social issuesSocial issues

Services/ impact from the transport Services/ impact from the transport sectorsector

HealthHealth Health effects of PM and gaseous pollutantsHealth effects of PM and gaseous pollutants

PM leads to respiratory symptoms PM leads to respiratory symptoms Excessive lead results in permanent brain damage Excessive lead results in permanent brain damage

Health expenses from the govt.Health expenses from the govt. Stress from noise and congestionStress from noise and congestion

Reduce productivityReduce productivity Affect the leisure time of the residentsAffect the leisure time of the residents

Social issuesSocial issues

EducationEducation Lack of school networks in Sai Kung townLack of school networks in Sai Kung town Students from Sai Kung require long traveling distance to Students from Sai Kung require long traveling distance to

other district for schoolother district for school Waste of their recreation and study timeWaste of their recreation and study time

EmploymentEmployment Lack of job opportunities in Sai KungLack of job opportunities in Sai Kung Long traveling distance for jobs Long traveling distance for jobs

Preference in choosing Sai Kung for their work or Preference in choosing Sai Kung for their work or residenceresidence

=> Social problem increase=> Social problem increase Reduce family timeReduce family time

Stakeholder capacityStakeholder capacity ResidenceResidence

Concerns:Concerns: Air quality, noise level, property price, Air quality, noise level, property price, convenience to go to work and study.convenience to go to work and study.

Awareness:Awareness: Traffic jam at peak hours and it is not Traffic jam at peak hours and it is not convenient to go outside to work and study, redevelopment convenient to go outside to work and study, redevelopment is needed!is needed!

TouristTourist Concerns:Concerns: Natural scenery, attractiveness, fresh air, Natural scenery, attractiveness, fresh air,

relaxation, easiness access to the tourist spots.relaxation, easiness access to the tourist spots. Awareness:Awareness: Air pollution and noise problem affect natural Air pollution and noise problem affect natural

scenery and reduce leisure mood to enjoy holiday!scenery and reduce leisure mood to enjoy holiday! DriversDrivers

Concerns:Concerns: Salary, road safety, road efficiency Salary, road safety, road efficiency Awareness:Awareness: The roadwork is old and insufficient capacity The roadwork is old and insufficient capacity

during holiday; income directly affected by congestion or the during holiday; income directly affected by congestion or the traffic conditions! traffic conditions!

Government capacityGovernment capacityConcerns:Concerns: Economic incomeEconomic income

Fuel taxFuel tax Properties priceProperties price TourismTourism

Road maintenance costRoad maintenance cost Infrastructure cost for the roadworkInfrastructure cost for the roadwork

Gas stationGas station Bus terminalBus terminal Parking placeParking place

Environmental mitigationsEnvironmental mitigationsAwareness:Awareness: Government expense on existing system is not Government expense on existing system is not

effective and sustainable for the future!effective and sustainable for the future! Need better redevelopment and town planning!Need better redevelopment and town planning!

Further researchFurther research

Explore the concern of the stakeholdersExplore the concern of the stakeholders Assess the priority for the needs of Assess the priority for the needs of

sustainable development in Sai Kungsustainable development in Sai Kung Based on the priority, alternatives will be Based on the priority, alternatives will be

suggested with the concerns of suggested with the concerns of stakeholdersstakeholders

Seek for feedback from different Seek for feedback from different stakeholders of this sectorstakeholders of this sector

ReferencesReferences

Hong Kong Resident Population by District Council Hong Kong Resident Population by District Council District, 2005 (as at mid year), Demographic Statistics District, 2005 (as at mid year), Demographic Statistics Section, Census and Statistics Department.Section, Census and Statistics Department.

http://sc.info.gov.hk/gb/www.info.gov.hk/http://sc.info.gov.hk/gb/www.info.gov.hk/giagia/general/200503/04/03040169./general/200503/04/03040169.htmhtm..

http://www.http://www.epdepd.gov.hk/.gov.hk/epdepd//textonlytextonly/english//english/environmentinhkenvironmentinhk/air/air_/air/air_maincontentmaincontent.html.html

http://www.http://www.epdepd.gov.hk/.gov.hk/epdepd//textonlytextonly/english//english/

environmentinhkenvironmentinhk/noise/noise_/noise/noise_maincontentmaincontent.html.html