RO system and its Industrial application

RO system and itsIndustrial applicationPresentation by :Dipti B.Tech (CE) 3rd yearSmart id : BTBTH127001..a process.What is RO?Osmosis is a natural process. When two liquids with different concentrations of a solute are separated by a semipermeable membrane, the fluid has a tendency to move from low to high solute concentrations for chemical potential equilibrium.Formally, reverse osmosis is the process of forcing a solvent from a region of high solute concentration through a semipermeable membrane to a region of low solute concentration by applying a pressure in excess of the osmotic pressure. The largest and most important application of reverse osmosis is the separation of pure water from seawater and brackish waters; seawater or brackish water is pressurized against one surface of the membrane, causing transport of salt-depleted water across the membrane and emergence of potable drinking water from the low-pressure side.

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What is RO system?Although Reverse Osmosis seems like a complex system it is really a simple and straightforward water filtration process. And it's not a new process. High-pressure (pump driven) reverse osmosis systems have been used for years to desalinate* water to convert brackish or seawater to drinking water.3All RO systems work the same way. Most RO (Reverse Osmosis) systems look alike. All RO Systems have the same basic components. The real difference is the quality of the filters and membranes inside the RO.

The most important points to remember:4How does it work?

5Factors affecting the performance of RO system :

Water TemperatureType and number of total dissolved solids (TDS) in the tap waterThe quality of the filters and membranes used in the RO System (see operating specs)

6Diagram of a Reverse osmosis membrane

7RO membranes

Layers of a membrane A semipermeable membrane coil used in desalination.8What does an RO System Remove?

9TYPICAL REJECTION CHARACTERISTICS OF RO MEMBRANES Sodium Sulfate CalciumPotassium Nitrate Iron Zinc MercurySelenium Phosphate Lead ArsenicMagnesiumNickel Fluoride Manganese Cadmium Barium Cyanide Chloride 85 - 94%96 - 98%94 - 98% 85 - 95% 60 75% 94 98% 95 98% 95 98% 94 96% 96 98% 95 98% 92 96% 94 98% 96 98% 85 - 92% 94 98% 95 98% 95 98% 84 92% 85 92% % may vary based on membrane type water pressure, temperature & TDSElements and the Percent R.O. Membranes will remove10Basic Components of an ro system

Cold Water Line ValvePre-Filter (s)Reverse Osmosis MembranePost filter (s)Automatic Shut Off Valve (SOV)Check ValveFlow RestrictorStorage TankFaucetDrain line

11Its applications : Drinking water purification Water and waste water purification Food IndustryMaple syrup production Hydrogen production Reef aquariums Window cleaning12Its advantages :

13Disadvantages :1. Water wastage 1.1 Domestic 1.2 Industrial

2. Removal of healthy minerals14Conclusion :15References :16